BCR’s CDP Digital Imaging Best Practices Working Group BCR’s CDP Digital Imaging Best Practices Version 2.0 June 2008 discover. share. experience. CONTENTS Updating BCR’s CDP Digital Imaging Best Practices, Version 2.0 .......................................................iii Introduction.................................................................................................................................................iv Purpose ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 Revisions..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Laying the Groundwork ............................................................................................................................. 2 General Principles.................................................................................................................................... 2 Questions to Ask Before Starting a Digitization Project........................................................................... 3 Documentation ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Staffing ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Training .................................................................................................................................................... 4 In-house vs. Outsourcing ......................................................................................................................... 5 Costs ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Rights Management ................................................................................................................................. 6 Digital Preservation.................................................................................................................................... 7 Creation Basics........................................................................................................................................... 8 PPI/DPI/SPI.............................................................................................................................................. 8 Modes of Capture..................................................................................................................................... 8 Bit Depth................................................................................................................................................... 9 Color Space............................................................................................................................................ 10 Resolution .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Tonal Dynamic Range............................................................................................................................ 10 Compression .......................................................................................................................................... 11 File Formats ........................................................................................................................................... 11 Hardware Considerations ........................................................................................................................ 14 Computers.............................................................................................................................................. 14 Monitors/Display..................................................................................................................................... 14 Image Capture Devices.......................................................................................................................... 15 Optical Density ....................................................................................................................................... 16 Speed and Connectivity ......................................................................................................................... 16 Scanners ................................................................................................................................................ 17 The Digital Camera System ................................................................................................................... 18 Camera Stands and Lighting.................................................................................................................. 19 Software Considerations ......................................................................................................................... 20 Scanning Software ................................................................................................................................. 20 Image Editing Software .......................................................................................................................... 20 Digital Asset Management (DAM).......................................................................................................... 21 Workspace................................................................................................................................................. 22 Guidelines for Creating Digital Images .................................................................................................. 22 Master Files............................................................................................................................................ 23 Service Master Files............................................................................................................................... 23 Derivative Files....................................................................................................................................... 23 File Naming Conventions ....................................................................................................................... 24 Watermarks............................................................................................................................................ 24 BCR’s CDP Digital Imaging Best Practices, Version 2.0 Page i June 2008 Guidelines for Source Type.................................................................................................................... 25 • Text............................................................................................................................................. 25 • Photos ........................................................................................................................................ 26 • Graphics ..................................................................................................................................... 27 • Artwork/3-Dimensional Objects.................................................................................................. 28 • Maps........................................................................................................................................... 28 • Film............................................................................................................................................. 28 Quality Control.......................................................................................................................................... 29 Tonal Dynamic Range............................................................................................................................ 30 White & Black Points.............................................................................................................................. 30 Clipping and Spiking .............................................................................................................................. 30 Color Management................................................................................................................................. 31 Targets and Color Bars .......................................................................................................................... 31 Visual Inspection .................................................................................................................................... 32 Describing Digital Images........................................................................................................................ 33 Metadata Theory and Practice............................................................................................................... 33 Preservation Metadata and METS......................................................................................................... 34 Storage ...................................................................................................................................................... 35 Best