Citation: Greene, M and Schiffer, A (2018) Learning from past and current energy transitions to build sus- tainable and resilient energy futures: Lessons from Ireland and The Gambia. In: SHAPE ENERGY Research Design Challenge: Control, change and capacity-building in energy systems. Shape Energy, pp. 57-66. ISBN UNSPECIFIED Link to Leeds Beckett Repository record: https://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/id/eprint/4924/ Document Version: Book Section (Published Version) The aim of the Leeds Beckett Repository is to provide open access to our research, as required by funder policies and permitted by publishers and copyright law. The Leeds Beckett repository holds a wide range of publications, each of which has been checked for copyright and the relevant embargo period has been applied by the Research Services team. We operate on a standard take-down policy. If you are the author or publisher of an output and you would like it removed from the repository, please contact us and we will investigate on a case-by-case basis. Each thesis in the repository has been cleared where necessary by the author for third party copyright. If you would like a thesis to be removed from the repository or believe there is an issue with copyright, please contact us on [email protected] and we will investigate on a case-by-case basis. CONTROL, CHANGE AND CAPACITY-BUILDING IN ENERGY SYSTEMS SHAPE ENERGY Research Design Challenge CONTROL, CHANGE AND CAPACITY-BUILDING IN ENERGY SYSTEMS Editors Patrick Sumpf*, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany) Christian Büscher, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Germany) *[email protected] March 2018 Suggested citation: Sumpf, P. and Büscher, C. eds., 2018. SHAPE ENERGY Research Design Challenge: Control, change and capacity-building in energy systems. Cambridge: SHAPE ENERGY. RESEARCH DESIGN CHALLENGE 2 CONTROL, CHANGE AND CAPACITY-BUILDING IN ENERGY SYSTEMS Executive Summary The Research Design Challenge set out to showcase how different Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) disciplines approach three scientific energy problems, namely control, change, and capacity-building in energy systems. This design challenge is an attempt to foster interdisciplinary collaboration in the energy-SSH community throughout Europe. 31 researchers based in 14 different European countries and representing 16 SSH disciplines came together through SHAPE ENERGY funding and developed 13 research designs according to the challenges defined. These challenges serve as a framework to order the contributions along three dimensions, which we call reference problems: •••Challenge A concerns the problem of control with increasing system complexity, because more heterogeneous elements and varying interrelations between these elements can lead to emergent behaviour of energy systems. Three author teams discuss organizational solutions related to aspects of social control such as governance, political autonomy or complex system intervention; •••Challenge B describes the problem of change despite the need for stability because in the destabilization of institutions, an overall loss of orientation should not occur, while simultaneously unlearning knowledge and deviating from routines is mandatory. The conditions and possibilities of social innovations are introduced by six papers, relating to energy pioneers, lived experience, electric mobility, values and building energy use; •••In Challenge C, we encounter the problem of capacity-building due to the increasing discrepancy between ‘simple’ interfaces and complicated technological realities in the background. Four papers focus on social mechanisms and innovations that mobilize human behaviour and allow to absorb uncertainty in order to remain actionable, e.g. on markets, in local communities or as building occupants. These reference problems provided integration potential by channelling researchers’ attention towards the problem at hand, going beyond their disciplinary academic definitions and comprehensions. This is illustrated by many researcher teams with different disciplinary backgrounds who have engaged with common, unified approaches without drawing lines between the disciplines involved. Thus, we conclude a successful first application of this concept, which hopefully finds imitators and contributes to author team follow-ups and SSH community resonance. RESEARCH DESIGN CHALLENGE 3 CONTROL, CHANGE AND CAPACITY-BUILDING IN ENERGY SYSTEMS Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Contents ............................................................................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................6 Sumpf, P.; Büscher, C. Original call for abstracts (launched August 2017) ........................................................................................ 7 The challenge(s) ......................................................................................................................................... 7 The research design challenge: Output, background and paper allocation .................................................8 Research on LTS: Development and control of large, complex infrastructures (Challenge A) .................. 10 Challenge A: Paper introductions ............................................................................................................. 10 Research on innovations and transitions: Conditions of change in relatively stable technological domains (Challenge B) ...........................................................................................................11 Challenge B: Paper introductions ............................................................................................................. 12 Social systems research: The problem of capacity-building (Challenge C) .............................................. 13 Challenge C: Paper introductions ............................................................................................................. 14 References ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 SECTION A: The challenge of ‘Control’ in energy systems ........................................................................ 17 Autonomy and control in Orkney: An inquiry into the social benefits of community wind energy............... 18 Smedberg, A.; Light, A. Reconciling qualitative and quantitative storytelling in just energy decision making: A research design challenge contribution ....................................................................................................27 Turhan, E.; Şorman, A. H.; Larsen, K. Islands of innovation in the UK and the Czech Republic .............................................................................35 Wokuri, P.; Pechancová, V. SECTION B: ‘Stability and Change’ in energy systems ..............................................................................44 Energy pioneers: Energy start-ups, ecovillages in Israel and Germany ......................................................45 Buchmann, K.; Heffer, Sh.; Parag, Y. Learning from past and current energy transitions to build sustainable and resilient energy futures: Lessons from Ireland and The Gambia ......................................................................................................... 57 Greene, M.; Schiffer, A. Envisaging the unintended socio-technical consequences of a transition from fossil fuel-based to electric mobility ...................................................................................................67 Lis, A.; Wagner, A.; Ruzzenenti, F.; Walnum, H.J. The role of values in analysing energy systems: Insights from moral philosophy, institutional economics and sociology.......................................................................................................... 77 Märker, C.; Milchram, Chr. Feeding back or feeding forward? A new lens into building energy use .....................................................87 Oliveira, S.; Baborska-Narozny, M. Towards a stronger integration of spatial perspectives into research on socio-technical transitions: Case studies in the Swiss energy sector and the German transport sector ................................................95 Schippl, J.; von Wirth, T. SECTION C: ‘Capacity-Building’ in energy systems ............................................................................... 103 What works for consumer engagement in the energy transition: Experimenting with a behavioural-sociological approach ........................................................................104 Della Valle, N.; Poderi, G RESEARCH DESIGN CHALLENGE 4 CONTROL, CHANGE AND CAPACITY-BUILDING IN ENERGY SYSTEMS Islands in the city? Place attachment and participation in local and non-local peer-to-peer energy trading ..................................................................................................................... 114 Fell, M.; Neves, D. Beyond the average consumer: Exploring the potential to increase the activity of consumers in load-shifting behaviours by means of tailor-made solutions ............................................124 Schweiker, M.; Huebner, G. The Newton Machine: Reconstrained