VMUN 2019 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime BACKGROUND GUIDE Vancouver Model United Nations The Eighteenth Annual Session | January 25–27, 2019 Dear Delegates, Jerry Xu Secretary-General Welcome to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. My name is Ellen Li, and I am beyond excited to be serving as your Director for this committee at the 18th iteration of Vancouver Model United Nations. Staffing alongside me will be your Chair, Alison Lee, and your Assistant Director, Ronald Wu. The three of us look forward to watching the committee Nick Young debate and collaborate to reach resolutions on two critical topics, the International Arrest Chief of Staff Warrants, and Human Trafficking in the Illicit Drug Trade. Angelina Zhang Currently in my third year of participation in Model United Nations, I can assure you that it Director-General is one of the most challenging, but by far, the most rewarding activity I have pursued. Model UN is a platform in which like-minded individuals can work together to solve issues not only diplomatically but pragmatically, and expand their knowledge of global affairs. It rejects the notion that academia can be boring, and encourages individuals to be curious about the world Allan Lee that surrounds them. I encourage you all to step out of your comfort zone, and truly immerse Director of Logistics yourself in this unforgettable diplomatic experience. Katherine Zheng If you have any questions, please feel free to email me. I look forward to meeting you all in USG General Assemblies January! Omar Kassam Sincerely, USG Specialized Agencies Ellen Li Megan Syho UNODC Director USG Conference David Ni USG Finance Steven Long USG Delegate Affairs Alex Shojania USG Delegate Affairs Derick Yuan USG IT Position Paper Policy What is a Position Paper? A position paper is a brief overview of a country’s stance on the topics being discussed by a particular committee. Though there is no specific format the position paper must follow, it should include a description of your positions your country holds on the issues on the agenda, relevant actions that your country has taken, and potential solutions that your country would support. At Vancouver Model United Nations, delegates should write a position paper for each of the committee’s topics. Each position paper should not exceed one page, and should all be combined into a single document per delegate. For the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, position papers are not mandatory but highly recommended, and required for a delegate to be considered for an award. Formatting Position papers should: — Include the name of the delegate, his/her country, and the committee — Be in a standard font (e.g. Times New Roman) with a 12-point font size and 1-inch document margins — Not include illustrations, diagrams, decorations, national symbols, watermarks, or page borders — Include citations and a bibliography, in any format, giving due credit to the sources used in research (not included in the 1-page limit) Due Dates and Submission Procedure Position papers for this committee must be submitted by midnight on January 13, 2019. Once your position paper is complete, please save the file as your last name, your first name and send it as an attachment in an email, to your committee’s email address, with the subject heading as your last name, your first name — Position Paper. Please do not add any other attachments to the email or write anything else in the body. Both your position papers should be combined into a single PDF or Word document file; position papers submitted in another format will not be accepted. Each position paper will be manually reviewed and considered for the Best Position Paper award. The email address for this committee is [email protected]. Vancouver Model United Nations 2019 3 International Arrest Warrants ...................................................................................................... 6 Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Timeline ................................................................................................................................................... 6 Historical Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 8 Impact of Globalization on Crime ...................................................................................................................8 Development of International Arrest Warrants ............................................................................................9 Past UN/International Involvement .................................................................................................... 9 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ..................................................................................................9 International Criminal Court ...........................................................................................................................9 International Court of Justice ........................................................................................................................ 10 International Criminal Police Organization ............................................................................................... 10 Current Situation .................................................................................................................................. 11 International Court of Justice ........................................................................................................................ 11 International Criminal Court ........................................................................................................................ 12 International Criminal Police Organization ............................................................................................... 12 Possible Solutions and Controversies ................................................................................................ 13 Enhanced Notices Screening ......................................................................................................................... 13 International Courts Reform ......................................................................................................................... 14 Crime-Fighting Cooperation ......................................................................................................................... 14 Bloc Positions ........................................................................................................................................ 14 European States ............................................................................................................................................... 14 African States ................................................................................................................................................... 15 Western States ................................................................................................................................................. 15 Discussion Questions ........................................................................................................................... 15 Additional Resources ........................................................................................................................... 16 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................................... 17 Human Trafficking in the Illicit Drug Trade ............................................................................. 20 Overview ................................................................................................................................................ 20 Vancouver Model United Nations 2019 4 Timeline ................................................................................................................................................. 20 Historical Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 21 Origins of Human Trafficking ...................................................................................................................... 21 Drug Organizations and Trafficking ............................................................................................................ 22 Structural Conditions ..................................................................................................................................... 23 Human/Drug Overlap .................................................................................................................................... 24 Past UN/International Involvement .................................................................................................. 24 Conventions and Protocols............................................................................................................................ 24 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ............................................................................................... 25 Current Situation .................................................................................................................................. 25 Practices ...........................................................................................................................................................