Proceedings of the Right North American Caribou Works ho p Whit g her 5*t Yukon, Canada XO-24 April* 1999 RANGIFER Research! Management and Huibundry o( Reindeer und a|her Northern Ungulates Special Isut Ne. U, zooo Rangif er Published by. Nordisk Organ for Reinforskning (NOR) Nordic Council for Reindeer Research Pohjoismainen Porontutkimuselin Editor: Rolf Egil Haugerud Address: c/o NVH, Department of Arctic Veterinary Medicine Stakkevollvn. 23 B N-9292 Tromsø Norway e-mail: [email protected] Web address: http://www.rangifer.no/ Telephone: +47 77 69 48 10 Telefax: +47 77 69 49 11 Mobile telephone: +47 414 16 833 Bank account: 4760 56 92776 Postal account: 0801 2116358 Swift address: SNOWN022 Subscription prices: Ordinary subscription (2—4 issues/year), prices/year: 2001 Subscription runs until cancelled! Nordic countries, NOK 160- Europe, surface mail NOK 175- Europe, air mail NOK 220- Overseas, surface mail NOK 200- Overseas, air mail NOK 265- Student Nordic, surface NOK 100- Students elsewhere, surface NOK 100- Discount: Subscription agencies NOK 30- Back issuesl (prices not included postage and packing): Ordinary issues (> 3 years) NOK 30 - each Ordinary issues (< 3 years) NOK 60 - each Proceedings of the Fifth International Reindeer/Caribou Symposium, Arvidsjaur 1988: NOK 350,-. (Subscribers to RANGIFER: NOK 250,-). Proceedings of the 6th North American Caribou Workshop, Prince George, B.C., 1994: NOK 200,-. Proceedings of the 7th North American Caribou Conference, Thunder Bay, Ontario, 1996: NOK 200,-. Proceedings of the 8th North American Caribou Workshop, Whitehorse, Yukon, 1998: NOK 250,-. Other special issues NOK 165 - each Payment: Use credit card (VISA/Eurocard/Mastercard/Access) if possible. Add NOK 60 - to listed subscription and back issue prices to cover bank charges in Norway if using cheque payment or swift-address. ISSN 0801-6399 A/S Harstad Tidendes trykkeri Special Issue No. 12 RANGIFER Proceedings of The Eight North American Caribou Workshop, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, 20-24 April, 1998 Special Issue No. 12 RANGIFER Proceedings of the 8th North American Caribou Workshop 'A future for an Ancient Deer' Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada, April 20 to 24,1998 Environment Canada Yukon |*|Pacifi c and Yukon Region Government Issue editors: Rick Farnell, Don Russell, Debbie van de Wetering Editor of Rangifer: Rolf Egil Haugerud Published by Nordic Council for Reindeer Research Tromsø, Norway 2000 Reference from the proceedings should be written: Hayes, R. D. & Russell, D. E. 2000. Predation rate by wolves on the Porcupine caribou herd. - Rangifer Special Issue No. 12: 51-58. Artist raphy: Doug Urquhart studied biology at the University of Toronto (BSc) and the University of New Hampshire (MSc). In the early 1970s he studied the impacts of oil development on the caribou, muskox and arctic foxes of Banks Island NWT. Doug has been an environmental consultant in NWT, BC and Yukon for 20 years specializing in wildlife management planning. He was the Executive Director of the Porcupine Caribou Management Board for 10 years and wrote a syndicated newspaper column on Porcupine Caribou Management. Doug's biology background and vast experience with northern issues are reflected in his syndicated cartoon strip "Paws" and in the 12 cartoon books he has published over the past 25 years. Doug lives in Whitehorse with his wife Judy and their two children Robin and Kaitlyn. In his role as the Chief Strategist for the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Campaign Canadian Leadership Group, Doug continues his efforts to help preserve the Porcupine Caribou Herd. Printed by: A.s Harstad Tidendes trykkeri, Harstad, Norway RANGIFER Proceedings of the Eight North American Caribou Workshop Contents Page Preface 9 Acknowledgements 11 Elder's Story - The Boy Who Went to the Moon as told to Louise Profeit-LeBlanc by Mary Vittrekwa 13 Session One — Population Dynamics Boertje, Rodney D. & Craig L. Gardner. The Fortymile caribou herd: novel proposed management and relevant biology, 1992-1997 17 Gunn, Anne, Frank L. Miller & John Nishi. Status of endangered and threatened caribou on Canada's arctic islands 39 Hayes, Robert D. & Donald E. Russell. Predation rate by wolves on the Porcupine caribou herd 51 Zittlau, Keri, John Coffin, Richard Farnell, Gerald Kuzyk & Curtis Strobeck. Genetic relationships of three Yukon caribou herds determined by DNA typing 59 Adams, Layne G. & Bruce W. Dale. Reproductive performance of female Alaskan caribou {Abstract) 63 Dale, Bruce W. & Layne G. Adams. Sex, age, and condition of wolf-killed caribou {Abstract) ... 64 Dau, J., J. Coady, S. Machida & L. A. Ayres. The Western Arctic caribou herd: current status and management issues {Abstract) 65 Griffith, Brad, David C. Douglas, Donald E. Russell, Robert G. White, Thomas R. McCabe & Kenneth R. Whitten. Effects of recent climate warming on caribou habitat and calf survival {Abstract) 65 Hayes, Robert D., Gerald W. Kuzyk & Richard Farnell. Responses of the Aishihik caribou herd to reduced wolf predation and harvest restrictions: an adaptive management experiment in the Yukon {Abstract) 66 Rowell, J. E., D. E. Russell, R. G. White & R. G. Sasser. Estrous synchronization and early pregnancy (Abstract) 66 Russell, Donald E. & Robert G. White. Surviving in the north - a conceptual model of reproductive strategies in arctic caribou (Abstract) 67 Rangifer, Special Issue No. 12, 2000 5 Session Two — Co-Management Hanley, Thomas & Donald E. Russell. Ecological role of hunting in population dynamics and its implications for co-management of caribou 71 Egli, Katherina, Robert Florkiewicz, Carol A. Domes & Gerald W. Kuzyk. A case study of the Carcross herd in the southern Yukon (Abstract) 79 Hoffman, Linda. Human impacts on the Porcupine caribou herd (Abstract) 79 Kassi, Norma. Behaviour and human disturbance (Abstract) 80 Kofinas, Gary P., Stephen Braund, Joe Tetlichi, Johnny Charlie Sr. & Billie Archie. Learning with locals to model a future (Abstract) 80 Kingscote, Barbara. Potential value of reindeer to caribou in a co-management system (Abstract) . 81 Reid, J. & D. Cooley. The mystery of the Clear Creek caribou herd (Abstract) 81 Session Three — Caribou & Human Activity Brown, Kimberly, Campbell Elliott & Francois Messier. Seasonal distribution and population parameters of woodland caribou in central Manitoba: implications for forestry practices 85 Mosolov, Vladmir I. Conservation of wild reindeer in Kamchatka 95 Buckland, Laurie, Luci Davis, Derek A. Melton, Michael Raine & John Virgl. Caribou behaviour near BHP's Ekati Diamond Mine, Northwest Territories, Canada, during the first year of construction (Brief communication) 101 Colman, Jonathan, Per Jordh0y, Christian Nellemann, Olav Strand & Eigil Reimers. Frag• mentation, overgrazing and anthropogenic disturbance in Norwegian reindeer ranges (Abstract) ... 103 Griffith, Brad & Raymond D. Cameron. Shifts in the distribution of calving caribou: developing a model for assessing the impacts of development (Abstract) . 103 Dzus, E. H. Survival and reproduction of woodland caribou in the boreal region of northern Alberta (Abstract) 104 Eftest0l, Sindre, Jonathan Colman & Eigil Reimers. Response distances of Forelhogna reindeer afterdisturbance by humans on foot or skis (Abstract) 105 Griffith, Brad, Robert G. White, Raymond D. Cameron, Don Russell & Thomas R. McCabe. A methodology for predicting effects of displacement on caribou populations: integrating behavior, habitat value, and population dynamics (Abstract) 105 Gunn, Anne. Caribou calving grounds - dogma and diversity (Abstract) 106 Murphy, Stephen M., Don E. Russell, & Robert G. White. Modeling energetic and demographic conesquences of caribou interactions with oil development in the Arctic {Brief communication) 107 Smith, K. G., E. J. Ficht, D. Hobson & D. Hervieux. Woodland caribou distribution on winter range in relation to clear-cut logging in west central Alberta - preliminary analysis (Abstract) Ill Wasel, S. M., Simon J. Dyer & E. H. Dzus. Industrial development and access: Effects on movement and distribution of woodland caribou in Northern Alberta (Abstract) Ill Reimers, Eigil, Jonathan Colman, Sindre Eftest0l, Jarl Kind, Liv Dervo & Anne Muniz. Fright response of reindeer in four geographical areas in Southern Norway after disturbance by humans on foot or skis (Abstract) 112 Session Four - Panel Discussion Human developments and theif effects on caribou 115 6 Rangifier, Special Issue No. 12, 2000 Session Five - Nutrition & Physiology Larter, Nicholas C. & John A. Nagy. Overwinter changes in urea nitrogenxreatinine and Cortisol: creatinine ratios in urine from Banks Island Peary caribou 125 Valkenburg, Patrick, Ted H. Spraker, Michael T. Hinkes, Lawrence H. Van Daele, Robert W. Tobey & Richard A. Sellers. Increases in body weight and nutritional status of transplanted Alaskan caribou 133 Cameron, Raymond D., Don E. Russell, Karen L. Gerhart, Robert G. White & Jay M. Ver Hoef. A model for predicting the parturition status of arctic caribou [Brief communication) .... 139 Colman, Jonathan, Christian Pedersen, Eigil Reimers, Øystein Holand & Stein Moe. 24-h activity pattern of wild reindeer in summer with emphasis on behavior compensation at night due to limited grazing during the day {Abstract) 143 Finstad, Greg L., Maria Berger, Knut Kielland & Alexander K. Prichard. Climatic influence on forage quality, growth and reproduction of reindeer on the Seward Peninsula I: Climate and forage quality (Abstract) 144 Finstad, Greg L. & Alexander K. Prichard. Climatic influence