FOSSIL FLORA AND FAUNA OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA D ELA Odjeljenje tehničkih nauka Knjiga 10/1 FOSILNA FLORA I FAUNA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE Ivan Soklić DOI: 10.5644/D2019.89 MONOGRAPHS VOLUME LXXXIX Department of Technical Sciences Volume 10/1 FOSSIL FLORA AND FAUNA OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA Ivan Soklić Ivan Soklić – Fossil Flora and Fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina Original title: Fosilna flora i fauna Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo, Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 2001. Publisher Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina For the Publisher Academician Miloš Trifković Reviewers Dragoljub B. Đorđević Ivan Markešić Editor Enver Mandžić Translation Amra Gadžo Proofreading Amra Gadžo Correction Sabina Vejzagić DTP Zoran Buletić Print Dobra knjiga Sarajevo Circulation 200 Sarajevo 2019 CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 57.07(497.6) SOKLIĆ, Ivan Fossil flora and fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina / Ivan Soklić ; [translation Amra Gadžo]. - Sarajevo : Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina = Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, 2019. - 861 str. : ilustr. ; 25 cm. - (Monographs / Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina ; vol. 89. Department of Technical Sciences ; vol. 10/1) Prijevod djela: Fosilna flora i fauna Bosne i Hercegovine. - Na spor. nasl. str.: Fosilna flora i fauna Bosne i Hercegovine. - Bibliografija: str. 711-740. - Registri. ISBN 9958-501-11-2 COBISS/BIH-ID 8839174 CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................................................ 7 I. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION........................................................................ 15 1. FLORA FOSSILS ..................................................................................................... 15 Cyanophyta ............................................................................................................... 15 Chrysophyta .............................................................................................................. 16 Chlorophyta ............................................................................................................... 22 Charophyta ................................................................................................................ 35 Rhodophyta ............................................................................................................... 36 Lycopsida .................................................................................................................. 42 Arthropsida ................................................................................................................ 43 Pteropsida .................................................................................................................. 45 2. ANIMALIA FOSSILIS ............................................................................................. 93 Protozoa ..................................................................................................................... 93 Spongiae .................................................................................................................. 183 Coelenterata ............................................................................................................. 183 Annelides ................................................................................................................. 215 Arthropoda .............................................................................................................. 216 Mollusca .................................................................................................................. 222 Bryozoa ................................................................................................................... 499 Brachiopoda ............................................................................................................ 502 Echinodermata ......................................................................................................... 533 Protochordata .......................................................................................................... 551 Chordata .................................................................................................................. 562 II. DICTIONARY OF TERMINOLOGY ....................................................................... 595 III. INDEX OF HIGHER SYSTEM UNITS ................................................................... 609 IV. INDEX OF THE GENERA AND SUBGENERA ..................................................... 621 5 V. MAPS OF OCCURRENCES........................................................................................ 647 ARRANGEMENT OF OCCURRENCES BY REGION AND ERATHEM .......... 647 Paleozoic of NW Bosnia ......................................................................................... 649 Mesozoic of NW Bosnia ......................................................................................... 651 Mesozoic of SW Bosnia .......................................................................................... 653 Cenozoic of NW Bosnia .......................................................................................... 655 Cenozoic of SW Bosnia .......................................................................................... 656 Mesozoic of N Bosnia ..............................................................................................659 Paleozoic of NE Bosnia .......................................................................................... 659 Mesozoic of NE Bosnia .......................................................................................... 659 Cenozoic of N Bosnia ............................................................................................. 662 Cenozoic of NE Bosnia ........................................................................................... 664 Paleozoic of E Bosnia ............................................................................................. 669 Paleozoic of E Bosnia ............................................................................................. 670 Mesozoic of E Bosnia ............................................................................................. 671 Mesozoic of SE Bosnia ........................................................................................... 673 Cenozoic of E Bosnia .............................................................................................. 674 Cenozoic of SE Bosnia ............................................................................................ 674 Paleozoic of W part of Central Bosnia .................................................................... 675 Mesozoic of W part of Central Bosnia .................................................................... 676 Mesozoic of E part of Central Bosnia ..................................................................... 678 Mesozoic of S part of Central Bosnia ..................................................................... 679 Cenozoic of W part of Central Bosnia .................................................................... 680 Cenozoic of E part of Central Bosnia ..................................................................... 681 Cenozoic of S part of Central Bosnia ...................................................................... 681 Mesozoic of N Herzegovina .................................................................................... 682 Mesozoic of N Herzegovina .................................................................................... 683 Mesozoic of E Herzegovina .................................................................................... 684 Cenozoic of N Herzegovina .................................................................................... 693 Cenozoic of W Herzegovina ................................................................................... 688 Cenozoic of E Herzegovina .................................................................................... 688 VI. CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHICAL UNITS ................................................................ 691 VII. GLOBAL STRATIGRAPHIC CHART ACCORDING TO THE IUGS ............. 709 VIII. BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................... 711 IX. REGISTER OF OCCURRENCES ........................................................................... 741 6 FOREWORD ABOUT THE TITLE OF THE MONOGRAPH The fossil flora and fauna of a certain geologic unit refer to the collection of all determined species that have been discovered and scientifically thus far examined. In this case, the geologic unit is the part of the sedimentary areas of the Earth’s crust in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which has been explored on the surface or beneath the ground. In this book, there will be a presentation of facts regarding the location of the discoveries and the geological age of about 4000 species of fossil flora and fauna from Bosnia and Herzegovina. These findings were published between 1878 and 1990, primarily in connection with geologic mapping and exploratory drilling. Bosnia and Herzegovina is located in the central areas of the Dinarides as part of the southern mountain range of the Alpine orogeny of Europe. Bosnia and Herzegovina extends from the valley of the River Una in the west to the