2G1330 Mobile and Wireless Network Architectures Period 3, 2007 Lecture notes of G. Q. Maguire Jr. http://web.it.kth.se/~maguire/ For use in conjunction with the text: Yi-Bing Lin and Ai-Chun Pang, Wireless and Mobile All-IP Networks, John Wiley & Sons; 2005, ISBN: 0-471-74922-2. KTH Information and Communication Technology © 1998-2007 G.Q.Maguire Jr. All rights reserved. No part of this course may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the author. Last modified: 2007.01.08:08:39 Maguire Cover.fm Total pages: 1 [email protected] 2007.01.08 1. Introduction ....................................................................... 1 Welcome to the course! ............................................................................ 2 Staff Associated with the Course.............................................................. 3 Instructor (Kursansvarig) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Administrative Assistant: recording of grades, registration, etc. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 Learning Outcomes................................................................................... 4 Prerequisites.............................................................................................. 5 Contents .................................................................................................... 6 Topics ....................................................................................................... 7 Examination requirements........................................................................ 8 Project....................................................................................................... 9 Assignment Registration and Report...................................................... 10 Literature................................................................................................. 11 Lecture Plan............................................................................................ 12 Context of the course.............................................................................. 13 Internet Architecture............................................................................... 14 More complete Architecture................................................................... 15 Internetworking....................................................................................... 16 Maguire 2 of 30 [email protected] 2007.01.17 Mobile and Wireless Network Architectures Examples of internetworking.................................................................. 17 Personal Communication Systems (PCS)............................................... 18 High Tier and Low Tier Cellular, and Cordless ..................................... 19 Cellular Telephony ................................................................................. 20 Low Tier Cellular and Cordless Telephony........................................... 21 Mobile Data ............................................................................................ 22 Paging ..................................................................................................... 23 Specialized Mobile Radio (SMR)........................................................... 24 Satellite ................................................................................................... 25 Wideband systems .................................................................................. 26 Local Metropolitan Area Networks (LMDS) ......................................... 27 Point-to-Point Optical links .................................................................... 28 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).............................................. 29 Short range radio..................................................................................... 30 Ultrawideband - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 30 From PANs to RANs.............................................................................. 31 Trend: Increasing Data Rates.................................................................. 32 GSM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 Maguire 3 of 30 [email protected] 2007.01.17 Mobile and Wireless Network Architectures High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 GPRS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 Wireless LAN- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 Trends: Shifting from traditional telecommunications to data communications 33 Basic Personal Communication System (PCS) network architecture .... 34 Example of a PCS Architecture.............................................................. 35 PCS network architecture supporting Mobility ...................................... 36 Mobility Management ............................................................................ 37 Mobility Management Protocols ............................................................ 38 Macro- vs. Micro-mobility ..................................................................... 39 Getting Service ....................................................................................... 40 Locating the user..................................................................................... 41 Handoff Management: Detection & Assignment ................................... 42 Handoff/Handover/Automatic Link Transfer......................................... 43 Handoff Criteria...................................................................................... 44 Handoff Goals......................................................................................... 45 When to make the decision?................................................................... 46 Reality is more complex ......................................................................... 47 Maguire 4 of 30 [email protected] 2007.01.17 Mobile and Wireless Network Architectures Who makes the handoff decision?.......................................................... 49 Inter-BS Handoff (aka inter-cell handoff) .............................................. 50 What happens if there are insufficient resources at new AP? ................ 51 Inter-system Handoff (aka inter-MSC handoff) ..................................... 52 What happens if the mobile moves gain? .............................................. 53 Fast Mobile IPv4 handoff via Simultaneous Bindings........................... 54 Fast handover timeline............................................................................ 55 Roaming.................................................................................................. 56 User roaming ......................................................................................... 57 Roaming Management............................................................................ 58 Roaming example ................................................................................... 59 Of course it couldn’t be this simple!....................................................... 60 Call delivery ........................................................................................... 61 CT2 ......................................................................................................... 62 Back to: Who makes the handoff decision? ........................................... 63 Network controlled handoff (NCHO)..................................................... 64 Mobile assisted handoff (MAHO).......................................................... 65 Maguire 5 of 30 [email protected] 2007.01.17 Mobile and Wireless Network Architectures Mobile controlled handoff (MCHO) ...................................................... 66 Handover Failures................................................................................... 68 Channel Assignment............................................................................... 69 Channel Assignment Process.................................................................. 70 Handoff Management: Radio Link Transfer .......................................... 71 Handoff frequency.................................................................................. 73 Soft handoff in multiple forms ............................................................... 74 Paging ..................................................................................................... 75 Pager ....................................................................................................... 76 Paging Architecture ................................................................................ 77 Paging Service area................................................................................. 78 Introduction of paging systems . 79 Alphanumeric paging systems