Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information Optogenetics From Neuronal Function to Mapping and Disease Biology Discovered little more than a decade ago, optogenetics – a revolutionary techni- que combining optical and genetic methods to observe and control the function of neurons – is now a widely used research tool. Optogenetics-driven research has led to insights into Parkinson’s disease and other neurological and psychiatric disorders. With contributions from leaders and innovators from both academia and industry, this volume explores the discovery and application of optogenetics, from the basic science to its potential clinical use. Chapters cover a range of optogenetics applications, including for brain circuits, plasticity, memory, learn- ing, sleep, vision and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Providing authoritative coverage of the huge potential that optogenetics research carries, this is an ideal resource for researchers and graduate students and those working in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries and in a clinical setting. K RISHNARAO A PPASANI is the Founder and Chief Executive Officer of GeneExpression Systems, a global conference-producing organization focusing on biomedical and physical sciences. He is an award-winning scientist, Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology and the editor of Genome-Wide Association Studies: From Polymorphism to Personalized Medicine (2016), Epigenomics: From Chromatin Biology to Therapeutics (2012), MicroRNAs: From Basic Science to Disease Biology (2007) and RNA Interference: From Basic Science to Drug Development (2005), all published by Cambridge University Press. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information Optogenetics FROM NEURONAL FUNCTION TO MAPPING AND DISEASE BIOLOGY Edited by Krishnarao Appasani GeneExpression Systems, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA Foreword by Georg Nagel University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi – 110002, India 79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107053014 10.1017/9781107281875 © Cambridge University Press 2017 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2017 Printed in the United Kingdom by TJ International Ltd. Padstow Cornwall in March 2017 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Appasani, Krishnarao, 1959– editor. Title: Optogenetics : from neuronal function to mapping and disease biology / edited by Krishnarao Appasani, GeneExpression Systems, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA. Description: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2016058565 | ISBN 9781107053014 Subjects: LCSH: Light – Physiological effect. | Cells. | Tissues – Optical properties. | Biotechnology. Classification: LCC QH642 .O68 2017 | DDC 571.4/55–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016058565 ISBN 978-1-107-05301-4 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information Dedicated to: The late Francis H. C. Crick (1916–2004) 1962 Nobel Laureate Medicine or Physiology British-born legendary scientist, atheist, co-discoverer of DNA double helix, and a futurist, who foresaw (a new field) in which light might have the properties to serve as a tool to control one type of cell in the brain. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information Contents List of Contributors page x Foreword by Georg Nagel xxi Preface xxv I Optogenetics in Model Organisms 1 1 Introduction to Optogenetics: From Neuronal Function to Mapping and Disease Biology Krishnarao Appasani and Raghu K. Appasani 3 2 Uncovering Key Neurons for Manipulation in Mammals Boris V. Zemelman 18 3 From Connectome to Function: Using Optogenetics to Shed Light on the Caenorhabditis elegans Nervous System Koutarou D. Kimura and Karl Emanuel Busch 37 4 From Synapse to Behavior: Optogenetic Tools for the Investigation of the Caenorhabditis elegans Nervous System Jatin Nagpal 55 5 Using Optogenetics In Vivo to Stimulate Regeneration in Xenopus laevis Dany S. Adams, Ai-Sun Tseng, and Michael Levin 66 II Opsin Biology, Tools, and Technology Platform 77 6 Sodium and Engineered Potassium Light-Driven Pumps Vitaly Shevchenko, Ivan Gushchin, Vitaly Polovinkin, Kirill Kovalev, Taras Balandin, Valentin Borshchevskiy, and Valentin Gordeliy 79 7 Methods for Simultaneous Electrophysiology and Optogenetics In Vivo Yonatan Katz and Ilan Lampl 93 8 Application of an Optogenetic Technique to a Study of Activity-dependent Axon Growth in the Developing Cortex Olga Malyshevskaya and Nobuhiko Yamamoto 109 vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information viii Contents 9 Development of an Optogenetic Tool to Regulate Protein Stability In Vivo Christian Renicke and Christof Taxis 118 10 Photoactivatable Nucleotide Cyclases for Synthetic Photobiology Applications Marc Folcher 132 11 Bioluminescence Activation of Light-sensing Molecules Ute Hochgeschwender 151 III Optogenetics in Neurobiology, Brain Circuits, and Plasticity 167 12 Optogenetics for Neurological Disorders: What Is the Path to the Clinic? William F. Kaemmerer 169 13 Optogenetic Control of Astroglia Anja G. Teschemacher and Sergey Kasparov 181 14 Optogenetics for Neurohormones and Neuropeptides: Focus on Oxytocin Yan Tang, Jérô me Wahis, Meggane Melchior, Valery Grinevich, and Alexandre Charlet 196 15 Optogenetic Approaches to Investigating Brain Circuits Alexander M. Herman, Jay M. Patel, and Benjamin R. Arenkiel 206 16 Optogenetic Mapping of Neuronal Connections and their Plasticity Michael M. Kohl and Dennis Kätzel 224 IV Optogenetics in Learning, Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and Behavior 239 17 Optogenetics to Study Reward Learning and Addiction Andrea L. Gutman and Ryan T. LaLumiere 241 18 Optogenetics and the Dissection of Neural Circuits Underlying Depression and Substance-use Disorders Barbara Juarez, Allyson K. Friedman, and Ming-Hu Han 257 19 Optogenetics Research in Behavioral Neuroscience: Insights into the Brain Basis of Reward Learning and Goal-directed Behavior Adam C. G. Crego, Stephen E. Chang, William N. Butler, and Kyle S. Smith 276 20 Toward an Optogenetic Therapy for Epilepsy Jan Tønnesen, Marco Ledri, and Merab Kokaia 292 21 Using Optogenetics and Stem Cell-derived Neural Engraftment Techniques to Restore Lost Motor Function J. Barney Bryson and Linda Greensmith 308 V Optogenetics in Vision Restoration and Memory 325 22 Optogenetics in Treating Retinal Disease Dasha Nelidova and Federico Esposti 327 23 Optogenetics for Vision Recovery: From Traditional to Designer Optogenetic Tools Sonja Kleinlogel 337 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05301-4 — Optogenetics Edited by Krishnarao Appasani Frontmatter More Information Contents ix 24 A Promise of Vision Restoration Grégory Gauvain, Antoine Chaffiol, Jens Duebel, and Serge A. Picaud 356 25 Holographic Optical Neural Interfacing with Retinal Neurons Adi Schejter Bar-Noam, Inna Gefen, and Shy Shoham 371 26 Strategies for Restoring Vision by Transducing a Channelrhodopsin Gene into Retinal Ganglion Cells Hiroshi Tomita and Eriko Sugano 382 27 Optogenetic Dissection of a Top-down Prefrontal to Hippocampus Memory Circuit Priyamvada Rajasethupathy 393 VI Optogenetics in Sleep, Prosthetics, and Epigenetics of Neurodegenerative Diseases 405 28 Optogenetic Dissection of Sleep–Wake Control: Evidence for a Thalamic Control of Sleep Architecture Charles-Francois Vincent Latchoumane and Hee-Sup Shin 407 29 Optogenetics and Auditory Implants Jenny X. Chen, Elliott Kozin, M. Christian Brown, and Daniel J. Lee 421 30 Optogenetic Stimulation for Cochlear Prosthetics Victor H. Hernandez Gonzalez and Tobias Moser 442 31 The Role of Amino Acids in Neurodegenerative and Addictive Diseases Joan Fallon 453 32 Optogenetics