Backup Teknologi Cheat Sheet by Hbak via cheatography.com/67474/cs/17315/ MBR vs GPT Disk Volumes (cont) MBR (Master Boot Record) GPT (GUID Partition Table) Spann​ Mulitple volumes on multiple disk is viewed as one. When the volume on one disk is full, the remaining data is allocated to the Max. 4 primary partions, or 3 Nearly unlimited number of ed next disk. primary partitions and 1 extended partitions. Not fault tolerant. partition Limited to 128 partitions in Windows. Strip​ ed​ Multiple disks (min. two) of equal size, is viewed as one. Data is distrib​ uted evenly across all disks to increase Max. 2TB disk with 512B sector. Up to 18EB on both 512B and 4KB /RAID performance. Up to 16TB with 4KB sector sectors 0 Not fault tolerant. Not able to check if partition has Able to check if primary partitions Mirro​ re​ Data is copied across multiple disks of equal size. been corrupted. table is corrupted. d/RAID Only 50% of the total volume is available. Not able to restore corrupted Able to restore corrupted partition. 1 Fault tolerant. partition. RAID 5 Multiple disks (min. three) of equal size is viewed as one. Not able to restore corrupted Able to restore corrupted partition. Data is distrib​ uted evenly across all disks. partition. A parity is created on each disk, in order to restore data if one Supports all OS. Read & Write is only supported on disk malefunctions. Windows 64-bit OS and . Fault tolerant. Boot is only supported on Windows RAID Combines the features of RAID 0 and RAID 1 to provide high 64-bit OS (except XP x64) with 10 perform​ ance with fault tolerance. UEFI. Linux & Mac OS X10.6+ only (1+0) support these feature if UEFI is available. Types of Backup Full Backup Make a copy of all the data, to another media. Basic & Dynamic Disks Takes a long time to create, but reduces the time to Basic Disk Dynamic Disk recover. Full backup must be performed. Used to create & delete partitions on Able to create volumes that ​ ​ one disk span multiple disks. Differential Only works together with full backup. Backup Creates a backup of all the changes since the last full Used to create & delete logical drives Able to create fault tolerant backup. within extended partitions volumes. Less time to create, than full backup, but more time to Works with both MBR and GPT Works with both MBR and recover. GPT. Disk Volumes Simple A single block of space from a single disk. Not fault tolerant. Exten​ ded Multiple volumes on the same disk is viewed as one. Not fault toelrant. By Hbak Not published yet. Sponsored by Readability-Score.com cheatography.com/hbak/ Last updated 5th October, 2018. Measure your website readability! Page 1 of 3. https://readability-score.com Backup Teknologi Cheat Sheet by Hbak via cheatography.com/67474/cs/17315/ Types of Backup (cont) File Systems (cont) Incre​ me Unlike differe​ ntial backup, increme​ ntal backup, only backup the NTFS (NT File NTFS supports file permissions. ntal data which has been changed since last full backup or last Systems) Change journal that can quickly recover errors if the Backup increme​ ntal backup. computer crashes. Fastest backup to create, but slowest backup to recover. Shadow copies for backups. Encrypt​ ion, disk quota limits, hard links. File Systems Supports almost unlimited file size. Only fully compatible with Windows. FAT (File FAT provides an operating system with a map over ReFS (Resilient Microso​ ft's newest file system. Allocation Table) the clusters, on which a file is stored. Designed to support extremly large amount of data. FAT increases the life of a hard disc, since it File System) Reliable corruption detection. reduces the amount of time psysical seeking is Automat​ ically repair corruption on mirror and parity required. volumes without downtime. All FAT-sys​ tems has a max file size of 4GB. Removes corrupted data from namespace if no FAT32 Supports drives up to 2TB in size, where its copy of data exists. ​ predecessor only supported 2GB. Detects possible corruption and initiates proactivly FAT32 is compatible with every Windows, Mac and repairs it. Linux system. Used mostly in USB-dri​ ves. Disk Quota exFAT (Extended Supports files above 4GB. Can only be used on NTFS volumes. File Allocation Compatible with Windows and newer versions of Table) MAC (software is needed to run on Linux). Can track and restrict the amount of space a user can use. Is set on volumes, not files or folders. Each individual user can be given different size available space. The default adminis​ trator account cannot be given a quota. FSRM (File Server Resource Manager) Is enabled on volumes and folders, but not files. There are two types of quotas: Hard: Set a limit on the amount of space that the content can use in a volume or folder. Soft: Tracks the disk space used, but doesn't limit it. By Hbak Not published yet. Sponsored by Readability-Score.com cheatography.com/hbak/ Last updated 5th October, 2018. Measure your website readability! Page 2 of 3. https://readability-score.com Backup Teknologi Cheat Sheet by Hbak via cheatography.com/67474/cs/17315/ FSRM (File Server Resource Manager) (cont) Windows Backup (cont) Both types can notify when a percentage of the limit is reached. Non-C​ rit​ ical Volumes: Files, applica​ tions and data. Quotas can be created customly in each volume and folder, or a template Can save backups on the following storage types: can be used. Local Disk: Templates can be used to define space limit, notific​ ation thresholds and Allows backup of all volume types and individual datafiles actions. Has a max. of 512 copies on one disk. Templates can be enforced on subfold​ ers, both current and future. Disk used for backup is not visible and can't be used for saving data. A quota can be created from a template, to deviate from it. The modified External Disk: quota doesn't modify the template. Allows backup of all types of volumes and individual datafiles Disk is not visible FSRM can create file screen. Can use multiple disks. File screens prevents specific types of files to be saved on a volume or Shared Folder: folder. Allows backup of all types of volumes and individual datafiles, Backups File screens are enabled on volumes and folders, but not to specific users. are not saved consecu​ tively unless stored in individual subfold​ ers. There are two types of file screens: DVD: Active: Only allows backup of volumes. Prevents the chosen file type from being saved. Critical volumes can be used for system restore. Volume is compressed on the DVD Passive: Can span multiple disks. Monitors file types, but doesn't prevent them from being saved. The followiing types of backups can be made: Like quotas, file screens can also send notific​ ati​ ons, and use predefined templates. Autom​ atic Backup: Runs by default once every day, use wbadmin disable backup to VSS (Volume Shadow copy Service) disable this. To change the automatic backup run the Task Schedul​ er and type Able to backup a volume while it is still being written on. wbadmin start backup. Supported on Windows XP/Windows Server 2003 and later. Need to determine where to place the backup. It is enabled on a volume, not on files and folders. Can only be used on local or external disks. Up to 64 copies can be stored on the system, and by default they are Manuel Backup: saved on the same volume. When the limit is reached, the oldest copies Can create backups on all mentioned storage types. are deleted first. Can recover individual files and folders from backups on local and shared folders. By default, 10% of a volume is used for storing shadow copies. Local disk is automat​ ically chosen if not changed. Two snapshots are taken by the data on a volume each day. Use as supplement for scheduled backups. System State Backup from Command Line: Windows Backup Created with the command wbadmin start systemstatebackup. Uses VSS and block-l​ evel backup. Can only be stored on local or external disk. Doesn't need to run every increme​ ntal backup, just select the date you Only used to recover system state and system application. want the backup from. Can only be scheduled with a script. Can recover the data on the same or a new machine. Automat​ ically reuse the space of old backups, when it creates a new. Backup volumes, not files or directo​ ries. Following volumes can be backed up (must be on a local disk and NTFS- fo​ rma​ tted): Full Server: Includes all volumes. Best practice. Critical Volumes: The operating system. By Hbak Not published yet. Sponsored by Readability-Score.com cheatography.com/hbak/ Last updated 5th October, 2018. Measure your website readability! Page 3 of 3. https://readability-score.com.