van goedere tussen globale en streeks­­ ekonomieë deur verbeterde logistiek op die plaaslike skaal ondersteun word. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die aanname Published by the UFS dat langtermyn belegging in lughawe- http://journals.ufs.ac.za/index.php/trp infrastruktuur en verwante nywerheids­­ © Creative Commons With Attribution (CC-BY) How to cite: Hansmann, R. 2019. Specialised airport infrastructure to support connectivity: The case of Dube gebruike voldoende voorwaardes is om Tradeport, eThekwini Municipality, South Africa. Town and Regional planning, no.74, pp. 36-50. handel met groeiende markte suid van die Sahara te ondersteun. ’n Gevallestudie- Specialised airport infrastructure to support benadering, insluitende onderhoude, waarnemings, en dokumentresensies is connectivity: The case of Dube Tradeport, eThekwini onderneem om lugvragontwikkeling by Municipality, South Africa DTP in die eThekwini Munisipaliteit beter te verstaan. Vorige studies oor DTP het gekyk na hoe ruimte in die omgewing van Robynne Hansmann die lughawe gevorm word deur bestuurs- en eienaarskapsreëlings. Hierdie studie fokus op hoe ’n doelgebaseerde lughawe met gebiede wat gespesialiseerde infra- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/2415-0495/trp74i1.4 struktuur en verwante gebruike bevat, Revised April 2019, Published 30 June 2019 in wisselwerking met die vloei van *The author declared no conflict of interest for this title or article goedere verskil van passasier strome. Bevindings dui daarop dat, terwyl DTP ’n rol speel in die aantrek van buite landse Abstract en plaaslike beleggings en verwante South Africa’s policy framework is firmly committed to an infrastructure-led development handel, het strukturele handels dinamika path in order to support inclusive and widespread growth. The implementation of large- ’n impak op Afrika-konnektiwiteit in die scale transportation infrastructure spent on ports, road, rail and airports is positioned to beweging van goedere tussen globale en support multi-scaled growth through trade in sub-Saharan Africa. Convergence of policy streeksekonomieë. and practice-based research findings make a strong case for increasing international Sleutelwoorde: Groenvelde, logistiek, trade in, and within sub-Saharan Africa, through improved international connectivity, lughawe-infrastruktuur, lugvrag regional integration and logistics as a strategy for shifting the growth potential of the region. The development of Dube TradePort (DTP), including King Shaka International Airport (KSIA), was based on the rationale that airports support trade and the movement MERALO YA MOTHEO E of goods between global and regional economies, through improved logistics at the IKGETHILENG YA BOEMAFOFANE local level. This article interrogates the assumption that long-term investment in HO TSHEHETSA DIKGOKAHANO: airport infrastructure and related industrial uses are sufficient preconditions to support TABA YA DUBE TRADEPORT, trade with the expanding sub-Saharan markets. A case study approach, including ETHEKWINI MUNICIPALITY, interviews, observations, and document reviews, was used to better understand air- cargo development at DTP in eThekwini Municipality. Previous studies on DTP have SOUTH AFRICA investigated how space is shaped in the vicinity of the airport through governance Molawana wa moralo wa Afrika Borwa o and ownership arrangements. This study focuses on how a purpose-built airport with inehetse ka botlalo ho tsela ya ntshetsopele precincts, containing specialised infrastructure and related uses, interacts with the flow e etelletsweng pele ke meralo ya motheo of goods as distinct from passenger flows. Findings suggest that, while DTP plays bakeng sa ho tshehetsa kgolo e nang le a role in attracting foreign and local investment and related trade, structural trade kenyelletso le e phatlalletseng. Ketsahatso dynamics are impacting on African connectivity in the movement of goods between ya sekala se seholo sa meralo ya global and regional economies. motheo ya transporoto e sebedisitsweng boemakepeng, tseleng, diporong le Keywords: Air cargo, airport infrastructure, Greenfields, logistics boemafofaneng, e beilwe ho tshehetsa kgolo ya “multi-scaled” ka kgwebisano ka GESPESIALISEERDE LUGHAWE-INFRASTRUKTUUR OM KONNEKSIE hare ho sub-Saharan Africa. Kopano ya TE ONDERSTEUN: DUBE TRADEPORT GEVALLESTUDIE, ETHEKWINI- molawana le diphumano tsa dipatlisiso tse itshetlehileng hodima ketsahatso, MUNISIPALITEIT, SUID-AFRIKA di etsa taba e tsitsitseng bakeng sa ho Die Suid-Afrikaanse beleidsraamwerk is stewig verbind tot ’n infrastruktuur- geleide eketsa kgwebisano ya matjhabatjhaba ontwikkelings pad om inklusiewe en wydverspreide groei te ondersteun. Die implemen- mona le ka hare ho sub-Saharan Africa, tering van groot skaalse vervoerinfrastruktuurbesteding op hawens, paaie, treine en le ka dikgokahano tse ntlafaditsweng tsa lughawens is geposisioneer om multi-skaalgroei te ondersteun deur handel in Afrika matjhabatjhaba, le kopano ya lebatowa suid van die Sahara. Konvergensie van beleids- en praktyk gebaseerde navorsings- le tlhophiso tse hlokahalang ho etsa hore bevindings maak ’n sterk saak vir die toenemende internasionale handel in en binne Afrika tshebetso e atlehe (logistics), jwalo ka suid van die Sahara deur verbeterde internasionale konnektiwiteit, streeks integrasie leano bakeng sa ho tjhetjhisa kgonahalo en logistiek as ’n strategie vir die verskuiwing van groei potensiaal van die streek. ya kgolo ya lebatowa. Ntshetsopele ya Die ontwikkeling van Dube TradePort (DTP), insluitende die King Shaka Internasionale Dube TradePort (DTP), ho kenyelletswa Lughawe (KSIA), was gebaseer op die rasionaal dat lughawehandel en die beweging King Shaka International Airport (KSIA), Ms Robynne (R.) Hansmann, Lecturer, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa. Phone: 0313732666, e-mail: <[email protected]> DOI: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-2357 SSB/TRP/MDM 2019 (74):36-50 | ISSN 1012-280 | e-ISSN 2415-0495 36 Robynne Hansmann • Specialised airport infrastructure to support connectivity: The case of Dube Tradeport, eThekwini Municipality, South Africa di ne di itshetlehile hodima motheo wa na le tshwaetso kgokahanong ya Afrika economies. While ports play a hore maemafofane a tshehetsa kgwebo bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa mahareng dominant role in the amount of goods le tsamao ya thepa dipakeng tsa moruo a lefatshe ka bophara le lebatoweng. moving between international and wa lefatshe lohle le wa lebatowa, ka local trade, airports are significant ditlhophiso tse ntlafaditsweng tse hlokahalang ho etsa hore tshebetso e 1. INTRODUCTION AND in the value of these high-value, atlehe (improved logistics) boemong RESEARCH PROBLEM perishable and time-sensitive ba selehae. goods. Air cargo accounts for less Airports have attracted substantial Atikele ena e botsollotsa monahano than 1% of the world trade tonnage critiques from planners relating wa hore letsete/peheletso ya tjhelete and 35% of the world trade value, ya nako e telele meralong ya motheo to privatisation of spaces and over half of air cargo is moved ya boemafofane le ditshebediso tse (Freestone, 2011), abetting sprawl internationally in dedicated freighters amanang le indasteri, ke ditlhoko tse (O’Connor, 2003), problematic as opposed to wide-belly passenger lekaneng bakeng sa ho tshehetsa land-use interfaces (Stevens planes (Boeing, 2017: 6). Although kgwebo le dimmaraka ka hare ho sub- & Baker, 2013), and reduced Saharan Africa. Mokgwa wa thuto ya international trade is, to a large mehlala, ho kenyelletswa le diinthaviu, environmental amenity (Charles, extent, sea-based and a small ditemoho, le tekolobotjha ya ditaba tse Barnes, Ryan & Clayton, 2007). volume is moved by air, the landside ngotsweng, di sebedisitswe ho utlwisisa Considering the strategic spatial modal choices between air, road and hantle ntshetsopele ya air-cargo ho planning decisions at Dube rail to distribute within the agreed DTP eThekwini Municipality. Dithuto TradePort (DTP) and King Shaka price, time and quality parameters tse fetileng ho DTP di entse diphuputso International Airport (KSIA), this tsa hore na sebaka se bopilwe fall within the field of logistics jwang sebakeng sa boemafofane ka article focuses on DTP’s stated and supply chain management. ditlhophiso tsa tsamaiso ya puso le intention to improve foreign and local On the landside, the geography of monga sona. Thuto ena e tsepamisitse investment through airport-related distributing freight combined with maikutlo hodima boemafofane bo infrastructure. The performance dispersed production across cities ahilweng ka lebaka la dipehelo tse nang of trade emanating from the creates city-wide land-use challenges le meralo e kgethehileng ya motheo le local investment is considered in for managing logistics-related growth. mabaka a amehang; di kopana le ho terms of contradictory dynamics falliswa ha thepa jwalo ka ha di fapane Geographically, airfreight demand impacting on connectivity in Africa. le ho falliswa ha batho. Diphumano di is highly concentrated, with hlahisa hore, le ha DTP e bapala karolo Air transportation plays an integral approximately 85% of scheduled bakeng sa ho hohela letsete/peheletso ya tjhelete e tswang kantle le ya part in production and distribution freighter flights operating selehae, mmoho le kgwebo e amehang; networks supporting the movement from 50 cargo airports across ho fetoha ha sebopeho kgwebong ho of goods between global and local North America, Asia, and Europe (Boeing, 2017: 6).