Java By Example Clayton Walnum C O N T E N T S Introduction ● Who This Book Is For ● Hardware and Software Requirements ● Compiling the Programs in This Book ● A Word to the Wise ● On to the Wonderful World of Java Chapter 1 Java Overview ● The Java Story ● Introducing Java ● Java Programs ● The Java Developer's Kit ● Where Is Java? ● Example: Installing HotJava ● Example: Installing the JDK ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 2 Running Java Applets ● The Sample Java Applets ❍ The Appletviewer Tool ❍ Example: Running TicTacToe ❍ The Animator Applet ❍ The BarChart Applet ❍ Other Demo Applets ● Adding Applets to an HTML Document ❍ Optional Attributes for Applets ❍ Applet Parameters ❍ Non-Java Browsers ❍ Example: A Java-Powered Home Page ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 3 Applets and the Internet ● Local and Remote Applets ❍ Local Applets ❍ Remote Applets ● Clients and Servers ● Security ● Example: Your Pages on the Web ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 4 Object-Oriented Programming Concepts ● From Switches to Objects ● An Obvious, Yet Brilliant, Solution ● Object-Oriented Programming ❍ Encapsulation ❍ Classes as Data Types ❍ Inheritance ❍ Polymorphism ❍ Example: Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 5 Constants and Variables ● Constants ● Variables ● Naming Constants and Variables ● Example: Creating Your Own Identifiers ● Data Types ❍ Integer Values ❍ Floating-Point Values ❍ Character Values ❍ Boolean Values ● Variable Scope ❍ Example: Determining a Variable's Scope ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 6 Simple Input and Output ● Windows and Graphics ● Displaying Text in an Applet ❍ Example: Creating and Running Applet1 ❍ How Applet1 Works ● Getting Input from the User ❍ How Applet2 Works ❍ Example: Retrieving text from a TextField control ❍ How Applet3 Works ● Displaying Numerical Values ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 7 Math Operators ● The Addition Operator ❍ Example: Using the Addition Operator ❍ Example: Multiple Additions ● The Subtraction Operator ❍ Example: Using the Subtraction Operator ❍ Example: Multiple Subtractions Using Mixed Data Types ❍ Example: Casting a Result to a Different Data Type ● The Multiplication Operator ❍ Example: Multiplication and Data Types ● The Division Operator ❍ Example: Integer Versus Floating-Point Division ● The Modulo Operator ● The Increment Operator ● The Decrement Operator ● Example: Using Mathematical Calculations in an Applet ❍ How Applet5 Works ● The Order of Operations ❍ Example: Order of Operations ❍ Example: More Order of Operations ❍ Example: Still More Order of Operations ❍ Example: One Last Order of Operations ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 8 Expressions ● Types of Expressions ● Expressions Within Expressions ● Comparison Operators ❍ Example: Using Comparison Operators ● Logical Operators ❍ Example: Using Logical Operators ❍ Example: Using Multiple Logical Operators ❍ Example: Combining Different Comparison and Logical Operators ● Writing Logical Expressions ● Order of Operations ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 9 The if and switch Statements ● Controlling Program Flow ● Program Flow and Branching ● The if statement ❍ Example: The Form of an if Statement ❍ Multiple if Statements ❍ Multiple-Line if Statements ❍ The else Clause ❍ Example: Using the if Statement in a Program ● The switch Statement ❍ Example: Using the break Statement Correctly ❍ Example: Using the switch Statement in a Program ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 10 The while and do-while Loops ● The while Loop ❍ Example: Using a while Loop ❍ Example: Using a while Loop in a Program ● The do-while Loop ❍ Example: Using a do-while Loop ❍ Example: Using a do-while Loop in a Program ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 11 The for Loop ● Introducing the for Loop ● Example: Using a for Loop ● Example: Using a for Loop in a Program ● Changing the Increment Value ● Example: Looping with Different Increments ● Using Variables in Loops ● Example: Controlling for Loops with Variables ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 12 Functions ● The Top-Down Approach to Programming ● Example: Using Functions as Subroutines ● Defining and Calling Functions ● Example: Using Functions to Return Values ● Example: Putting Functions to Work ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 13 Arrays ● An Introduction to Arrays ❍ Example: Creating an Array ❍ Example: Using a Variable as a Subscript ● Multidimensional Arrays ❍ Example: Creating a Two-Dimensional Array ● Example: Using Two-Dimensional Arrays in an Applet ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 14 Classes ● Classes and Objects ❍ Defining a Simple Class ❍ Declaring Fields for a Class ❍ Defining a Constructor ❍ Example: Creating an Object by Calling a Constructor ❍ Defining Methods ● Example: Using Classes in Applets ● Understanding the Applet ● Using Inheritance ❍ Creating a Subclass ❍ Adding Fields and Methods to the Subclass ❍ Example: Adding Fields and Methods ● Example: Using a Subclass in a Program ● Overriding Methods of the Superclass ● The this Keyword ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 15 Writing a Simple Applet ● The Simplest Java Applet ● The Five Stages of an Applet's Life Cycle ● Example: Overriding the Life Cycle Methods ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 16 Drawing Graphics ● The Applet's Canvas ● Example: Using the Coordinate System ● Drawing Shapes ● Example: Drawing a Rectangle ● Example: Drawing Other Shapes ● Understanding the ShapeApplet Applet ❍ Drawing Ovals ❍ Drawing Arcs ❍ Example: Drawing Arcs in an Applet ❍ Drawing Polygons ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 17 Graphical Text ● Dealing with Graphical Text ❍ Getting Font Attributes ❍ Example: Displaying Font Information ❍ Getting Font Metrics ❍ Example: Displaying Font Metrics ● Creating Fonts ❍ Example: Creating a Font with Multiple Styles ❍ Using the Font ❍ Example: Displaying Different Sized Fonts ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 18 Label and Button Controls ● Labels ❍ Example: Creating a Label ❍ Methods of the Label Class ● Buttons ❍ Example: Adding a Button to an Applet ❍ Handling Multiple-Button Events ❍ Example: Handling Multiple Buttons in an Applet ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 19 Checkbox and TextField Controls ● Checkboxes ❍ Example: Creating Nonexclusive Checkboxes ❍ Checkbox Groups ❍ Checkbox Methods ❍ Example: Handling Checkboxes in an Applet ❍ Responding to a Checkbox Event ❍ Example: Handling Checkbox Events in an Applet ● TextFields ❍ TextField Methods ❍ Example: Using Echo Characters ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 20 Choice Menu, Text Area, and Scrolling List Controls ● Choice Menus ❍ Example: Creating a Choice Menu ❍ Choice Menu Methods ❍ Example: Responding to Menu Events in an Applet ● Scrolling Lists ❍ Example: Creating a Single-Selection List ❍ Example: Creating a Multiple-Selection List ❍ Example: Creating a Scrolling List ❍ Methods of the List Class ❍ Example: Using a Scrolling List in an Applet ● The TextArea Control ❍ Example: Creating a TextArea Control ❍ Methods of the TextArea Class ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 21 Scrollbar and Canvas Controls ● Scrollbars ❍ Example: Creating a Scrollbar ❍ Responding to a Scrollbar ❍ Example: Using a Scrollbar in an Applet ❍ Canvases ❍ Example: Using a Canvas in an Applet ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 22 Panels and Layout Managers ● Panels ❍ Example: Creating and Using Panels ● Layout Managers ● The FlowLayout Manager ❍ Example: Creating a FlowLayout Manager ● The GridLayout Manager ❍ Creating a GridLayout Manager ● The BorderLayout Manager ❍ Creating a BorderLayout Manager ● The CardLayout Manager ❍ The CardLayout Manager Methods ❍ Example: Creating a CardLayout Manager ● The GridBagLayout Manager ❍ Creating and Setting the GridBagLayout Manager ❍ Creating and Setting a GridBagConstraints Object ❍ Example: Using a GridBagLayout Manager in an Applet ❍ Understanding the GridBagApplet Applet ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 23 Windows and Menu Bars ● Displaying a Window ❍ Example: Displaying a Window in an Applet ❍ Example: Creating a Window Class ❍ Example: Adding Components to a Window ● Using Menu Bars ❍ Creating and Setting a MenuBar Object ❍ Adding Menus to a Menu Bar ❍ Adding Menu Items to Menus ❍ Example: Using a Menu Bar in a Frame Window ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 24 Dialog Boxes ● Using a Dialog Box ❍ Creating the Dialog Box ❍ Creating the Dialog Box's Layout ❍ Displaying the Dialog Box ❍ Removing the Dialog Box ❍ Methods of the Dialog Class ❍ Example: A Dialog Box for Text Input ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 25 Mouse and Keyboard Events ● The Event Object ● The Mouse ❍ Handling Mouse Clicks ❍ Example: Using Mouse Clicks in an Applet ❍ Handling Mouse Movement ❍ Example: Responding to Mouse Movement in an Applet ● The Keyboard ❍ Responding to Key Presses ❍ Predefined Key Constants ❍ Key Modifiers ❍ Example: Using Key Presses in an Applet ● Handling Events Directly ❍ Example: Overriding handleEvent() in an Applet ● Summary ● Review Questions ● Review Exercises Chapter 26 Configurable Applets ● Types of Users ● Parameters and Applets ❍ Example: Setting and Retrieving a Parameter's