2 • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Series Editor: Lorenzo Kamel • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) The Remaking of the Euro-Mediterranean Vision The Remaking of the This edited collection is a timely and in-depth perception analysis of Euro-Mediterra- nean relations and the EU policy actions towards the Mediterranean region. Euro-Mediterranean Vision The book takes as its departure point the recent geopolitical developments in the Middle East and North Africa, urging the renewal of a Euro-Mediterranean partner- Challenging Eurocentrism with Local ship while challenging the ‘Eurocentric orientation of EU policies’ – a critical fac- tor which explains why the EU has been unable to adjust its policies to the region’s Perceptions in the Middle East and North Africa Aybars Görgülü & Görgülü Aybars (eds) Kahyaoğlu Dark Gülşah fast-changing complexities. The volume subsequently introduces the findings of an elite survey conducted between 2017–2018 with local stakeholders in 9 countries in • the Mediterranean. The findings and policy recommendations aim to contribute to making EU policies more responsive to major challenges in the region, more flexible on the multilateral and the bilateral level, and more inclusive of key stakeholders. Aybars Görgülü is a founding member and Executive Director at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM). He worked for the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation (TESEV) from 2007 to 2015. Dr Görgülü teaches on Turkey’s foreign policy and Caucasus politics at Istanbul Kültür University and has several publications on Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy issues. The Remaking of the Remaking The Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu is a Project Officer at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM), where she is pursuing research and coordination of projects in the areas of the European Union, the MENA region and migration. Euro-Mediterranean Vision Euro-Mediterranean 2 • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Series Editor: L orenzo Kamel • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) The Remaking of the Euro-Mediterranean Vision The Remaking of the This edited collection is a timely and in-depth perception analysis of Euro-Mediterra- nean relations and the EU policy actions towards the Mediterranean region. Euro-Mediterranean Vision The book takes as its departure point the recent geopolitical developments in the Middle East and North Africa, urging the renewal of a Euro-Mediterranean partner- Challenging Eurocentrism with Local ship while challenging the ‘Eurocentric orientation of EU policies’ – a critical fac- tor which explains why the EU has been unable to adjust its policies to the region’s Perceptions in the Middle East and North Africa Aybars Görgülü & & Görgülü Aybars (eds) Kahyaoğlu Dark Gülşah fast-changing complexities. The volume subsequently introduces the findings of an elite survey conducted between 2017–2018 with local stakeholders in 9 countries in • the Mediterranean. The findings and policy recommendations aim to contribute to making EU policies more responsive to major challenges in the region, more flexible on the multilateral and the bilateral level, and more inclusive of key stakeholders. Aybars Görgülü is a founding member and Executive Director at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM). He worked for the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation (TESEV) from 2007 to 2015. Dr Görgülü teaches on Turkey’s foreign policy and Caucasus politics at Istanbul Kültür University and has several publications on Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy issues. The Remaking of the of the Remaking The Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu is a Project Officer at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM), where she is pursuing research and coordination of projects in the areas of the European Union, the MENA region and migration. Euro-Mediterranean Vision Euro-Mediterranean 2 The Remaking of the Euro-Mediterranean Vision • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Series Editor: L orenzo Kamel • GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY • Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) The Remaking of the Euro-Mediterranean Vision The Remaking of the This edited collection is a timely and in-depth perception analysis of Euro-Mediterra- nean relations and the EU policy actions towards the Mediterranean region. Euro-Mediterranean Vision The book takes as its departure point the recent geopolitical developments in the Middle East and North Africa, urging the renewal of a Euro-Mediterranean partner- Challenging Eurocentrism with Local ship while challenging the ‘Eurocentric orientation of EU policies’ – a critical fac- tor which explains why the EU has been unable to adjust its policies to the region’s Perceptions in the Middle East and North Africa Aybars Görgülü & & & Görgülü Görgülü Aybars Aybars (eds) (eds) Kahyaoğlu Kahyaoğlu Dark Dark Gülşah Gülşah fast-changing complexities. The volume subsequently introduces the findings of an elite survey conducted between 2017–2018 with local stakeholders in 9 countries in • • the Mediterranean. The findings and policy recommendations aim to contribute to making EU policies more responsive to major challenges in the region, more flexible on the multilateral and the bilateral level, and more inclusive of key stakeholders. Aybars Görgülü is a founding member and Executive Director at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM). He worked for the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation (TESEV) from 2007 to 2015. Dr Görgülü teaches on Turkey’s foreign policy and Caucasus politics at Istanbul Kültür University and has several publications on Turkey’s domestic and foreign policy issues. The Remaking of the of the of the Remaking Remaking The The Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu is a Project Officer at the Center for Public Policy and Democracy Studies (PODEM), where she is pursuing research and coordination of projects in the areas of the European Union, the MENA region and migration. Euro-Mediterranean Vision Vision Euro-Mediterranean Euro-Mediterranean GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY Volume 2 Edited by Prof. Lorenzo Kamel, University of Turin’s History Department, and Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) Bern · Berlin · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford GLOBAL POLITICS AND SECURITY Aybars Görgülü & Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu (eds) Volume 2 Edited by Prof. Lorenzo Kamel, The Remaking of the University of Turin’s History Department, and Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) Euro-Mediterranean Vision Challenging Eurocentrism with Local Perceptions in the Middle East and North Africa Bern · Berlin · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford Bern · Berlin · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. This edited book is produced within the MEDRESET Project: A comprehensive, integrated and bottom-up approach to reset our understanding of the Mediterranean space, remap the region and reconstruct inclusive, responsive and flexible EU policies in it. The project is founded within the European Union Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation – INT-06-2015: Re-invigorating the partnership between the two shores of the Mediterranean – grant agreement no. 693055.South ISSN 2624-8905 • ISBN 978-3-631-77568-4 (Print) E-ISBN 978-3-631-77950-7 (E-PDF) • E-ISBN 9978-3-631-77951-4 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-77952-1 (MOBI) • DOI 10.3726/b15448 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0 license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This publication has been peer reviewed. © Aybars Görgülü & Gül ah Dark Kahyao lu, 2019 Peter Langş AG ğ International Academic Publishers Bern Printed in Germany www.peterlang.com Contents Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet Contents at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tables .................................................................................................. 7 A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Abbreviations ...................................................................................... 9 This edited book is produced within the MEDRESET Project: A comprehensive, integrated Aybars Görgülü and bottom-up approach to reset our understanding of the Mediterranean space, remap the region and reconstruct inclusive, responsive and flexible EU policies in it. Preface ............................................................................................... 13 Zeynep Gülöz Bakır and Gülşah Dark Kahyaoğlu Introduction ....................................................................................... 15 Robert P. Parks and Zeynep Gülöz Bakır Chapter 1: An Outlook on Tunisian Elite Stakeholders’ Perspectives on the EU and Its Policy Preferences in Tunisia The project is founded within the European