Center for Global & Strategic Studies, Islamabad By Lieutenant Colonel Khalid Taimur Akram, (Retd) – Executive Director CGSS ................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 ................................................................................................................. 7 ..................................................................................................................................................... 12 .............................................................................................................................. 12 ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 ........................................................................................... 14 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 18 ’ “ ” “ ” ’ 1 D'Souza, Shanthie Mariet. "Shiromani Akali Dal." Encyclopædia Britannica. September 12, 2014. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shiromani-Akali-Dal. 2 Kapur, Rajiv A. Sikh separatism: The politics of faith. Allen & Unwin, 1986. ’ 3 Modi, Parveen K. "FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HARYANA." Haryana Review, December/January 2018, 27-33. 4 Deol, Harnik. Religion and nationalism in India: The case of the Punjab. Routledge, 2003. 5 Singh, Khushwant. A History of the Sikhs. 1839-2004. Oxford Scholarship Online, 2012. ’ . ‘ . 6 Duggal, Devinder Singh. "Anatomy of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution -." Full Text of "Passing". Accessed January 12, 2019. https://archive.org/stream/AnatomyOfTheAnandpurSahibResolutionDevinderSinghDuggal/Anatomy of the Anandpur Sahib Resolution - Devinder Singh Duggal_djvu.txt. 7 Fair, C. Christine. "Diaspora involvement in insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam movements." Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 11, no. 1 (2005): 125-156. 8 “The Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966.” ’ 9 Fair, “Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam Movements.” 10 Haresh Pandya, “Jagjit Singh Chauhan, Sikh Militant Leader in India, Dies at 80 - The New York Times.” 11 Fair, “Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam Movements.” ’ 12 Mahmood, Cynthia Keppley. Fighting for Faith and Nation: Dialogues with Sikh Militants. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997. 13 Haresh Pandya, “Jagjit Singh Chauhan, Sikh Militant Leader in India, Dies at 80 - The New York Times.” 14 Axel, Brian Keith. The Nation's Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh "Diaspora". Duke University Press, 2001. 15 Fair, “Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam Movements.” ’ ’ ’ ’ 16 Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai, Expanding Governmental Lawlessness and Organized Struggles: Violation of ... - Google Books. 17 Chima, Jugdep S. The Sikh Separatist Insurgency in India: Political Leadership and Ethnonationalist Movements. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2010. ’ ’ ’ 18 Ibid. 19 Ghosh and Law Research Institute, Indian Democracy Derailed Politics and Politicians. 20 Das, Dilip K., and Peter C. Kratcoski, eds. Meeting the challenges of global terrorism: Prevention, control, and recovery. Lexington Books, 2002. 21 Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai, Expanding Governmental Lawlessness and Organized Struggles: Violation of ... - Google Books. 22 Martin, Gus. The Sage Encyclopedia of Terrorism. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference, 2011. 23 Singh, Gurharpal. "Sikh Ethnicity and Punjab." Ethnic Conflict in India, 2000, 77-99. doi:10.1057/9780333981771_7. 24 Tatla, Darshan Singh, and Gurharpal Singh. "The Punjabi Press." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 15, no. 2 (1989): 171-84. Accessed January 14, 2019. doi:10.1080/1369183x.1989.9976108. ’ ’ “ ” 25 van Dyke, “The Khalistan Movement in Punjab, India, and the Post-Militancy Era: Structural Change and New Political Compulsions.” 26 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples | United Nations For Indigenous Peoples.” 27 “Sikh Population in India, Percentage of Sikhs in India.” 28 “Pro-Khalistan Slogans Raised on Bluestar Anniversary in Punjab | Deccan Herald.” 29 Gaurav Kumar, “Probable Resurgence of the Khalistan Movement: Role of the the Sikh Diaspora | Science, Technology and Security Forum.” ’ 30 Rahul Kalvapalle, “Sikh Group Plans to Hold Khalistan Referendum Polling in Canadian Cities in 2020 | Globalnews.Ca.” 31 HT Correspondents, “‘Referendum 2020’ Hoardings: Police Plan to Seek Interpol Help on US-Based Sikhs for Justice Men | Punjab | Hindustan Times.” “ ” “ ” “ ” “ ’ “ 32 Dipanjan Roy Chaudhury, “SFJ ‘Referendum’ on Punjab Secession: US Says It’s Freedom of Speech - The Economic Times.” 33 Rahul Kalvapalle, “Sikh Group Plans to Hold Khalistan Referendum Polling in Canadian Cities in 2020 | Globalnews.Ca.” ’ 34 National Household Survey, “The Daily — 2011 National Household Survey: Immigration, Place of Birth, Citizenship, Ethnic Origin, Visible Minorities, Language and Religion.” 35 Sikh Heritage Month Act, 2013". Legislative Assembly of Ontario. Retrieved 6 January 2019. 36 Statistics Canada, “The South Asian Community in Canada.” “ ’ ’ ” “ ” 37 Rahul Kalvapalle, “Sikh Group Plans to Hold Khalistan Referendum Polling in Canadian Cities in 2020 | Globalnews.Ca.” 38 Ishaan Tharoor, “Canada Now Has the World’s Most Sikh Cabinet - The Washington Post.” 39 Douglas Todd, “Douglas Todd: Why Sikhs Are so Powerful in Canadian Politics | Vancouver Sun.” ’ .