SENQU MUNICIPALITY IDP 2017- 2022 Review 2020/21 Final 1 Adopted 29 May 2020 Contents MAYORS FOREWORD................................................................................................................................................................................................ 12 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER ONE: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 1. Spatial Characteristics of the area ................................................................................................................................... 16 1.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 16 1.2. Vegetation types, soil and land cover ............................................................................................... 16 1.3. Geology .............................................................................................................................. 17 1.4. Topography ....................................................................................................................... 17 1.5. Climate .................................................................................................................................... 18 1.6. Water sources .................................................................................................................. 20 2. Environmental Opportunities .......................................................................................................................................... 20 3. Environmental Aspects & Challenges ............................................................................................................................ 21 4. Protection of Natural Assets............................................................................................................................................ 22 5. The Impact of Climate Change ........................................................................................................................................ 22 6. Draft Climate Change Strategy .................................................................................................................................................. 23 6.1. Climate Change Drivers ................................................................................................................... 23 6.2. Effect of Climate Change .................................................................................................................. 23 6.3 Climate mitigating factors ........................................................................................................ 25 7. Draft Air Quality Management Plan ............................................................................................................................................. 28 7.1 Air Quality Sources ................................................................................................................. 28 7.2 Mitigating Factors ................................................................................................................... 29 8. Regulation of Air Quality Emissions ........................................................................................................................................... 31 CHAPTER TWO: DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................................ 32 1.Demographic / Population Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 32 1.1. Socio – economic indicators ................................................................................................... 32 1.2. Rural vs. Urban Population ................................................................................................................ 32 1.3. Human Settlements ................................................................................................................ 33 1.4. Gender and Age .................................................................................................................... 33 1.5. Population by population group, gender, age and households ..................................................... 35 1.6. HIV and AIDS Estimates ......................................................................................................... 36 1.7. Population Density ................................................................................................................ 37 2. Development Indicators ............................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.1. Human Development Index (HDI) ............................................................................................. 37 2 2.2. Gini Coefficient ..................................................................................................................... 38 2.3 Poverty & the Pove rty Gap ....................................................................................................... 39 2.4. Education, Literacy and Skills Level ........................................................................................ 40 2.5. Cri me ................................................................................................................................... 41 2.6. Labour ................................................................................................................................. 41 2.7. Labour Force Participation & Unemployment Rate ..................................................................... 43 3. Migration Plan ............................................................................................................................................................................... 43 4. Population Concerns ................................................................................................................................................................... 44 5. Incorporation of Population Issues into Planning ..................................................................................................................... 44 6. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................................................... 45 CHAPTER THREE: SOCIO – ECONOMIC AND LED ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................ 46 1. Economic Overview .......................................................................................................................................................... 46 2. Gross Domestic Product by Region (GDP-R) ................................................................................................................. 48 3.Economic Growth Forecast .......................................................................................................................................................... 50 4. Gross value added by region (GVA-R)........................................................................................................................................ 50 4.1. Historical Economic Growth .................................................................................................... 51 4.2. Primary Sector ...................................................................................................................... 52 4.3. Secondary Sector .................................................................................................................. 53 4.4. Tertiary S ec to r ...................................................................................................................... 54 4.4. Sector Growth Forecast .......................................................................................................... 55 5.Tress Index..................................................................................................................................................................................... 55 6. Location Quotient ......................................................................................................................................................................... 56 7. Tourism ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 56 7.1. Origin of Tourists .................................................................................................................. 57 7.2. Bed nights by origin of Tourists ............................................................................................... 57 7.3. Tourism Spendin g .................................................................................................................. 58 7.4. Tourism Spend as a Share of GDP ..........................................................................................