Where is the Popcorn? Report on the New Ways of Distributing of A/V content Compiled by Nenad Puhovski Chair, Cilect Standing Committee for New Technologies Beijing, 2008 2 Index FOREWORD......................................................................................................................................................... 7 DIGITAL CINEMA AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES .............................................................................. 9 TECHNOLOGY...................................................................................................................................................... 9 DIGITAL CAPTURE ............................................................................................................................................. 10 DIGITAL POST-PRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 10 DIGITAL MASTERING ......................................................................................................................................... 10 DIGITAL CINEMA DISTRIBUTORS........................................................................................................................ 10 DIGITAL PROJECTION......................................................................................................................................... 10 LIVE BROADCASTING TO MOVIE THEATERS ....................................................................................................... 11 CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS................................................................................................................................. 11 ECONOMICS....................................................................................................................................................... 12 Savings in distribution.................................................................................................................................. 12 Alternative content ....................................................................................................................................... 12 Greater protection for content...................................................................................................................... 13 Costs............................................................................................................................................................. 13 HISTORY............................................................................................................................................................ 13 STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................................................. 14 CLAIMS TO SIGNIFICANT EVENTS....................................................................................................................... 14 STEREO D IMAGES ............................................................................................................................................. 15 OR, AS THEY SAY – A PICTURE IS … ................................................................................................................ 16 DIGITAL CINEMA INITIATIVES ........................................................................................................................... 17 The DCI Specification .................................................................................................................................. 17 Image & Audio Capability Overview ........................................................................................................... 18 Related Information...................................................................................................................................... 18 POV - FILM GOES BACK TO THE FUTURE WITH 3D ........................................................................................... 19 CILECT’S VIEW ............................................................................................................................................. 21 Exploring D-Cinema 2 ................................................................................................................................. 21 A CILECT Conference/Workshop 2 years later. .......................................................................................... 21 Distribution................................................................................................................................................................ 22 DIGITAL TELEVISION AND RELATED TECHNOLOGIES .................................................................... 23 TECHNICAL INFORMATION................................................................................................................................. 23 Formats and bandwidth................................................................................................................................ 23 Reception...................................................................................................................................................... 24 Interaction.................................................................................................................................................... 25 Advantages to conversion............................................................................................................................. 25 Disadvantages to conversion........................................................................................................................ 25 Impact on existing analog technology........................................................................................................................ 25 Compression artifacts and allocated bandwidth......................................................................................................... 26 Buffering and preload delay....................................................................................................................................... 26 Effects of poor reception .............................................................................................................................. 26 Limitations.................................................................................................................................................... 27 Conversion ................................................................................................................................................... 27 ATSC - DIGITAL TELEVISION WITH AMERICAN FLAVOR .................................................................................. 28 Resolution..................................................................................................................................................... 28 DVB - DIGITAL TELEVISION WITH EUROPEAN FLAVOR .................................................................................... 29 Transmission ................................................................................................................................................ 29 Content ......................................................................................................................................................... 30 Encryption and metadata ............................................................................................................................. 30 Software platform......................................................................................................................................... 30 Adoption ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 OTHER RELATED TECHNOLOGIES...................................................................................................................... 31 Interactive television .................................................................................................................................... 31 Definitions of Interactive Television ......................................................................................................................... 31 Case Study - Interactive Television and Storytelling (by Callas)................................................................. 34 Pay-per-view ................................................................................................................................................ 36 3 Video on demand.......................................................................................................................................... 38 Functionality.............................................................................................................................................................. 38 In-flight entertainment ............................................................................................................................................... 38 History ....................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Near video on demand ............................................................................................................................................... 39 Push video on demand ..............................................................................................................................................