Jr Horse Bowl 1. Q: How much water will a 1,000 pound horse drink per day? A: 6 - 12 gallons per day Ref: AYHC & HS 710-2 & 32 Level: 1 Category: a 2. Q: In extremely cold weather, which will produce more body heat when eaten, hay or grain? A: Hay produces more heat Ref: AYHC 450-3 Level: 1 Category: a 3. Q: What are the 2 basic classifications of forages? A: Legumes & grasses Ref: AYHC 760-1 Level: 1 Category: a 4. Q: What is the most important factor affecting the quality of a forage at the time of harvesting? A: Stage of maturity Ref: AYHC 760-4 Level: 1 Category: a 5. Q: What is the most common method used to process forages? A: Baling Ref: AYHC 760-4 Level: 1 Category: a 6. Q: What is the oldest & most common method of selecting hay? A: Visual appraisal Ref: AYHC 750-5 Level: 1 Category: a 7. Q: What is the most economical source of supplemental protein? A: Soybean meal Ref: AYHC 760-7 Level: 1 Category: a 8. Q: What are the 2 most important dietary energy components in feeds? A: Fats & carbohydrates Ref: AYHC 820-1 Level: 1 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 1 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 9. Q: What is the most commonly cubed forage? A: alfalfa Ref: AYHC 760-4 Level: 1 Category: a 10. Q: What is the device used to collect samples for analysis in baled hay? A: Bale probe or bale core Ref: AYHC 750-6 Level: 1 Category: a 11. Q: How much water will a 1,000 pound horse drink per day? A: 10- 12 gallons per day Ref: AYHC 710-2 Level: 1 Category: a 12. Q: What is the deficient amino acid in hays & grains? A: Lysine Ref: AYHC 790-5 Level: 1 Category: a 13. Q: Typically horses receive nutrients for what 3 general sources? A: Hay, pastures & grains Ref: AYHC 790-5 Level: 1 Category: a 14. Q: Which feed is used extensively in diets for horses that have respiratory problems such as heaves? A: Beet pulp Ref: AYHC 760-8 Level: 1 Category: a 15. Q: What is probably the simplest & least expensive dry method of processing grains? A: Grinding Ref: AYHC 760-9 Level: 1 Category: a 16. Q: Which nutrients are usually considered to be the body's fuel? A: Energy nutrients (carbohydrates & fats) Ref: HS 33 Level: 1 Category: A 1/12/03 Page 2 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 17. Q: Describe the color of a good quality hay. A: Bright, leafy green Ref: HS 38 Level: 1 Category: A 18. Q: Where is most of the nutrient value found in hays? A: Leaves Ref: HS 38 Level: 1 Category: A 19. Q: What is the most readily available grain in most sections of the country? A: Corn Ref: HS 40 Level: 1 Category: A 20. Q: What type of hay is the best hay for horses? A: Good quality grass-legume mixed hay Ref: HS 38 Level: 1 Category: A 21. Q: Which hays tend to be the least dusty? A: Good grass hay Ref: HS 38 Level: 1 Category: A 22. Q: What are the 2 basic types of forages? A: Grasses & legumes Ref: HS 37 Level: 1 Category: A 23. Q: Name the 2 minerals that the horse relies most heavily on for bone formation. A: Calcium & phosphorus Ref: HS 36 Level: 1 Category: A 24. Q: Name the 2 basic classifications of forages. A: Legumes & grasses Ref: AYHC 760-1 Level: 2 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 3 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 25. Q: Name 2 ways that barley & milo should be processed before using them in a horse feed. A: Crimped or rolled (milo can also be ground) Ref: AYHC 760-6 Level: 2 Category: a 26. Q: Pelleting hay can reduce the storage space requirements by how much? A: Up to 75% Ref: AYHC 760-4 Level: 2 Category: a 27. Q: How much more digestible energy is contained in grains than in hays? A: Grains have 50 - 60% more Ref: AYHC 760-6 Level: 2 Category: a 28. Q: Which nutrient plays an important role in physiology of performance horses & is essential for fluid balance, nerve & muscle functions & acid-base balance? A: Minerals Ref: AYHC 820-2 Level: 2 Category: a 29. Q: Lysine is a type of what nutrient? A: Protein (amino acid) Ref: AYHC 790-5 Level: 2 Category: a 30. Q: Name 2 disadvantages of feeding straight oats for grain. A: Cost per unit of energy & variations in quality Ref: AYHC 760-6 Level: 2 Category: a 31. Q: Which feed by-product is made by drying the residual beet chips after the sugar has been extracted? A: Beet pulp Ref: AYHC 760-8 Level: 2 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 4 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 32. Q: If you put extruded & pelleted feed each in a separate container of equal volume, which would weigh more? A: Pelleted feeds may weigh twice as much as extruded feeds Ref: AYHC 760-9 Level: 2 Category: a 33. Q: In feeding management, what is the wicking effect? A: Uptake of ground moisture into a bale of hay Ref: AYHC 710-5 Level: 2 Category: a 34. Q: What nutrients are harder for an older horse to digest? A: Proteins, phosphorus, fiber Ref: AYHC 450-2 Level: 2 Category: a 35. Q: What are 5 forms of harvested forages? A: Square bales, round bales, hay cubes, chopped hay, pelleted hay & silage Ref: AYHC 750-4 Level: 2 Category: a 36. Q: How can the likelihood of blister beetle poisoning be reduced when feeding alfalfa hay from the southwest? A: Feed early season first cutting alfalfa Ref: AYHC 415-9 Level: 2 Category: a 37. Q: How many mineral elements are required in diets of horses? A: 21 Ref: AYHC 760-10 Level: 2 Category: a 38. Q: What percent of protein should be in a suckling foal's creep feed? A: 16 - 18% protein Ref: AYHC 950-5 Level: 2 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 5 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 39. Q: How much concentrate can be fed at one time? A: Never more than 0.75% of the horse's body weight Ref: AYHC 710-6 Level: 2 Category: a 40. Q: What is quidding? A: Dropping partially chewed feed from the mouth Ref: AYHC 405-3 Level: 2 Category: a 41. Q: Which nutrient is commonly involved as co-factors for the enzymes that convert fat & carbohydrates into energy? A: Vitamins Ref: AYHC 820-2 Level: 2 Category: a 42. Q: Feral & other free-ranging horses will spend how long grazing per day in good forage? A: 10 - 12 hours Ref: AYHC 425-5 Level: 2 Category: a 43. Q: What is the form of stored fuel for exercise of high intensity & short duration? A: Glycogen Ref: AYHC 895-1 Level: 2 Category: a 44. Q: What is the primary site for digestion & absorption of fats? A: Small intestines Ref: AYHC 710-1 Level: 2 Category: a 45. Q: What is the average weight of a small bale of hay? A: 40 - 80 pounds Ref: AYHC 750-4 Level: 2 Category: a 46. Q: What is the maximum amount of concentrates that should be fed at any one feeding? A: No more than .75% of horse's body weight Ref: AYHC 710-6 Level: 2 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 6 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 47. Q: How many different minerals are required in the diet of horses & what are the 2 classifications of them? A: 21 different minerals classified as micro & macro (major) minerals Ref: AYHC 760-10 Level: 2 Category: a 48. Q: What class of nutrients do thiamine, riboflavin & folic acid belong to? A: Vitamins Ref: AYHC 760-10 Level: 2 Category: a 49. Q: Which nutrient is an important structural component for muscle tissue, growth & tissue maintenance? A: Proteins Ref: AYHC 820-2 Level: 2 Category: a 50. Q: What is the term for the units of measure that describes the amount of energy needed by a horse & is equal to 1,000 calories? A: Megacalories Ref: AYHC 790-1 Level: 2 Category: a 51. Q: There are considerable differences in density among horse feeds. Therefore, feeding measurements should not be by volume but by what method? A: Feed by weight Ref: AYHC 710-5 Level: 2 Category: a 52. Q: When does a pregnant mare have the greatest nutritional requirements? A: During the third trimester of her gestation period Ref: AYHC 750-7 Level: 2 Category: a 53. Q: What are the organic compounds required in small amounts for the normal functioning of the body that are classified as fat soluble & water soluble? A: Vitamins Ref: AYHC 760-10 Level: 2 Category: a 1/12/03 Page 7 of 420 Jr Horse Bowl 54. Q: What is a by-product of sucrose refined from sugar cane, sugar beets or from the manufacture of dried citrus pulp? A: Molasses Ref: AYHC 760-7 Level: 2 Category: a 55. Q: What are the 21 different elements found in organic ash of feeds after burning off the organic matter? A: Minerals Ref: AYHC 760-10 Level: 2 Category: a 56. Q: What are oat groats? A: Oats with the hulls removed Ref: AYHC 760-6 Level: 2 Category: a 57. Q: If the percentage of protein in the form of lysine is higher in animal products such as dried skim milk & fish meal, why is soybean meal more commonly used? A: Soybean meal is considerably less expensive Ref: AYHC 760-7 Level: 2 Category: a 58.