RUTLAND is the smalleElt shire in England, and lies to the OAKHAM UNION. north of the river Welland, and is separated from the sea by Ashwell Knossington (Leicestershire} Lincolnshire. Its length from north to south is a~out 15 Barleythorpe Langham miles, and its breadth from east to west the same, Its area Barrow Leighfield being 97,273 acres. In ~801 the numbe~ of people was Braunston Lyndon 16 300' in 1821, 18,487; In 1831, 19,385; In 1841, 21,302; Brooke Manton in'185i, 22,983; in 1861, 21,861.; in 1871, 22,073; in 1881, Burley Market Overton 21,434; in 1891, 20,659 and In 1901, 19,709, of whom Cold Overton (Leicestershire) Martinsthorpe 9849 were males and 9,860 females., The number of Cottesmore Normanton houses in 1901 was: inhabited, 4,495; uninhabited, 387, Edith Weston Oakham including 110 in general occupation for business or other Egleton St~etton purposes; and building, 15. Its shape is very irregular, Empingham Telgh and it joins on to Leicestershire on the west and north- Exton Thistleton west; on the north-east it has Lincolnshire; and on the Greetham Tickencote south-east, which is its longest bound, t~e river Wellan?, Gunthorpe (hamlet) 'Yhissendine which separates it from NorthamptonshIre. The Eye IS Hambleton Whitwell part of the boundary against Leicestershire. The rivers Horn are the Eye, Chater, and the Gwash, or Wash, running into UPPINGlIAM UNION. the Welland, which is navigable from Stamford, on the east The following are in Rutland:- border, till it falls into the North Sea. Ayston Morcott The two railway systems that supply Rutland are the Barruwden Pilton London and North Western, which, coming from Market Beaumont Chase Preston Harborough enters the county in the south-west corner, Belton Ridlington near Great' Easton, and proceeding in a north-easterly Bisbrooke Seaton direction to Seaton, throws out a branch to Uppingham, Caldecott Stoke Dry and dividing its main line, passes through LufIenham and Glaston Thorpe-by-Water Ketton to Stamford and through Barrowden to Peter- Liddington U ppingham borough and the Midland, which, coming from Peterborough, North Luffenham Wardley through Stamford, passes Ketton, LufIenham and Manton South Luffenham Wing (for Uppingham), and th~nce to Oakham, leaving the coun~y The following are in Leicestershire:- for Saxby Junction a little north-west of Ashwell, while Blaston Holt a branch coming into the south of county, between Barrow- Bringburst Horninghold den and Eisbrooke, joins the Oakham line at Manton. Drayton Medbourne The Great Northern crosses the extreme north-east of IEaston Magna Stockerston the county with stations at Essendine and Ryhall, on theit Hallaton Stamford branch; thus the county is well provided with The following are in Northamptonshire:- railway communication. I Fineshade Laxton There are 300 miles of highways. The air is healthy. Gretton Rockingham' Much of the soil lying in the dales is very fruitful. The hills Harringworth WakerleYI are not very high; one range runs to the north-east of The following is a list of the Hundreds, with the places Oakham, others are on the north bank of the Welland, and contained in each:- another range along the Eye. In the east an~ so~th-east AIstoe Hundred :-Ashwell, Barrow, Burley, Cottesmore, the rock is limestone, of which 1,277 .tons .was raIsed m 1906, Exton, Greetharn, Horn, Market Overton, Stretton, and 5,342 tons ?f sandst~ne was raIsed In 1906. In many Teigh, Thistleton, Whissendine, Whitwell: parts of the shire there IS a strong red loam. There are East Hundred :-Empingham, Essendine, Tlckencote, Great Beveral c~aly?eate springs.. :r'he vale. of Catmos, aro~nd Casterton, Ketton, Little Casterton, Pick worth, Ryhal!. O~kham, IS ~Ich ground; It IS an agrIcultural and grazlI~g TinwelI, Tixover. shue, and y~elds finJ barley and seed .wheat-barley, rn l\Iartinsley Hundred :-Ayston, Edith Weston, Hambleton 1906, occupyrng 9,26;) acres. Ma!1y turmps are gr?wn, and Lyndon, l\Ianton, Martinsthorpe, Normanton, Preston, sheep are fed and Stilton cheese IS made. There IS a g~od Ridlington, Uppingharn, Wing. deal of woodland, still reckoned at nearlr 3,819 acr~s, belI~g Oakham Soke Hundred :-Belton, Braunston, Brooke, Clips­ the remains of the old forests, from which much tImber IS I ham, Egleton, Gunthorpe, Langham, Oakham-Deanshold cut. (with Barleythorpe), Oakham Lordshold, Wardley. RutIand forms five hundreds-namely, Alstoe! .East, Wrangdike Hundred :-Barrowden, Bisbrooke, Caldecott, Wrangdike, Martinsley, and the. soke of Oakham. It l~ In the Glaston, I,iddington, North Luffenham, South Luffen- Midland Circuit, and has ASSIzes and Quarter SesslOns at ham :Morcott Pilton Seaton Stoke Dry Thorpe-by-Water. Oak ham. Rutland is in the diocese of Peterborough, arch- , , " , deaconry of Oakham, and forms a rur~l. deane~y, divided The Lunatic Asylum for the counties of Leicester and into three portions. There are 58 clvll parIshes. The Rutland, a large and handsome building stll;nding on a market towns are Oakharn, with a population in 1901 .of healthy situation, is at Narborough, a short dIstance from 3,294, and Uppingham with 2,588, each celebrated for Its Leicester. school both founded by Robert J ohnson, archdeacon of Leicester in 1581. Stamford lies on the south-east border, in Lincolw!hire. Rutland has no name in history, and has Under the provisions of the" Redistribution of Seats Act, shared the fate of the neighbouring shires in the several 1885," the parliamentary representation of Rutland was inroads of the Romans, English, and N orthmen. Rank­ reduced from two members to one. borough, Burley, Stretton, Casterton, :Market Overton, and MEMBER OF P ARLI.AMENT FOR THE COUNTY. Tixover are the sites of Roman settlements. The battle of 8tamford was fought in this county, at Horn, near. Exto!1' John Gretton esq. J.P. Stapleford park, Melton Mo~bray; Grantham lodge, Cowes, Isle of Wight; & 36 Enmsmore in 1470 between Edward IV. and the LancastrIans, In which the latter were defeatfld; it is computed that there gardens s w & Carlton & Marlborough clubs s w, London were ten thousand killed. The Marquess of Exeter has a F AIRS AND MARKETS. fine seat and park at Burghley. The domains of the Earl Oakham, fairs March 15, May 6 & Sept. 9 & a pleasure fa.ir of Gainsborough, at Exton, and of the Earl of An~aster at in May; other fairs chiefly for cattle on some monday 10 Normanton are likewise large. There are no archItectural every month, excepting January, so arranged as not to monuments of importance, or any objects of great interest. interfere with Stamford fairs. Market days, monday & There are some barrows. saturday Tbe following are the unions, with the places contained Uppingham, fair second wednesday in :March & July for in each:- cattle. Market day, wednesda: .