History & evulution MICROPROCESSOR Sudjadi 2011 Fundamental componen is SWITCH • Rele AND • Gate AND • Transistor NOR (Not OR) • Full ADDER Full Adder Circuit The History • 1906 Vacuum tube • 1939 PN Junction • 1946 ENIAC • 1947 Transistor • 1950 BJT (Shockley) • 1951 First Transistor by TI • 1971 First Microprocessor by Intel Density • SSI (Small Scale Integration) – Early 1970s – 1-10 logic gates • MSI (Medium..) – counters, flip-flop • LSI (Large..) – first microprocessor • VLSI (Large..) - MPU The First Microprocessor • Intel 4004 (Nov 1971) • Clock Speed 10KHz • Number of Transistors 2.300 • 10 um Technology • 4Bits bus width • 640 bytes Addressable memory • As powerfull as ENIAC • Use for; calculator Various first commercial microprocessor • Zilog Z80 (1976) – controller, pc, calculator • MOS Technology 6502, apple ii computer, acron • Motorola 6800, controller • Intel 8080, 8086, first ibm pc eniac mikroprosesor • Intel 8080 640 kIPS / 2MHz 1974 • Motorola 68000 1 MIPS / 8MHz 1979 • Intel 286 2.66 MIPS / 12MHz 1982 • Motorola 68020 4 MIPS / 20MHz 1984 • ARM2 4 MIPS / 8MHz 1986 • Motorola 68030 11 MIPS / 33MHz 1987 • Intel 386DX 8.5 MIPS / 25MHz 1988 • Motorola 68040 44 MIPS / 40MHz 1990 • Intel 486DX 54 MIPS / 66MHz 1992 • PowerPC 600s (G2) 35 MIPS / 33MHz 1994 • Motorola 68060 88 MIPS / 66MHz 1994 • Intel Pentium Pro 541 MIPS / 200MHz 1996 mikroprosesor • ARM 7500FE 35.9 MIPS / 40MHz 1996 • PowerPC G3 525 MIPS / 233MHz 1997 • Zilog eZ80 80 MIPS / 50MHz 1999 • Intel Pentium III 1,354 MIPS / 500MHz 1999 • AMD Athlon 3,561 MIPS / 1.2MHZ 2000 • AMD Athlon XP 2400+ 5,935 MIPS / 2.0 GHz 2002 • Pentium 4 Extreme 9,726 MIPS / 3.2 GHz 2003 • AMD Athlon 64 3800+ X2 (Dual Core) 14,564 MIPS / 2.0 GHz 2005 • Intel Core 2 X6800 27,079 MIPS / 2.93 GHz 2006 • Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770 59,455 MIPS / 3.2 GHz 2008 applications • CPU – Personal Computer as Main Processor • Embedded Controller – HP, Harddisk, Keyboard, other Controllers Embedded System Applications • Home Appliances : Dishwasher, washing machine, microwave, Top-set box, security system, HVAC system, DVD, answering machine, garden sprinkler system • Office Automation Fax, copy machine, smart phone system, modern, scanner, printer • Security Face recognition, finger recognition, eye recognition, building security system, airport security system, alarm system, Elevator • Academia Smart board, smart room, OCR, calculator, smart cord • Instrumentation Signal generator, signal processor, power supplier • Telecommunication Router, hub, cellular phone, IP phone, web camera • Automotive Fuel injection controller, anti-locking brake system, air-bag • system, GPS, cruise control • Entertainment MP3, video game, Mind Storm, smart toy • Aerospace Navigation system, automatic landing system, flight attitude controller, space explorer, space robotics • Industrial automation Assembly line, data collection system, monitoring systems on pressure, voltage, current, temperature, hazard detecting system, industrial robot • Personal PDA, iPhone, palmtop, data organizer • Medical equipment CT scanner, MRI, Glucose monitor, blood pressure monitor, medical diagnostic device, thread mill • Business automation ATM, smart vendor machine, cash register, smart card.