Finding the Functions of Music Books in England in the late 15th and early 16th Centuries: The Ritson MS and the Wharton Partbooks A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Master of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2019 Rachel L Albert School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Table of Contents LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ..................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. 7 LIST OF LIBRARIES ............................................................................................................. 8 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 9 DECLARATION .................................................................................................................. 10 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT .................................................................................................. 11 DISCLAIMER ..................................................................................................................... 12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................... 13 DEDICATION ..................................................................................................................... 14 Chapter One: Introduction.................................................................................................... 15 Part I: Approaches to determining function .................................................................... 17 Part II: Research Strategy ................................................................................................ 37 Chapter Two: The Ritson MS .............................................................................................. 42 Part I: Structural Analysis of the Ritson MS ................................................................... 47 Part II: A Re-evaluation and New Observations ............................................................. 54 Part III: An Updated History for the Ritson MS ............................................................. 68 Chapter Three: The Wharton partbooks ............................................................................... 74 Part I: Context and Elements ........................................................................................... 75 Part II: The Function of the Wharton Partbooks ........................................................... 105 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 113 Bibliography ....................................................................................................................... 116 APPENDIX 1: DATA POINTS FOR CASE STUDIES .............................................................. 123 APPENDIX 2: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR RITSON MS ...................................................... 126 APPENDIX 3: BOOKLET RECONSTRUCTION FOR RITSON MS........................................... 129 APPENDIX 4: FIGURES FOR MSS ..................................................................................... 131 WORD COUNT: 33,175 2 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1.1: Coats of arms in the Chigi Codex (CV-Vbav Chigi C.VIII.234) ............................ 22 Figure 2.1: Ox head with vertical line and star (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 88r) ................. 131 Figure 2.2: Serpent (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 123r) .......................................................... 132 Figure 2.3: Layout of Missa Rex summe (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 73v and 74r) ............ 133 Figure 2.4: Layout of Missa Rex summe (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 79v and 80r) ........... 133 Figure 2.5: Small Pasteover (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 22r) .............................................. 134 Figure 2.5a: Skipped opening (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 132v–133r) ............................... 135 Figure 2.6: Pasteover (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 25v) ........................................................ 136 Figure 2.7: Pasteover (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 26v) ........................................................ 137 Figure 2.8: GB-Lbl Royal 8 G.vii, fols. 2v–3r ........................................................................ 138 Figure 2.9: D-Mbs Mus.ms. 3154, fols. 4v–5r ........................................................................ 138 Figure 2.10: Section A (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 8v–9r) ................................................. 139 Figure 2.11: No pen work (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 11v–12r) ........................................ 139 Figure 2.12: Smaller and lowered initial (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 41v–42r) ................. 140 Figure 2.13a: Initial on third staff (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 51v–52r) ............................ 140 Figure 2.13b: GB-Cmc MS 1594 (The Pepys MS), fol. 4r...................................................... 141 Figure 2.13c: GB-SHRs MS VI (The Shrewsbury MS), fol. 35v............................................ 142 Figure 2.13d: GB-Lbl Egerton 3307, fol. 43v ......................................................................... 143 Figure 2.14: Music covered by illumination (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 45v) .................... 144 Figure 2.15: Section B (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 65v–66r) ............................................. 144 Figure 2.16: Section C (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 73v–74r) ............................................... 145 Figure 2.17a: Section D (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 62v) .................................................... 145 Figure 2.17b: Section D (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 95v) .................................................... 146 3 Figure 2.17c: Section E (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 106v) .................................................. 146 Figure 2.18a: Heading above carol (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 17v–18r) .......................... 147 Figure 2.18b: Close-up of heading (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 17v) ................................... 147 Figure 2.18c: Close-up of heading (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 12v) ................................... 148 Figure 2.18d: Close-up of heading (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 40v) ................................... 148 Figure 2.19: Heading, Section C (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 73v–74r) ............................. 149 Figure 2.20: Heading, Section D (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 84v) ...................................... 149 Figure 2.21: Heading, Section D (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 95v) ...................................... 150 Figure 2.22: Heading, Section E (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 123v) ..................................... 150 Figure 2.23a: Bounding lines (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 55v) ........................................... 151 Figure 2.23b: Varied bounding lines (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 122r) ............................... 152 Figure 2.23c: Varied bounding lines (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 124v) .............................. 153 Figure 2.23d: Bounding lines (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 107v–108r) .............................. 154 Figure 2.23e: Close-up of bounding lines (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 108r) ....................... 154 Figure 2.24a: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 7v) .......................................................... 155 Figure 2.24b: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 16r) ........................................................ 155 Figure 2.24c: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 16r) ........................................................ 155 Figure 2.24d: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 17r) ........................................................ 155 Figure 2.24e: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 17r) ........................................................ 156 Figure 2.24f: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 20v) ........................................................ 156 Figure 2.24g: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 21v)........................................................ 156 Figure 2.24h: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 29v)........................................................ 157 Figure 2.24i: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 32v) ........................................................ 157 Figure 2.24j: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 33r) ......................................................... 157 Figure 2.24k: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 34v)........................................................ 157 4 Figure 2.24l: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 40v) ........................................................ 157 Figure 2.24m: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 41r) ....................................................... 158 Figure 2.24n: Bottom (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fol. 55r) ........................................................ 158 Figure 2.24o: Bottom of opening (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 56v–57r) ............................ 158 Figure 2.24p: Bottom of opening (GB-Lbl Add. MS 5665, fols. 57v–58r) ............................ 158 Figure 3.1: Identical stave lines (GB-Cu Dd.13.27, fol. 7r) .................................................... 159 Figure 3.2: Identical stave lines (GB-Cjc MS 234 (K.31), fol. 6r) .......................................... 160 Figure 3.3: Two options for the ‘Amen’ (GB-Cjc MS 234 (K.31), fol. 20v) .......................... 160 Figure 3.4: Ascription given entire stave (GB-Cjc MS