Early Journal Content on JSTOR, Free to Anyone in the World This article is one of nearly 500,000 scholarly works digitized and made freely available to everyone in the world by JSTOR. Known as the Early Journal Content, this set of works include research articles, news, letters, and other writings published in more than 200 of the oldest leading academic journals. The works date from the mid-seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. We encourage people to read and share the Early Journal Content openly and to tell others that this resource exists. People may post this content online or redistribute in any way for non-commercial purposes. Read more about Early Journal Content at http://about.jstor.org/participate-jstor/individuals/early- journal-content. JSTOR is a digital library of academic journals, books, and primary source objects. JSTOR helps people discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content through a powerful research and teaching platform, and preserves this content for future generations. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization that also includes Ithaka S+R and Portico. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Vol. 38 No. 7 BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICALCLUB AUGUST, 19I I Noteson Rosaceae-VI PER AXEL RYDBERG ARGENTINA In an article in Rhodora for JanuaryI909, Prof.M. L. Fernald discussed "The Representativesof PotentillaAnserina in Eastern America." The second paragraph of his article reads as follows: " In November, I908, two extensive monographs of Potentilla appeared, but when one turns to these two treatmentswith the hope of settling his long-standingproblems the results are cer- tainly disheartening." And then, "after spending some days* in the studyof the materialin the GrayHerbarium and the Herbarium of the New England Botanical Club," he solves the problems. Fi[teen years have now passed since I began mywork on Potentilla and Dr. Th. Wolf has devoted longertime than that to the study, and neitherof us has definitelysettled the status of the different formsof thisgroup. When the manuscriptof my monographin the North AmericanFlora went to press I had seen not only the col- lection in the Gray Herbarium but also those of the New York Botanical Garden, Columbia University,United States National Herbarium,Philadelphia Academy, and the College of Pharmacy, New York. When preparingmy original monograph,printed in I898, I had also seen the collection of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Besides, many of the critical species had been sent to me for determinationby the Universityof California, Mr. T. S. Brandegee,Mr. Parish, and many others. * Italics are mine. [The BULLETIN for July I9II (38: 307-350. pl. I3-I5) was issued 27 JI1 9II.] 3.51 352 RYDBERG: NOTES ON ROSACEAE In the Gray's New Manual, published September i8, I908, the authors, Robinson and Fernald, stated under PotentillaAnserina as follows: "Var. grandisT. & G. is merelya luxuriantstate in rich meadows." It is strangethat so shortlyafter, in January, I909, ProfessorFernald should admit thisvariety as a good species. The differencein the achenes, pointed out by me, evidentlyper- suaded him that it could not be kept in PotentillaAnserina L. (Argentina Anserina Rydb.). It would have been asking too much if one expected him to admit all at once the eight species recognizedin my monograph. My intentionis not to defendthem as species. The limitationbetween species and variety will al- ways be arbitrary,so also betweenvariety and form. If Professor Fernald admittedArgentina argentea as a variety under the name Potentilla Anserina var. sericea, he should have admitted A. occidentalis,A. litoralis,and A. subarcticaalso as varieties. There are certain statements,also, in Fernald's article, to which I must take exception. As ProfessorFernald has admitted Argentina argenteaRydb. as a variety I should feel content so far as this species is concerned,but I can not pass it altogether. The speci- men in the Gray Herbariumfrom St. JohnValley, referredto in ProfessorFernald's paper is "in spite of its leaves beingsilvery on both sides," not A. argentea. I rememberthe specimenvery well. Neither is A. argenteaexactly the same as Potentilla Anserina sericea Hayne. Both have leaves silveryon both sides, but in the Rocky Mountain plant the leafletsas a rule are decidedlyobovate, with comparativelyfew ovate teeth, while in the Eurpoean plant the leafletsare usually much longer,elliptic, and with numerous lanceolate teethdirected forward. I have not seen any specimens of Argentina argenteaeast of South Dakota. It needs therefore not to be considered in connection with the flora of eastern North America. In discussingthe species with nongrooved achenes, Professor Fernald criticizesmy key, in which I separate P. pacifica and P. occidentalisfrom the rest by the petals being " usually over i cm, long rounded-obovate,"while the others have petals "6-8 mm., rarely i cm. long,usually elliptic-obovate." It may be true that I have " neverknown the fullbeauty ofits large flowers" [A. litoralis] and that the given charactersdo not hold. I did not see the speci- RYDBERG: NOTES ON ROSACEAE 353 mens in the herbarium of the New England Botanical Club, although I saw all in the Gray Herbarium. I have never seen any one, however,with such broad rounded petals as are usual in A. occidentalis. The latter has usually also broader and more obovate leaflets. Even if A. occidentalisand A. litoralisshould be one species or variety,as you please, and the charactersassigned should be foundinconstant, the name of the eastern plant should not be Potentillapacifica Howell, for that species was based on P. A nserina ,B grandis T. & G. The type was collected by Scouler and a fair duplicate is in the Torrey Herbarium. If I have not known the eastern plant "in its full beauty," I doubt if ProfessorFernald has seen Potentillapacifica in its. At least he did not see it in the Gray Herbarium,for if I rememberrightly there was but one fairspecimen of it there,shortly before my manuscript went to press. The firstsynonym given underPotentilla pacifica by Professor Fernald is P. Anserina groenlandicaTratt. The type of the latter, collected by Giesecke, I have not seen, but Trattinick's descriptionpoints evidently to the formof P. Egedii Wormskj. withthe leaves whitenedbeneath. Notwithstandingthe fact that Dr. Wolf limitsP. Anserina Egedii to the glabrous formthe fact remains that in ArgentinaEgedii (Wormskj.) Rydb. the leaves are whitenedbeneath or not, even in the same plant. Evidently Dr. Wolf includes in his var. groenlandicaalso the arctic plant fromAlaska, which I described as A. subarctica. This Professor Fernald reduced to a synonym of Potentilla pacifica. Placing the duplicateof the typesof Argentina pacifica, collected by Scouler, and the type sheet of A. subarcticacollected by Dr. A. Hollick,side by side, few persons would regard them as the same species or at least not as the same variety. P. subarcticais characterized by its decidedly turbinate hypanthiumand few achenes, char- acters found only in this species and Argentina Babcockiana. In all the others the hypanthiumis almost flat. The petals are rarelyover 8 mm. long,while in A. pacificathey are usually 12-15 mm. long. In the latter the leaves are almost erect while in the otherspecies they are spreading,except when growingamong tall grass. Dr. Wolf's treatmentin including all the formsbelonging to 354 RYDBERG: NOTES ON ROSACEAE this genus in but one species, even if he admits several varieties, is unsatisfactory. He even makes the very distinct P. anseri- noidesa varietyof PotentillaAnserina. My treatmentis not satis- factoryto ProfessorFernald and to several otherNorth American botanists,being too radical; but ProfessorFernald, who has tried a kind of compromise,will not be followedby all. There is no doubt but that he knows the New England species better than anyone else, but the name Potentilla paciica Howell does not belong to the eastern plant, and Argentinasubarctica is not a synonymof it. If he had treated them as varieties I would have been satisfied,for what he and many others call varieties, I call species. ArgentinaAnserina (L.) Rydb. and A. argenteaare represented by numerous specimens in our herbaria. The others are less well represented. In the herbaria of the New York Botanical Garden and Columbia Universityare found the following. The lists I had fromthe U. S. Nat. Herbarium and the Gray Herbar- ium I have mislaid and can not find. ARGENTINA PACIFICA (Howell) Rydb. OREGON: Beach, Nestucca, I90I, Kirkwood 129; locality not given, Scouler. WASHINGTON: Chehalis County, I897, Lamb Io8o. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Vancouver Island, Boas. ARGENTINA OCCIDENTALIS Rydb. CALIFORNIA: Suisun, Solano County, June 6, 1903, Baker 3217; Albion, Mendocino County, May I903, McMurphy 263; Mendocino County, May I898, H. E. Brown 723; San Mateo County, May I877, H. Edwards; PacificGrove, April I903, Heller 6632; Lake Merced, San Mateo County, April I907, Heller 8441; Colima, March I877, H. Edwards. OREGON: Netarts Bav, June I894, F. E. Lloyd. WASHINGTON: Granville, July I902, Conard 349; Clallam County, June I900, Elmer 2525; Olga, July 8, I905, Engberg. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Chase River, Vancouver Island, May I887, J. Macoun; Renfrew,I90I, Rosendahl & Brand 5; Queen Charlotte Island, I90I, Boas 28. RYDBERG: NOTES ON ROSACEAE 355 ALASKA: Yes Bay, June 30, I895, Gorman6112. It has been collected also on Behring Island, I89I, Grebritskv. ARGENTINA LITORALIS Rydb. ST. PIERRE: July 14, I900, Arsene. NEWFOUNDLAND: Channel, July 27, I90I, Howe & Lang 785; Barred Island, I903, Sornborger;Placentia, I894, Robinson & Schrenk42. LABRADOR: I894, Waghorne;Nain, I897, Sornborger27. NOVA SCOTIA: Mabou, August I906, C. B. Robinson 247; Yar- mouth, June I90I, Howe & Lang It. QUEBEC: Seven Islands, August I907, C. B. Robinson 689; Lake Temiscouata, I887, Northrop11I 7. MAINE: Gross Island, Maine Coast, I893, Harvey; Seal Harbor, Aug. 20, I89I, T. G. White. MASSACHUSETTS: West Tisbury, August I895, Burgess; East Medford, June I878, Perkins; Ipswich, Oakes; Ipswich, June 1 874, Morong. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Sumner Falls, Plainfield, July 1900, Eg- gleston 1977.