EF.IO/11/05 23 May 2005 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Secretariat ENGLISH only Conference Services Please find attached the presentation by Mr. Michalis Adamantiadis, Regional Adviser, Transport Division, UNECE, delivered to the Session of the Review of the implementation of OSCE commitments in the economic and environmental dimension focusing on “Integration, Trade and Transport” of the 13th OSCE Economic Forum, Prague, 23-27 May 2005. Integration Through Transport Networks: The Role of the UNECE Governments Michalis Adamantiadis, Regional Adviser, Transport Division United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 1 Structure of the Presentation • International transport, indispensable to Integration • Barriers, security threats to international transport • Barriers, security threats to international transport must be addressed – Coherent International Transport Networks – Efficient, simplified and secure border procedures and controls – Regulations for efficient, safe, secure and sustainable transport • Conclusions 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 2 International Transport, Indispensable for Integration • Transport, vital to production, distribution of goods,trade • Access for all to basic services: education, health, …. • International transport, indispensable for international trade, exports and imports, a major factor for growth • Vital to integration of countries, reduction of disparities • Crucial for developing and transition countries to benefit from globalization, particularly for landlocked countries 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 3 1 Barriers, Security Threats to International Transport (1) • Inadequate, incoherent Networks • Long, cumbersome procedures and controls • Security threats • Heterogeneous transport regulations • Safety and environmental concerns 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 4 Inadequate, Incoherent Networks • Transport networks are inadequate, incoherent, unbalanced, insufficient • Backlog in CE & SE European countries • Lack of sufficient funds to remove it • Networks, planned and funded by national budgets • In competition with education, health, housing • Macroeconomic constraints: deficits, public debt • Insufficient share of GDP for transport networks 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 5 Double-Track Rail Lines in total Rail Network (%) EU -15 45.2 EU-10 new 29.7 South-Eastern Europe 14.3 CIS 37.1 Other UNECE 26.5 0 102030405060708090100 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 6 2 Km of Motorways per 1000 km2 EU- 15 16.54 EU-10 new 4.06 South-Eastern Europe 2.39 CIS 0.15 Other UNECE 4.13 North America 5.50 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 7 Km of Motorways per Million Population EU-15 141.2 EU- 1 0 n ew 40.4 South-Eastern Europe 27.6 CIS 11.6 Other UNECE 105.6 North A merica 330.0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 8 Barriers, Security Threats to International Transport (2) • Inadequate, incoherent networks • Long, complex border procedures and controls • Security threats • Heterogeneous transport regulations • Safety and environmental concerns 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 9 3 Long, Complex Border Procedures, Security Threats • Border procedures, often too long and inefficient • Security threats: – Vehicle theft, misuse for criminal or terror purposes – Theft of dangerous substances during transport – Attacks to key infrastructures, may collapse economy • Borders, particularly vulnerable to security threats – Organized crime, International terrorism, Corruption – Illegal traffic of persons and/or goods, Smuggling 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 10 Barriers, Security Threats to International Transport (3) • Inadequate, incoherent Networks • Long, cumbersome border procedures • Security threats • Heterogeneous transport regulations • Safety, health and environmental concerns 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 11 People killed in Road Accidents per Million Vehicles EU- 15 157 EU- 1 0 n ew 370 South-Eastern Europe 485 CIS 1,130 Other UNECE 146 North America 160 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 12 4 Addressing Barriers, Security Threats to International Transport • UNECE Governments developed international measures that facilitate transport while ensuring safety, security • Contained in legally binding Agreements and Conventions • Also Recommendations, Resolutions, Guidelines • Specialized intergovernmental bodies, with participation of relevant NGO’s, constantly update them 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 13 Addressing Barriers, Security Threats to International Transport (1) • Coherent international transport networks • Border crossing facilitation measures that take duly into account Security Threats • Internationally agreed regulations for – Safe, secure and sustainable transport – Safe, clean and anti-theft protected vehicles – Safe and Secure transport of dangerous goods 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 14 Coherent International Transport Networks (1) • Network Agreements: AGR, AGC, AGTC, AGN • Define the “E” networks, standards, numbering • Extended to the Caucasus and Central Asia • The E road Network, a visible reality 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 15 5 E – Road Network motorways roads 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 16 Petrozavodsk E 95 18 E-RO E E-Road AnetworkD Netwo inrk Caucasusin Caucasu ands an 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Toprakkale Te d j e n Nusayb in E Khorog E 009 1 Gaudan Ter mi s Antalya 9 Gorgan Nizhiniy Panj Lyangar Adana Ishkashim E road not E Iskenderun E 98 E 121 Sa rak hs E 12 3 yet in force Ant a ky a S Y R I A N I R A Q I R A N 24 May 2005Arab Republic UNECE Transport DivisionKushka 17 CYPRUS Sea link European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR) Contracting Parties: 33 States 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 18 6 E-Rail network 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 19 European Agreement on Main International Railway Lines (AGC) Contracting Parties: 24 States 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 20 European Agreement on Important International Combined Transport Lines and Related Installations (AGTC) Contracting Parties: 26 States 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 21 7 European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance (AGN) UNECE – UNESCAP 24 May 2005 UNECE Transport Division 22 Coherent International Transport Networks (2) • For planning the “E” networks, the UNECE Governments collect traffic data: – Traffic Census on E- Roads every 5 years – Traffic Census on E-rail lines: the first ever will be