10/22/19 Modernism Modernism Senior Scholars: Interwar Europe: • Rapid advance of industrialization • Trended in one of two directions • Rapid urbanization – Expressionism to Dadaism and Surrealism WorkinG Out Modernity – Streamlined decorativity of Art Deco in the Midst of Crisis • Reaction to horrors of World War I • Rejection of historical forms • Rejection of Enlightenment certainties Fall 2019 Prof. Kenneth F. Ledford • Rejected faith in bourgeois-liberal notion of progress [email protected] 368-4144 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Expressionism • Painting HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 1 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Expressionism • Sculpture HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 2 10/22/19 Expressionism • Architecture HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Art Deco • Architecture HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 3 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Art Deco • Design HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 4 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Expressionism • Theater HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Film • Expressionism HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 5 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Film • Noir HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Surrealism • Expressionism plus absurdity HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 6 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Bauhaus • Neue Sachlichkeit – New Objectivity • Weimar • Dessau • Berlin • “International Style” • Walter Gropius HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 7 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Popular Culture • Cabaret HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 8 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Popular Culture • Admiralspalast HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 9 10/22/19 Fashion and Gender Roles • Women in particular rapidly cast aside old strictures HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Fascist Modernism • Autobahn HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 10 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Economic Recovery Economic Recovery HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Economic Recovery HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 11 10/22/19 Economic Recovery HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 12 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Fascist Modernism • Sculpture HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 13 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Reactionary Modernism • Mixture of vast enthusiasm for modern technology with rejection of Enlightenment and the values and institutions of liberal democracy • Jeffrey Herf • Alternative modernism • Neutrality of technology HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT Degenerate Art • “Entartete Kunst” • Munich 1938 • Embracing modernist form in attack on modernism HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 14 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 15 10/22/19 Nazi Art • Modernist in form, authoritarian in size and intent HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 16 10/22/19 HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT HISTORY DEPARTMENT 17.