HONDURAS Beyond Connections Energy Access Diagnostic Report Based on the Multi-Tier Framework HONDURAS Beyond Connections Energy Access Diagnostic Report Based on the Multi-Tier Framework Lucia Luzi, Abdul-Farouk Bemba Nabourema, Bryan Bonsuk Koo, Dana Rysankova, Elisa Portale ©2020 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org Publication date: November 2019 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. 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Report and Cover design: Lauren Kaley Johnson, GCSPM, The World Bank Group Text Layout: Duina Reyes Cover photo: World Bank CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................................................vii ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................x Access to electricity ..................................................................................................................x Access to modern energy cooking solutions .................................................................................xi Gender analysis ...................................................................................................................... xii MEASURING ENERGY ACCESS IN HONDURAS .................................................................................. xiv Multi-Tier Framework Global Survey ...........................................................................................2 Access to electricity ............................................................................................................3 Access to modern energy cooking solutions ........................................................................... 6 Using the Multi-tier Framework to Drive Policy and Investment ...................................................... 8 Multi-Tier Framework survey implementation in Honduras ............................................................. 9 ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ................................................................................................................ 12 ASSESSING ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ........................................................................................... 13 Technologies ................................................................................................................... 13 MTF tiers......................................................................................................................... 14 MTF attributes ................................................................................................................. 17 Use ................................................................................................................................ 22 Improving access to electricity ................................................................................................. 24 Providing electricity access to households without an electricity source ..................................... 25 Improving electricity access for grid-connected households .................................................... 26 Improving electricity access for households with off-grid solar solutions .................................. 29 Policy recommendations ................................................................................................... 33 ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY COOKING SOLUTIONS ..........................................................................34 Assessing access to modern energy cooking solutions .................................................................. 35 Technologies ................................................................................................................... 35 MTF tiers......................................................................................................................... 38 MTF attributes ................................................................................................................ 41 i HONDURAS | Energy Access Diagnostic Report Based on the Multi-Tier Framework Improving access to modern cooking solutions ........................................................................... 45 Increasing penetration of clean fuel stoves ..........................................................................46 Increasing adoption of clean cooking solutions .....................................................................46 Policy recommendations ................................................................................................... 47 GENDER ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................48 How do households differ by gender of head of household? .........................................................49 Access to electricity ................................................................................................................ 52 Access to modern energy cooking solutions ................................................................................ 54 Policy recommendations ................................................................................................... 55 ANNEX 1. MULTI-TIER FRAMEWORKS ............................................................................................... 57 ANNEX 2. SAMPLING STRATEGY ...................................................................................................... 59 Sample size calculation parameters .................................................................................... 59 Sample size calculation .....................................................................................................60 Selection of sectors (PSUs) and segments ............................................................................. 63 Selection of households .................................................................................................... 65 Sample weighting calculations ........................................................................................... 67 ANNEX 3. COOKSTOVE TYPOLOGY .................................................................................................. 70 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 74 ii BOXES Box 1 • Minimum Electricity Requirements, by Tier of Electricity Access ......................................................5 Box 2 • Typology of Off-Grid Solar Devices and Tier Calculation ............................................................... 6 Box 3 • Typology of Cookstoves in Honduras ........................................................................................ 8 TABLES Table 1 • Share of renewable energy consumption in total final energy consumption, 1990–2015 ....................2 Table 2 • Appliances by load level and associated Capacity tiers ............................................................. 6 Table 3 • Distribution of enumeration areas and sampled households, MTF Survey, Honduras .................... 10 Table 4 • Distribution of households by tiers (nationwide, urban/rural) ................................................... 24 Table A 1.1 • Multi-Tier Framework for Measuring Access to Electricity ...................................................... 57 Table A 1.2 • Multi-Tier Framework for Measuring Access to Modern Energy Cooking Solutions .................... 58 Table B 2.1 •Rural area, distribution of the MTF sample of sectors for access to the national grid, by department .............................................................................................................................. 62 Table B 2.2 • Urban area, distribution of the MTF sample of sectors by domain and access to the national grid, by department ........................................................................................................... 63 Table B 2.3 • Rural area, distribution of segments in selected sample by degree of access to the national grid in 2013, by department .................................................................................................64 Table B 2.4 • Urban area, distribution of segments in selected sample