NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. References to the Yearbook of the International Law Commission are abbreviated to Yearbook …, followed by the year (for example, Yearbook … 2012). The Yearbook for each session of the International Law Commission comprises two volumes: Volume I: summary records of the meetings of the session; Volume II (Part One): reports of special rapporteurs and other documents considered during the session; Volume II (Part Two): report of the Commission to the General Assembly. All references to these works and quotations from them relate to the final printed texts of the volumes of the Yearbook issued as United Nations publications. * * * The reports of the special rapporteurs and other documents considered by the Commission dur- ing its sixty-fifth session, which were originally issued in mimeographed form, are reproduced in the present volume, incorporating the corrigenda issued by the Secretariat and the editorial changes required for the presentation of the final text. A/CN.4/SER.A/2013/Add.1 (Part 1) UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No.: E.18.V.4 ISBN: 978-92-1-133871-3 eISBN: 978-92-1-047206-7 ISSN: 0082-8289 eISSN: 2412-1525 CONTENTS Page Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................ iv Note concerning quotations ................................................................................................... v Protection of persons in the event of disasters (agenda item 4) Document A/CN.4/662. Sixth report on the protection of persons in the event of disasters, by Mr. Eduardo Valencia-Ospina, Special Rapporteur ...................................................... 1 Immunity of State officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction (agenda item 5) Document A/CN.4/661. Second report on the immunity of State officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, by Ms. Concepción Escobar Hernández, Special Rapporteur ......... 35 Subsequent agreements and subsequent practice in relation to the interpretation of treaties (agenda item 6) Document A/CN.4/660. First report on subsequent agreements and subsequent practice in relation to the interpretation of treaties, by Mr. Georg Nolte, Special Rapporteur ............ 51 Provisional application of treaties (agenda item 7) Document A/CN.4/664. First report on the provisional application of treaties, by Mr. Juan Manuel Gómez Robledo, Special Rapporteur ................................................................... 81 Document A/CN.4/658. Memorandum by the Secretariat ................................................... 91 Formation and evidence of customary international law (agenda item 8) Document A/CN.4/663. First report on formation and evidence of customary international law, by Sir Michael Wood, Special Rapporteur ................................................................. 109 Document A/CN.4/659. Elements in the previous work of the International Law Commis- sion that could be particularly relevant to the topic .......................................................... 145 Checklist of documents of the sixty-fifth session ............................................................... 165 iii ABBREVIATIONS APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations CIL customary international law EC European Community ICJ International Court of Justice ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross ICSID International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes IFRC International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Development ILO International Labour Organization ITLOS International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement OAS Organization of American States OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development PCIJ Permanent Court of International Justice UNCITRAL United Nations Commission on International Trade Law UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNDRO Office of the United Nations Disaster Relief Office UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNHCR Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNISDR United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction WCO World Customs Organization WTO World Trade Organization * * * I.C.J. Reports ICJ, Reports of Judgments, Advisory Opinions and Orders P.C.I.J., Series A PCIJ, Collection of Judgments (Nos. 1–24: up to and including 1930) AFDI Annuaire français de droit international (Paris) AJIL American Journal of International Law (Washington, D.C.) BYBIL The British Year Book of International Law (London) ECHR European Court of Human Rights, Reports of Judgments and Decisions. All judgments and decisions of the Court, including those not published in the official series, can be consulted in the database of the Court (HUDOC), available from the Court’s website (www.echr.coe.int). ILM International Legal Materials (Washington, D.C.) ILR International Law Reports (Cambridge) LGDJ Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence (Paris) RGDIP Revue générale de droit international public (Paris) UNRIAA United Nations, Reports of International Arbitral Awards * * * In the present volume, the “International Tribunal for Rwanda” refers to the International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Genocide and Other Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of Rwanda and Rwandan Citizens Responsible for Genocide and Other Such Violations Committed in the Territory of Neighbouring States, between 1 January and 31 December 1994; and the “International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia” refers to the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991. * * * iv NOTE CONCERNING QUOTATIONS In quotations, words or passages in italics followed by an asterisk were not italicized in the original text. Unless otherwise indicated, quotations from works in languages other than English have been translated by the Secretariat. * * * The Internet address of the International Law Commission is http://legal.un.org/ilc/. v PROTECTION OF PERSONS IN THE EVENT OF DISASTERS [Agenda item 4] DOCUMENT A/CN.4/662 Sixth report on the protection of persons in the event of disasters, by Mr. Eduardo Valencia-Ospina, Special Rapporteur [Original: English] [3 May 2013] CONTENTS Page Multilateral instruments cited in the present report ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Works cited in the present report .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Paragraphs INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1–10 4 PREVENTION ............................................................................................................................................................................... 11–162 6 A. Historical development of the concept of disaster risk reduction ....................................................................... 11–35 6 B. Prevention as a principle of international law ................................................................................................... 36–69 9 1. Human rights law ....................................................................................................................................... 42–53 11 2. Environmental law ...................................................................................................................................... 54–69 13 (a) Due diligence ...................................................................................................................................... 61–65 14 (b) Precautionary principle ....................................................................................................................... 66–69 15 C. International cooperation on prevention ............................................................................................................. 70–112 16 1. Bilateral instruments ................................................................................................................................... 76–81 17 2. Multilateral instruments .............................................................................................................................. 82–112 18 (a) Global instruments .............................................................................................................................. 85–93 19 (b) Regional instruments .......................................................................................................................... 94–112 21 D. National policy and legislation ........................................................................................................................... 113–161 24 1. Risk prevention ..........................................................................................................................................