Water Quality Status of Maharashtra 2015-16 The Energy & Resources Institute i Water Quality Status of Maharashtra 2015-16 (Compilation of Water Quality Data Recorded by MPCB) December 2016 Prepared by i iii Abbreviations BIS Bureau of Indian Standards BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand CGWB Central Ground Water Board CPCB Central Pollution Control Board CWC Central Water Commission DO Dissolved Oxygen FC Fecal Coliform GEMS Global Environment Monitoring System GIS Geographical Information System GSDA Groundwater Surveys & Development Agency MINARS Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Resources System MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests MPCB Maharashtra Pollution Control Board NSFWQI National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index NWMP National Water Monitoring Program pH Power of Hydrogen RO Regional Office SD Standards Deviation Shp Shape files SPCBs State Pollution Control Boards SW Surface Water WHO World Health Organisation WQMS Water Quality Monitoring Stations YAP Yamuna Action Plan v Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................ V TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................. VII LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................ X LIST OF MAPS ............................................................................................................................. XIII LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... XIV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 1 Surface Water Quality ..................................................................................................... 2 Ground water Quality ..................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 9 Water Pollution ....................................................................................................................... 9 Water Pollution Act ....................................................................................................... 10 National Water Quality Monitoring Program .................................................................. 10 GEMS ............................................................................................................................... 10 MINARS .......................................................................................................................... 10 Monitoring Network ..................................................................................................... 11 WATER QUALITY MONITORING IN MAHARASHTRA .............................................................. 13 Monitoring network in Maharashtra – GEMS and MINARS .................................. 14 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................... 17 Spatial Maps .......................................................................................................................... 18 Sub -basin level maps .................................................................................................... 18 MPCB Regional Office (RO) maps ............................................................................... 18 Organizing and presentation of the data sets ................................................................... 18 Water Quality Index ............................................................................................................. 18 WQI for surface water ................................................................................................... 19 WQI for groundwater .................................................................................................... 23 SURFACE WATER QUALITY ......................................................................................................... 29 Tapi Basin .............................................................................................................................. 31 Tapi Basin (Intra Basin analysis) .................................................................................. 32 Water Quality Index for WQMS in Tapi Basin .......................................................... 38 Spatial map of Surface WQI at Tapi Basin (April -2015) .......................................... 40 Spatial map of Surface WQI at Tapi Basin (December-2015) ................................... 41 Godavari Basin (1 of 2): Godavari upper, Godavari Middle and Manjra Sub basin .. 43 Godavari Basin (1 of 2) (Intra Basin analysis) ............................................................ 44 Water Quality Index for WQMS in Godavari Basin (1 of 2): Sub-Basin - Godavari Upper ........................................................................................................................ 50 Water Quality Index for WQMS in Godavari Basin (1 of 2): Sub-Basin - Godavari Middle and Manjra .................................................................................................. 52 vii Water Quality Status of Maharashtra 2015-16 Spatial map of SurfaceWQI at Godavari Basin (1 of 2) (April 2015) ....................... 54 Spatial map of Surface WQI at Godavari Basin (1 of 2) (December 2015) ............. 55 Godavari Basin (2 of 2): Wardha, Weinganga and Pranhita Sub basin ........................ 57 Godavari Basin (2 of 2) (Intra Basin analysis) ............................................................ 58 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Godavari Basin (2 of 2): Sub-basin- Wardha. 64 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Godavari Basin (2 of 2): Sub-basin- Weinganga and Pranhita ............................................................................................................. 66 Spatial map of Surface WQI in Godavari Basin (2 of 2) (April 2015)...................... 68 Spatial map of Surface WQI in Godavari Basin (2 of 2) (December 2015) ............. 69 Krishna Basin ........................................................................................................................ 71 Krishna Basin (Intra Basin analysis) ............................................................................ 72 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Krishna Basin (1 of 2): Sub-basin - Bhima upper (1 of 2) ............................................................................................................................ 78 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Krishna Basin (1 of 2): Sub-basin - Bhima upper (2 of 2) ............................................................................................................................ 84 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Krishna Basin (2 of 2): Sub-Basin - Krishna upper .................................................................................................................................... 90 Spatial map of Surface WQI at Krishna Basin (April 2015) ...................................... 92 Spatial map of Surface WQI at Krishna Basin (December 2015) ............................. 93 West Flowing Rivers ............................................................................................................ 95 West Flowing River Basin (Intra Basin analysis) ....................................................... 96 Water Quality Index of WQMS on West Flowing rivers (1 of 2) .......................... 102 Water Quality Index of WQMS on West Flowing rivers (Coastal basin) (2 of 2)108 Spatial map of Surface WQI of West Flowing rivers (April 2015) ........................ 110 Spatial map of Surface WQI of West Flowing rivers (December 2015) ................ 111 NALLAHS .................................................................................................................................... 113 Water Quality Index for WQMS at Nallah (Coastal basin) .................................... 118 SALINE (SEA AND CREEK) WATER QUALITY .......................................................................... 123 Coastal Basin (Sea/Creek water sample) ................................................................. 124 Water quality Index for WQMS monitoring Sea and Creek water (1 of 2) .......... 134 Water quality Index for WQMS monitoring Sea and Creek water (2 of 2) .......... 136 Spatial map of WQI for Sea and Creek Water (April 2015) ................................... 138 Spatial map of WQI for Sea and Creek Water (December 2015) ........................... 139 GROUNDWATER QUALITY ........................................................................................................ 141 Water Quality Index for ground water at Kalyan, Navi Mumbai, Raigad and Thane. .................................................................................................................................. 158 Water Quality Index for ground water at Amravati, Aurangabad and Nashik. 160 Water Quality Index for ground water at Chandrapur and Nagpur. .................. 162 Water Quality Index for ground water at Kolhapur and Pune. ............................ 164 Spatial map for Ground WQI in Kalyan, Navi Mumbai, Raigad and