"10/153 c OPHTHALMOLOGY ORAL HISTORY SERIES A Link With Our Past An Interview with Thomas David Duane, MD OPHTHALMOLOGY ORAL HISTORY SERIES A Link With Our Past Thomas David Duane, MD c.1978 Thomas David Duane, MD Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson Medical College An Interview Conducted by Sally Smith Hughes, PhD, 1988 With Introductions by Joseph S. Gonnella, MD Edward A. Jaeger, MD William S. Tasman, MD The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco Regional Oral History Office, University of California at Berkeley It is recommended that this oral history be cited as follows: Thomas David Duane. MD. Ophthalmology Oral History Series, A Link With Our Past, an oral history conducted in 1988 by Sally Smith Hughes, Regional Oral History Office, University of California, Berkeley in cooperation with The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Copyright 1989 by The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between Harold G. Scheie, MD and The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the University of California, dated January 30, 1988. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and The Bancroft Library of the University of California at Berkeley. No part may be reproduced, quoted, or transmitted in any form without the written permission from the Executive Vice Chairman of The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology or the Director of The Bancroft Library of the University of California at Berkeley. Requests for permission to quote for publication should include identification of the specific passages to be quoted, anticipated use of the passages, and identification of the user. The legal agreement with Thomas D. Duane, MD, requires that he be notified of the request and allowed thirty days in which to respond. Cover & Title Page Design: Romaniello Design Printed in the United States The Foundation of the American Regional Oral History Office Academy of Ophthalmology The Bancroft Library 655 Beach St. University of California P.O. Box 6988 Berkeley, CA 94720 San Francisco, CA 94101-6988 CATALOG CARD DUANE, Thomas David born 1917 ophthalmologist Thomas David Duane, MD: Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson Medical College, 1989, xxviii, 178pp. Ophthalmology Oral History Series The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and The University of California at Berkeley. Irish/German family background; Joseph Duane's (father) ophthalmic training and practice; Harvard undergraduate; medical education, Master of Science degree under Andrew Conway Ivy, Northwestern University Medical School; obstetrics rotation, Henrotin Hospital, Chicago; internship, Evanston Hospital, Illinois; residency under C.S. O'Brien, doctorate in physiology under Harry N. Hines and William A. Robbie, University of Iowa Medical School; ophthalmic research; private practice in Minot, North Dakota and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; home/farm, Bedminster, Pennsylvania; four children; navy flight surgeon, School of Aviation Medicine, Pensacola Naval Air Station, Florida; blackout research, Naval Air Development Center, Johnsville, Pennsylvania; student, artificial radioisotope course, Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies; associate, department of physiology, associate and research associate, department of ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania; associate, department of ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; diplomate, American Board of Preventive Medicine; chairman, department of ophthalmology, chairman, curriculum committee, key faculty members, ophthalmology resident training program, president of the medical staff, Thomas Jefferson University Medical School; affiliation of Wills Eye Hospital and Jefferson; reorganization, new hospital design, ophthalmologist-in-chief, Wills Eye Hospital; survey of ophthalmic research for Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc., basis for Ophthalmic Research: U.S.A., problems with National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness; congressional testimony, formation, National Eye Institute; medical organization and committee memberships; editor, Clinical Ophthalmology, Biomedical Foundations of Ophthalmology, honors; Shakespeare student and teacher. Introductions by Joseph S. Gonnella, MD, Edward A. Jaeger, MD, and William S. Tasman, MD Interviewed 1988 by SaUy Smith Hughes, PhD ISBN 0-926866-03-6 VI OPHTHALMOLOGY ORAL HISTORY SERIES Dorhmann Kaspar Pischel, MD 1988 Phillips Thygeson, MD 1988 Harold Glendon Scheie, MD 1989 Thomas David Duane, MD 1989 Paul Boeder, PhD In progress David Glendenning Cogan, MD In progress Alfred E. Maumenee, MD In progress Dupont Guerry, III, MD In progress The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology San Francisco, California Oral Histories Committee Members & Staff: Susan Festa Jill Hartle Patricia I. Meagher David J. Noonan Arnall Patz, MD Erica E. Perez William H. Spencer, MD Stanley M. Truhlsen, MD Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library University of California at Berkeley Project Staff: Willa K. Baum Sally S. Hughes, PhD Sophia Hayes Shannon Page VII DONOR REGISTRY The oral history of David Thomas Duane, MD has been made possible through the generosity of the following contributors: Wills Eye Hospital Philadelphia, Pennsylvania WiUs Eye Hospital Staff Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Malcolm A. McCannel, MD Minneapolis, Minnesota Ophthalmic Club of Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Thomas David Duane, MD CONTENTS PREFACE xii INTRODUCTION by Joseph S. Gonnella, MD xiv INTRODUCTION by Edward A. Jaeger, MD xvi INTRODUCTION by William S. Tasman, MD xviii INTERVIEW HISTORY by SaUy S. Hughes, PhD xxi Oral History Process xxiii BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION xxv I. FAMILY BACKGROUND AND EDUCATION 1 Grandparents 1 Father 4 Mother 7 Early Education 10 Harvard Undergraduate, 1935-1939 14 Northwestern University Medical School, 1939-1943 20 Master of Science under Andrew Conway Ivy 22 Henrotin Hospital, Chicago 26 Internship, Evanston Hospital, 1943-1944 28 Julia McElhinney Duane 29 University oflowa, 1944-1947 32 Residency under C.S. O'Brien 32 Doctoral Research under Harry N. Hines and William A. Robbie 35 Experimental Lenticular Opacities Produced by Microwave Irradiation, 1948 39 II. OPHTHALMOLOGIST IN PRIVATE PRACTICE 41 Minot, North Dakota, February-August, 1949 41 The Farm in Bedminster, Pennsylvania 43 Private Practice in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, 1949-1962 44 Children 47 III. MILITARY SERVICE 51 Korean War Volunteer Duty, 1951-1953 . 51 School of Aviation Medicine, Pensacola, Florida, 1951 52 Naval Air Development Center, Johnsville, Pennsylvania, 1951-1953 54 Heterophoria in Pilots 59 Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies, 1953 61 Associate, Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, 1952-1954 63 Associate, Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1953-1954 64 Diplomate, American Board of Preventive Medicine, 1955 65 IV. ACADEMIA 67 Research Associate, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, 1960-1962 67 Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College, 1962-1981 70 Key Faculty Members 74 The Residents 77 Chairman, Curriculum Committee 79 President of the Staff, Jefferson Medical College Hospital, 1970-1973 83 Affiliation of Wills Eye Hospital and Thomas Jefferson University Medical School 85 Opposition 85 Prior Affiliation with Temple University 86 Orchestrating the Affiliation 87 Reorganization at Wills 88 Building WiUs Eye Hospital 89 V. COMMITTEE WORK, MEMBERSHIPS, PUBLICATIONS, AND HONORS 95 Ophthalmic Research: U.S.A 95 Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc 95 Conducting the Survey 96 Scientific Advisory Panel, Research to Prevent Blindness ... 99 Optometry 100 National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness [NINDB] 103 Testifying in Congress for an Eye Institute 104 National Eye Institute [NEI] 106 American Ophthalmological Society, 1966-present 108 Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology, 1947 109 Member, National Advisory Eye Council, 1978-1981 Ill Vision Research 115 Ocular Melanoma Task Force, 1979 116 Papers 118 Superficial Keratitis, 1959 118 Research on Twins, 1965 119 Valsalva Hemorrhagic Retinopathy, 1972 124 Pseudo-Duane's Retraction Syndrome, 1976 127 XI White-centered Hemorrhages, 1980 128 Clinical Ophthalmology 130 Committee Work 135 Chairman, Section Council on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association 135 Member, American Board of Ophthalmology, 1981-1984 . 138 Councillor, American Academy of Ophthalmology 140 Member, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 143 Member, Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology, 1962-1981 144 Member, Residency Review Committee for Ophthalmology of the Liaison Committee of Graduate Medical Education, 1976-1980 145 Member, American College of Surgeons 145 Honors 147 The Thomas D. Duane Ophthalmological Society 148 The Thomas D. Duane Chair for Ophthalmology Research .... 149 Roles within Ophthalmology 150 Shakespeare 154 Contributions 155 APPENDICES Curriculum Vitae 159 Bibliography 162 Book Reviews 166 INTERVIEWER BIOGRAPHY 170 INDEX . 171 Xll PREFACE Ophthalmology Oral History Series American ophthalmology has undergone striking changes since World War II, not only in terms of basic science,