E3S Web of Conferences 159, 05010 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015905010 BTSES-2020 The research of demographical indicators of the population's quality of life for sustainable development of Almaty region Gulnara Nyussupova1,*, Roza Kelinbayeva1, Alla Makhrova2, Gaukhar Kairanbayeva1 1Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Department of Geography, Land Management and Cadastre, Almaty, Kazakhstan 2 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Department of Economic and Social Geography of Russia, Moscow, Russia Abstract Sustainable socio-economic development of the region can be achieved only if the strategic priority of development is a socially significant goal-improving the quality of life of the population. A system of quality of life's indicators includes both objective characteristics of a person or society, their life and standards of it and subjective estimated characteristics, that show subject's attitude to his life's realities. Demographical indicators, that characterize regularities of human reproduction, take an important place in the system of indicators, that determine quality of life. The "Concept of sustainable development" itself has a direct reproductive content and implies sustainable reproduction of a person, his quality parameters and living conditions, consistent with the laws of development and the principles of conservation of the natural environment. The issues of improving demographic indicators of the quality of life of the population are particularly relevant for the Almaty region – a region with a high demographic and labor potential, which plays an important role in the socio-economic and geopolitical development of the Republic, as a region with an agricultural orientation, occupying a transit position. 1 Introduction The sustainable development of the regions of Kazakhstan today is one of the priority tasks, since dynamically developing and competitive regions are the source of growth for the whole country, the support for pursuing the national policy of reducing territorial imbalances, and promoting a more balanced and sustainable development of the regions. The main goal of sustainable development can be represented as maintaining the integrity of the territory, improving the quality of life of people who live in harmony with the environment. The prospects for the sustainable development of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan depend on a detailed study of regional characteristics of the indicators of quality of life of the population (QOL). When determining the quality of life, it is necessary to analyze the indicators characterizing it. The application of key indicators of QOL provides an opportunity to assess the quality of life of the population of the regions of Kazakhstan and the formation of regional socio- economic policy. * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 159, 05010 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015905010 BTSES-2020 The diversity of aspects of human life determines the diversity of the very concept of “quality of life” and the criteria for evaluating it. In the national geographic scientific school, the assessment of the quality of life of population (QOL) is usually determined by four groups of factors that together constitute the conditions for the formation of quality of life at the regional level – social, demographic, economic, and environmental. The studied region – Almaty region occupies an important geopolitical position and has a unique natural, demographic, economic and historical-cultural potential. The effective use of the region’s potential can ensure sustainable development, high level and quality of life of the population. An important place in assessing the level of QOL of Almaty region is occupied by demographic processes such as birth rate, mortality, natural growth, migration, life expectancy, age and sex composition of the population, demographic burden, their changes, causes and consequences of these changes. The population of Almaty region is 11% of the population of the republic. The region is characterized by low urbanization, with a significant preponderance in the structure of the population of rural residents (76%), high birth rates, high migration outflow from villages, decline in living standard of certain districts, etc. [1] In our study, a geodatabase with key demographic indicators of the quality of life of the population of Almaty region by using geoinformation technologies was created. This will facilitate more in-depth knowledge of the regional aspects, clearly demonstrate, adequately and promptly analyze the trends in demographic processes, and, therefore, the differentiation of quality of life of the population in the region. 2 Materials and research methods Nowadays, a lot of attention is paid to the problem of quality of life and sustainable development of the regions. Many scientists take an objective approach in their studies to assessing the quality of life, the following authors can be noted in Russian science: M.N. Porfenenko, N.V. Zubarevich, A.B. Prokopovich, K.N. Misevich, C. B. Ryashchenko, S.A. Merkushev et al. [2- 4]. The study of quality of life as an indicator of sustainable development is considered in the works of P. Leochi, M.Yu. Saenko et al. [5-6] A number of works is devoted to the quality of life as an indicator of the sustainable development of rural areas: L.A. Tretyakova, N.I. Lavrikova, E. Zhanabekova. The demographic aspects of quality of life are studied in the works of B.Ts. Urlanis, A.Ya. Kvasha, A.P. Burjan, P.O. Kosyakov, V.A. Belova, A.E. Krupko et al. [7-8].Among Kazakhstani works devoted to the various aspects of socio-economic and socio- demographic studies of quality of life, such as living standards of the population, human development, and spatial and territorial differences in the indicators of quality of life, there are works by the following Kazakhstani geographers: Sh.M. Nadyrov, G.N. Nyussupova, A.M. Kalimurzina, G.K. Kairanbaeva, E.Zh. Imashev, and others. [9-13]. In this study, the analysis of the demographic components of the quality of life of the population of Almaty region was carried out for the indicators that are key indicators of quality of life. These include population dynamics, life expectancy, indicators of migration movement and natural movement. Mortality indicators are indicators of the quality of the environment and the socio- economic status of society. The important indicator of the quality of life is the level of infant mortality, which reflects the health of the population, determines the reproductive and labor potential of future generations of the country, which is at the same time an important indicator of the socio-economic conditions of society and the level of health care. The analysis of demographic indicators of the population of Almaty region is based on the calculation of official statistics for the administrative districts of Almaty region for the period from 1999 to 2018. Research methods: statistical, comparative, analytical groupings, 2 E3S Web of Conferences 159, 05010 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015905010 BTSES-2020 standardization, cartographic method by using new geographic information technologies, etc. 3 Results and discussion Almaty region is one of the largest regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (occupies 8.2% of the area of the Republic of Kazakhstan) with agro-industrial specialization, most of the population (76%) lives in rural areas. The region includes 3 cities of regional subordination (Taldykorgan, Kapshagai and Tekeli) and 17 administrative districts. Among the latest changes in the administrative-territorial division of the region, it is worth noting the separation of the Rayymbek district on April 2, 2018. The Kegen district with an administrative center in the village of Kegen was taken out from its structure, and therefore, the analysis of data on this area was not carried out until 2018 [14]. In the course of the study, the key demographic indicators characterizing the QOL of the districts of the Almaty region, presented in separate tables, were collected into a unified geodatabase. This data management model made it possible to structure all statistical information and integrate them with spatially coordinated objects of geodatabase. As a result, integrated and synthetic cartographic models of the development of demographic processes occurring in the region were created by using GIS. Thus, statistical information was interpreted into cartographic one, including one based on geomodeling. In addition, the geodatabase allows one to perform queries between indicators, to create selections with the necessary conditions for presenting the situation. The digitalization of demographic indicators allows updating and actualizing current statistical information, identifying regional imbalances, identifying areas of growth and risk, conducting operational monitoring of districts to manage demographic processes for the sustainable development of regions, especially Almaty region. Based on the formed geodatabase, a spatial geographic analysis of the demographic indicators of the quality of life of the population was made, which made it possible to identify the characteristics of the demographic development of the districts of Almaty region. [15]. Over the past decades, the