MicrosoftMicrosoft .NET.NET FrameworkFramework 7th Brazilian Symposium on Programming Languages Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil - May 28-30, 2003 AlissonAlisson SolSol SoftwareSoftware DesignDesign EngineerEngineer LeadLead MicrosoftMicrosoft CorporationCorporation AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements RedmondRedmond teamsteams MicrosoftMicrosoft BusinessBusiness SolutionsSolutions InformationInformation WorkerWorker –– NewNew MarketsMarkets PartPart II basedbased onon presentationpresentation byby BradBrad AbramsAbrams MicrosoftMicrosoft BrasilBrasil UniversityUniversity RelationsRelations LegalLegal WarningWarning OpinionsOpinions inin thisthis presentationpresentation dodo notnot necessarilynecessarily representrepresent thosethose ofof MicrosoftMicrosoft CorporationCorporation Microsoft .NET Framework - 2 SummarySummary PartPart II –– .NET.NET FrameworkFramework OverviewOverview Concepts Architecture Features PartPart IIII –– ApplicationApplication DevelopmentDevelopment Samples Tools NoteNote Some concepts from C# language presented on another lecture Will not explain programming language details Microsoft .NET Framework - 3 .NET.NET FrameworkFramework OverviewOverview MicrosoftMicrosoft .NET.NET FrameworkFramework -- PartPart II DefinitionDefinition OldOld .NET.NET isis thethe MicrosoftMicrosoft platformplatform forfor XMLXML WebWeb services.services. NewNew .NET.NET isis thethe setset ofof MicrosoftMicrosoft technologiestechnologies forfor connectingconnecting youryour worldworld ofof information,information, people,people, systems,systems, andand devices.devices. .NET.NET isis infusedinfused intointo thethe MicrosoftMicrosoft platformplatform providingproviding thethe abilityability toto build,build, host,host, deploydeploy andand consumeconsume XMLXML WebWeb serviceservice connectedconnected solutions.solutions. Microsoft .NET Framework - 5 DesignDesign GoalsGoals SimplifiedSimplified developmentdevelopment UnifiedUnified programmingprogramming modelsmodels WebWeb standardsstandards andand bestbest practicespractices SimpleSimple toto deploy,deploy, run,run, && maintainmaintain Microsoft .NET Framework - 6 Framework,Framework, Languages,Languages, AndAnd ToolsTools VB C++ C# JScript … Common Language Specification Visual Studio.NET ASP.NET Windows Forms Data and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime Microsoft .NET Framework - 7 Framework,Framework, Languages,Languages, AndAnd ToolsTools VB C++ C# JScript … Common Language Specification Visual Studio.NET ASP.NET Windows Forms Data and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime Microsoft .NET Framework - 8 CLRCLR DesignDesign GoalsGoals DramaticallyDramatically simplifysimplify applicationapplication developmentdevelopment ProvideProvide aa robustrobust andand securesecure executionexecution environmentenvironment SupportSupport multiplemultiple programmingprogramming languageslanguages SimplifySimplify deploymentdeployment andand managementmanagement Microsoft .NET Framework - 9 TheThe .NET.NET EvolutionEvolution Application Code and data structures Before COM, applications were completely separate entities with little or no integration Microsoft .NET Framework - 10 TheThe .NET.NET EvolutionEvolution COM provides a way for components to integrate. However, each component must provide the “plumbing” and objects cannot directly interact. Microsoft .NET Framework - 11 TheThe .NET.NET EvolutionEvolution With the .NET Framework common language runtime, components are built on a common substrate. No “plumbing” is needed and objects can directly interact Microsoft .NET Framework - 12 SimplifySimplify DevelopmentDevelopment CompletelyCompletely eliminateseliminates COMCOM plumbingplumbing NoNo more…more… RegistrationRegistration =>self described apps GUIDsGUIDs =>hierarchical namespaces .IDL.IDL filesfiles =>unified object model HRESULTsHRESULTs =>structured exceptions IUnknownIUnknown =>common root object AddRef/releaseAddRef/release =>garbage collector CoCreateInstanceCoCreateInstance =>”new” operator Microsoft .NET Framework - 13 SimplifySimplify DevelopmentDevelopment CommonCommon TypeType SystemSystem CommonCommon instanceinstance andand typetype definitiondefinition EnablesEnables cleanclean OOOO programmingprogramming ClassesClasses andand InterfacesInterfaces Constructors,Constructors, Properties,Properties, MethodsMethods CrossCross languagelanguage inheritanceinheritance Microsoft .NET Framework - 14 InheritanceInheritance Animal C#C# Mammal Bird JavaJava VBVB Microsoft .NET Framework - 15 CommonCommon LanguageLanguage RuntimeRuntime Base Class Library Support Thread Support COM Marshaler Type Checker Exception Manager Security Engine Debug Engine IL to Native Code Garbage Compilers Manager Collector Class Loader Microsoft .NET Framework - 16 CompilationCompilation andand ExecutionExecution Compilation Code Source Language MSIL Code Compiler Metadata Native JIT Code Compiler Before installation or the first time each Execution method is called Microsoft .NET Framework - 17 MetadataMetadata KeyKey toto simplersimpler programmingprogramming modelmodel GeneratedGenerated automaticallyautomatically StoredStored withwith codecode inin executableexecutable filefile (.dll(.dll oror .exe).exe) UsesUses existingexisting COFFCOFF formatformat Via existing extension mechanism StoredStored inin binarybinary formatformat ConvertibleConvertible to/fromto/from XMLXML SchemaSchema ConvertibleConvertible to/fromto/from COMCOM typetype librarieslibraries Microsoft .NET Framework - 18 Metadata:Metadata: CreationCreation AndAnd UseUse Source Reflection Serialization Code (e.g. SOAP) Designers Other Compiler Compiler Debugger Type Browser MetadataMetadata Profiler (and code) Schema Proxy Generator Generator XML encoding (WSDL) Microsoft .NET Framework - 19 RobustRobust AndAnd SecureSecure AutomaticAutomatic lifetimelifetime managementmanagement AllAll .NET.NET objectsobjects areare garbagegarbage collectedcollected NoNo straystray pointers,pointers, nono circularcircular referencesreferences MultiMulti--generationalgenerational markmark--andand--compactcompact GCGC SelfSelf configuring,configuring, dynamicallydynamically tunedtuned ExceptionException handlinghandling ErrorError handlinghandling isis aa 1st1st classclass conceptconcept (not(not boolbool oror HRESULTs)HRESULTs) DramaticallyDramatically improvedimproved errorerror reportingreporting IntegratedIntegrated withwith windowswindows SEHSEH Microsoft .NET Framework - 20 RobustRobust AndAnd SecureSecure Native code compilation MSIL No interpreter Install-time or run-time IL to native compilation C++ managed extensions Code correctness and type-safety IL can be verified to guarantee type-safety No unsafe casts, no uninitialized variables, no out-of-bounds array indexing Evidence-based security Policy grants permissions based on evidence (signatures, origin) Extensible permissions and policy Microsoft .NET Framework - 21 MultiMulti--languagelanguage PlatformPlatform TheThe freedomfreedom toto choosechoose languagelanguage AllAll featuresfeatures ofof .NET.NET platformplatform availableavailable toto anyany .NET.NET programmingprogramming languagelanguage ApplicationApplication componentscomponents cancan bebe writtenwritten inin multiplemultiple languageslanguages HighlyHighly leveragedleveraged toolstools Debuggers,Debuggers, profilers,profilers, codecode coveragecoverage analyzers,analyzers, etc.etc. WorkWork forfor allall languageslanguages Microsoft .NET Framework - 22 DeploymentDeployment AndAnd ManagementManagement AssembliesAssemblies TheThe unitunit ofof deployment,deployment, versioning,versioning, andand securitysecurity LikeLike DLLs,DLLs, butbut selfself--describingdescribing throughthrough manifestmanifest ZeroZero--impactimpact installinstall ApplicationsApplications andand componentscomponents cancan bebe sharedshared oror privateprivate SideSide--byby--sideside executionexecution MultipleMultiple versionsversions ofof thethe samesame componentcomponent cancan coco--exist,exist, eveneven inin thethe samesame processprocess Microsoft .NET Framework - 23 AssembliesAssemblies UnitUnit ofof deploymentdeployment One or more files, independent of packaging Self-describing via manifest VersioningVersioning Provided by compiler use of attributes Policy per-application as well as per-machine SecuritySecurity boundaryboundary Assemblies are granted permissions Methods can demand proof that a permission has been granted to entire call chain TypesTypes namednamed relativerelative toto assemblyassembly Microsoft .NET Framework - 24 SeamlessSeamless IntegrationIntegration AnyAny .NET.NET classclass cancan bebe usedused asas aa COMCOM classclass withwith zerozero extraextra workwork COMCOM classesclasses cancan bebe importedimported asas .NET.NET classesclasses .NET.NET classesclasses utilizeutilize com+com+ servicesservices TransactionsTransactions ObjectObject poolingpooling Etc…Etc… DLLDLL entryentry pointspoints C++C++ managedmanaged extensionsextensions Microsoft .NET Framework - 25 Framework,Framework, Languages,Languages, AndAnd ToolsTools VB C++ C# JScript … Common Language Specification Visual Studio.NET ASP.NET Windows Forms Data and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime Microsoft .NET Framework - 26 FrameworkFramework DesignDesign GoalsGoals MakeMake itit simplesimple toto useuse FactoredFactored andand extensibleextensible WebWeb standardsstandards andand practicespractices asas thethe foundationfoundation UnifyUnify applicationapplication modelsmodels Microsoft .NET Framework - 27 MakeMake ItIt SimpleSimple