Ireland Red List No. 11 Cartilaginous fish [Sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras] Ireland Red List No. 11: Cartilaginous fish [sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras] Maurice Clarke1, Edward D. Farrell2, William Roche3, Tomás E. Murray4, Stephen Foster5 and Ferdia Marnell6 1 Marine Institute 2Irish Elasmobranch Group 3Inland Fisheries Ireland 4National Biodiversity Data Centre 5Marine and Fisheries Division, Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs 6 National Parks & Wildlife Service Citation: Clarke, M., Farrell, E.D., Roche, W., Murray, T.E., Foster, S. and Marnell, F. (2016) Ireland Red List No. 11: Cartilaginous fish [sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras]. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Arts, Heritage, Regional, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs. Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: From top: Thornback ray (Raja clavata) © Sytske Dijksen; Rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) © Ed Farrell; Lesser-spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula) © Sytske Dijksen. Ireland Red List Series Editors: F. Marnell & B. Nelson © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2016 ISSN 2009-2016 1 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 5 Red list assessment methodology............................................................................................ 5 Red list categories & criteria ..................................................................................................... 6 Geographic and Taxonomic scope ........................................................................................... 7 Workshops and data collation ................................................................................................ 12 Aims ............................................................................................................................................ 13 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ................................................................................................................ 14 Comparison with other Red Lists .......................................................................................... 15 Threats to cartilaginous fish in Irish waters ........................................................................ 16 Management and conservation actions ................................................................................ 17 Current and future research priorities .................................................................................. 22 SPECIES ACCOUNTS ....................................................................................................................... 23 OCEANIC AND PELAGIC SPECIES .................................................................................................. 24 Lamna nasus (Bonneterre, 1788) ............................................................................................. 24 Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765) ................................................................................. 26 Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758) ..................................................................................... 28 Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) ........................................................................................... 30 SHELF AND COASTAL SPECIES ...................................................................................................... 33 Squatina squatina (Linnaeus, 1758) ....................................................................................... 33 Rostroraja alba (Lancepède, 1803) ......................................................................................... 34 Dipturus batis – complex A (= flossada) (Linnaeus, 1758) ................................................. 36 Dipturus batis – complex B (= intermedia) Parnell, 1837 ................................................... 39 Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758 .......................................................................................... 42 Raja undulata Lancepède, 1802 .............................................................................................. 44 Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758) ..................................................................................... 46 Dipturus oxyrinchus (Linnaeus, 1758) ................................................................................... 47 Leucoraja naevus (Müller and Henle, 1841) ......................................................................... 49 Leucoraja circularis (Couch, 1838) ......................................................................................... 51 Leucoraja fullonica (Linnaeus, 1758) ..................................................................................... 53 Tetronarce nobiliana Bonaparte, 1835 ................................................................................... 55 Raja brachyura Lafont, 1873 ................................................................................................... 56 Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) .................................................................................. 58 Raja microocellata, Montagu, 1818 ....................................................................................... 60 Raja montagui Fowler, 1910 .................................................................................................... 62 Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 ................................................................................................... 64 Mustelus asterias Cloquet, 1821 ............................................................................................. 66 Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) ................................................................................. 68 2 DEEPWATER SPECIES ...................................................................................................................... 70 Centroscymnus coelolepis Barbosa du Bocage and de Brito Capello, 1864 .................... 70 Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) ....................................................................... 71 Centroselachus crepidater (Barbosa du Bocage and de Brito Capello, 1864) .................. 73 Dalatias licha (Bonneterre, 1788) ........................................................................................... 75 Deania calcea (Lowe, 1839)...................................................................................................... 77 Hexanchus griseus (Bonneterre, 1788) .................................................................................... 79 Etmopterus princeps Collett, 1904 .......................................................................................... 80 Apristurus manis (Springer, 1979) .......................................................................................... 82 Apristurus melanoasper Iglesias, Nakaya and Stehmann, 2004 ....................................... 83 Apristurus microps (Gilchrist, 1922) ...................................................................................... 85 Scymnodon ringens Barbosa du Bocage and de Brito Capello, 1864 ................................ 86 Oxynotus paradoxus Frade, 1929 ............................................................................................ 88 Dipturus nidarosiensis (Storm, 1881) ..................................................................................... 89 Neoraja caerulea (Stehmann, 1976)........................................................................................ 91 Chimaera opalescens Luchetti, Iglesias and Sellos, 2011 ................................................... 93 Malacoraja kreffti Stehmann, 1977........................................................................................ 94 Chimaera monstrosa Linnaeus, 1758 ..................................................................................... 96 Rhinochimaera atlantica Holt and Byrne, 1909................................................................... 97 Hydrolagus mirabilis (Collett, 1904) ...................................................................................... 99 Apristurus aphyodes Nakaya and Stehmann, 1998 ........................................................... 100 Apristurus laurussonii (Saemundsson, 1922) ..................................................................... 102 Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825) ........................................................................... 104 Galeus melastomus Rafinsesque, 1810 ................................................................................ 105 Galeus murinus (Collett, 1904) .............................................................................................. 107 Etmopterus spinax (Linnaeus, 1758) .................................................................................... 108 Rajella fyllae (Lütken, 1887) ................................................................................................. 110 Rajella kukujevi (Dolganov, 1985) ....................................................................................... 112 Rajella bathyphila (Holt and Byrne, 1908) ......................................................................... 113 Amblyraja