April 2007 Teacher's Guide About the Guide ............................................................................................................ 3 Student Questions ........................................................................................................ 4 Answers to Student Questions .................................................................................... 6 ChemMatters Puzzle: GRID QUOTE............................................................................. 9 GRID QUOTE: ANSWERS .................................................................................... 10 Content Reading Guide .............................................................................................. 11 National Science Education Content Standard Addressed.....................................................................11 Anticipation Guides .................................................................................................... 12 Question From the Classroom: Polymers in Iraq ....................................................................................12 Paintball!..................................................................................................................................................13 Gold in Your Tank....................................................................................................................................14 Retiring Old Tires.....................................................................................................................................15 The Captivating Chemistry of Coins........................................................................................................16 The Death of Alexander Litvinenko .........................................................................................................17 Reading Strategies...................................................................................................... 18 Questions from the Classroom: Polymers in Iraq....................................................................................19 Paintball!..................................................................................................................................................20 Gold in Your Tank....................................................................................................................................21 Retiring Old Tires.....................................................................................................................................22 The Captivating Chemistry of Coins........................................................................................................23 The Death of Alexander Litvinenko .........................................................................................................24 Paintball! ...................................................................................................................... 25 Background Information ..........................................................................................................................25 Connections to Chemistry Concepts .......................................................................................................29 Possible Student Misconceptions............................................................................................................30 Demonstrations and Lessons..................................................................................................................30 Suggestions for Student Projects ............................................................................................................31 Anticipating Student Questions ...............................................................................................................31 Websites for additional Information .........................................................................................................32 Gold in Your Tank ....................................................................................................... 33 Background Information ..........................................................................................................................33 Connections to Chemistry Concepts .......................................................................................................37 Possible Student Misconceptions............................................................................................................37 Demonstrations and Lessons..................................................................................................................38 Student Projects ......................................................................................................................................39 Anticipating Student Questions ...............................................................................................................39 Websites for Additional Information.........................................................................................................40 Retiring Old Tires ........................................................................................................ 45 Background Information ..........................................................................................................................45 Connections to Chemistry Concepts .......................................................................................................49 Possible Student Misconceptions............................................................................................................50 Demonstrations and Lessons..................................................................................................................50 Suggestions for Student Projects ............................................................................................................51 Anticipating Student Questions ...............................................................................................................51 Websites for Additional Information.........................................................................................................52 1 The Captivating Chemistry of Coins.......................................................................... 53 Background Information ..........................................................................................................................53 Connections to Chemistry Concepts .......................................................................................................56 Possible Student Misconceptions............................................................................................................56 Demonstrations and Lessons..................................................................................................................57 Suggestions for Student Projects ............................................................................................................58 Anticipating Student Questions ...............................................................................................................58 Websites for Additional Information.........................................................................................................59 The Death of Alexander Litvinenko ........................................................................... 61 Background Information ..........................................................................................................................61 Connections to Chemistry Concepts .......................................................................................................70 Possible Student Misconceptions............................................................................................................70 Demonstrations and Lessons..................................................................................................................71 Student Projects ......................................................................................................................................72 Anticipating Student Questions ...............................................................................................................73 Websites for Additional Information.........................................................................................................75 2 About the Guide William Bleam, Donald McKinney, Mark Michalovic, and Ronald Tempest, TG Editors, created the teacher’s guide article material. [email protected] Susan Cooper prepared the national science education content, anticipation, and reading guides. [email protected] Sandra Barlow, Senior Program Associate, Terri Taylor, CM Administrative Editor, and Carl Heltzel, Editor, coordinated production and prepared the MS Word and PDF versions of the Guide. [email protected] David Olney created the puzzle. [email protected] NOTE: articles from past issues of ChemMatters can be accessed from a CD that is available from the American Chemical Society for $25. The CD contains all ChemMatters issues from 1983 to 2003. The 2006 ChemMatters Print Index can be purchased for $12 and covers all issues from 1983 to 2006. Purchase information can be found online at: http://chemistry.org/chemmatters/cd3.html 3 Student Questions Paintball! 1. What is the source of the gelatin that makes up the outer coating of paintballs? 2. Name the substance that comprises most