A Global Forum for Naval Historical Scholarship International Journal of Naval History August 2005 Volume 4 Number 2 Admiral Erich Raeder: A Bibliography (From a forthcoming biography to be published by Naval Institute Press) Keith W. Bird Chancellor Kentucky Community and Technical College System, USA A Note on Archival and Documentary Sources. The author’s 1985 German Naval History: A Guide to the Literature provided much of the background for the historiography of the Raeder era and analyzes the key studies and research issues (see Chapter I, “The Writing of German Naval History”). Chapter II, “Sources of German Naval History,” evaluates the documentary record, both published and archival resources available. Since 1985, there have been a number of developments to facilitate the work of the scholar. The Bundesarchiv has published guides to a number of its collections of private papers (Nachlässe) and its website (www.bundesarchiv.de) provides an excellent oversight of its holdings. Another example is The Avalon Project at Yale Law School (www.yale.edu/lawweb), which provides the proceedings of the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. The transfer of the Berlin Document Center to German control in 1994 and the microfilming of its records to the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration have increased access to the extensive records of the NSDAP. Space does not permit a listing of all the records consulted and utilized for this study, however, the significant documentary files will be noted for each archive. There have been some changes over the last 30 years in the Bundesarchiv-Militärchiv in the Signatur of some of the documents. The PG classification used by the British in cataloguing the captured naval archives is still valuable in tying together the collections of the Militärarchiv and reconciling earlier evaluations of the documents. When the author was first working in Freiburg, the Raeder collection (Sammlung Grossadmiral Raeder, RM 6) was in process of being compiled; today, it exists as N 391. Both references are utilized in this study. Three published documentary sources require special attention because they have greatly enhanced access to the primary sources for the war years, 1914-1918 and 1939-1945. The first, Kriegstagebuch der Seekriegsleitung 1939- 1945, published in 68 volumes (1988-1997), represents Teil A of the SKL’s KTB and is an indispensable tool for understanding the naval leadership’s evaluation and conduct of the war at sea. The Signatur of the original documents are RM 7 (earlier classifications of the KTB were: Kr/Chef under the Kriegswissenschaft Abteilung der Marine OKM/SKL; British Admiralty PG; and Dokumentenzentale des MGFA, III M 1000). The second, Die deutsche Seekriegsleitung im Ersten Weltkrieg: Documentation, published in 4 volumes (1999- ), represents an attempt to duplicate the KTB of the Second World War—a task made difficult by the lack of any centralized naval command (until the creation of the Seekriegsleitung in August 1918. Michael Salewski’s 1973 documentary collection, Denkschriften und Lagebetrachtungen 1938-1944, Vol. III of his Die deutsche Seekriegsleitung 1935-1945, provides a valuable collection of the key documents of the critical pre-war years and the assessments of the SKL over the course of the war. Additional documentary records, especially those relating to the “continuity” debate of German naval history in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries can be found in the studies of Gerhard Schreiber, notably his 1979 “Zur Kontinuität des Gross- und Weltmachstrebens der deutschen Marineführung.” I. Unpublished Sources Berlin Document Center-NSDAP Files Albrecht, Conrad Boschmann, Friedrich Busse, Wilhelm Levetzow, Magnus v. Raeder, Erich Schultze, Otto Trotha, Adolf v. Bundesarchiv-Koblenz Nachlässe Boas Nachlass Dietrich Nachlass Gessler Nachlass Koch-Weser Nachlass Noske Nachlass Saemisch Nachlass Schiffer Nachlass Documents (Reichskanzlei) C. Bundesarchiv – Militärarchiv, Freiburg im Breisgau. Nachlasse MSg 296-298. Erich Frühling “Wehrbetreuung bei der Kriegsmarine im Zweiten Weltkrieg” N 173 Nachlass Behncke N 582 Nachlass Bräckow N 172 Nachlass Boehm N 170 Nachlass Capelle N 236 Nachlass Dönitz N 155 Nachlass Firle N 328 Nachlass Förste N 374 Nachlass von Friedeburg N 548 Nachlass Fuchs N 46 Nachlass Groener N 165 Nachlass Groos N 162 Nachlass Hipper N 161 Nachlass Keyserlngk N 239 Nachlass Levetzow N 256 Nachlass Marshall N 164 Nachlass Michael N 537 Nachlass Meisel (Wilhelm) N 169 Nachlass Oldekop N 391 Nachlass Raeder N 379 Nachlass Ruge N 201 Nachlass Schultze (O.) N 516 Nachlass Schultze-Hinrichs (Alfred) N 253 Nachlass Tirpitz N 42 Nachlass Schleicher N 224 Nachlass Truppel N 171 Nachlass Waldeyer-Hartz N 539 Nachlass Wagner (Gerhard) N 607 Nachlass Wegener N 316 Nachlass Weichold N 158 Nachlass Widenmann Documents Akten der Seekriegsleitung, RM 7 Innere Unruhen, II M 65 Kriegswissenschaftliche Abteilung der Marine (Bekanntmachungen/Laufende Befehle), RM 8 Marineakademie, II M 58 Marine-Archiv, III M 503 Marinekommandoamt, RM 20 Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine, RM 6 SKL, Kriegstagebuch, Teil A, III M 1000 D. Forschungsinstitut der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Archiv der sozialen Demokratie, Bonn Giebel Nachlass E. Institut für Zeitgeschichte, Munich Zeugenschrifttum Admiral Leopold Bürkner, No. 364 Admiral Wilhelm Meisel, No. 1739 Admiral Siegfried Sorge, No. 1785 F. National Archives, Washington Luetgebrune papers (microfilm: T 253, rolls 3-5, 11-15) Records of the German Navy (T-1022) Von Seeckt papers (microfilm) G. Niedersächsisches Staatsarchiv Bückeburg Nachlass Adolf v. Trotha (Depos. 18) Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amts. Abteilung II F-AbrüstungBüro des Reichsministers (Büro RM) Abteilung II F-M (Militär und Marine) Büro des Reichsministers (Büro RM) Handelspolitische Abteilung (HaPol) Politische Abteilung I M, and II U.S. Department of the Navy – Operational Archives Section of the Division of Naval History. Naval Historical Center, Washington Navy Yard (many of the documents are also available through NARA) Post war essays by Kurt Assmann, Karl Dönitz, Eberhard Godt, Oskar Wehr, and Eberhard Weichold Raeder Dossier ONI translated documents: Battle Instructions, KTB extracts and reports and memorandum from the captured German naval archives used at the Nuremberg. II. Published Documents and Official Histories Allgemeiner Kongress der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte Deutschlands vom 16. bis 21. Dezember 1918 im Abgeordnetenhause zu Berlin. Stenographische Berichte. Berlin, 1919. Akten zur deutschen auswärtigen Politik. Series B: 1925-1933. Göttingen, 1966-1978; Series C: 1933-1937. Göttingen, 1971-1975; Series D: 1937-1941. Baden-Baden and Göttingen, 1950-1970; Series E: 1941-1945. Göttingen, 1969-1979. Burdick, Charles and Ralph H. Lutz, eds. The Political Institutions of the German Revolution 1918-1919. Stanford, 1966. Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg. 6 Vols. Stuttgart, 1979-1990. Domarus, Max, Hitler, Reden und Proklamationen, 1932-1945, 5 vols. Munich, 1965. Ernst, Fritz, ed. Aus dem Nachlass des Generals Walther Reinhardt. Stuttgart, 1958. Fuehrer Conferences in Matters Dealing with the German Navy. 7 vols. Washington, DC, 1947. Granier, Gerhard, ed. Die deutsche Seekriegsleitung im Ersten Weltkrieg. Dokumentation. 4 vols. Koblenz, 1999-. International Military Tribunal. Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Tribunal, 42 vols. Nuremberg, 1947-1949. Der Krieg zur See. 1914-1918, 22 vols. Berlin, 1922-1966. Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht (Wehrmachtführungsstab) 1940- 1945. Ed. by Percy Ernst Schramm. 4 vols. Frankfurt, 1961-1979. Kriegstagebuch der Seekriegsleitung 1939-1945. Teil A. Ed. By Werner Rahn and Gerhard Schreiber and Hansjoseph Maierhöfer. 68 vols. Herford and Bonn, 1988-1997. Lutz, Ralph H., ed. The Causes of the German Collapse in 1918. Sections of the officially authorized report of the Commission of the German Constituent Assembly and of the German Reichstag, 1919-1928, the selection and the translation officially approved by the commission. Stanford, 1934. Marineverordnungsblatt. Berlin, 1918-1945. Martienssen, Anthony K., ed. Fueher Conferences on Naval Affairs. Republished in Brassey’s Naval Annual. New York, 1948. Michaelis, Herbert and Ernst Schraepler, eds. Ursachen und Folgen. Vom deutschen Zusammenbruch 1918 und 1945 bis zur staatlichen Neuordnung Deutschlands in der Gegenwart. Eine Urkunden- und Dokumentensammlung zurZeitgeschichte. 15 vols. Berlin, n.d. Reichsgesetzblatt. Berlin 1918-1933. Picker, Henry. Hitlers Tischgespräche im Führerhauptquartier 1941-1942 Stuttgart, 1963. Ritter, Gerhard A. and Susanne Miller, eds. Die deutsche Revolution 1918-1919. Dokumente. Frankfurt am Main and Hamburg, 1968. Schüddekopf, Otto-Ernst, ed. Das Heer und die Republik. Quellen zur Politik der Reichswehrführung 1918 bis 1933. Hannover and Frankfurt, 1955. Stenographische Berichte des Deutschen Bundestages Stizung am Mittwoch, dem 1. Dezember 1926, vormittags 11.00 Uhr, im Auswärtigen Amt. Der Monat. I (March, 1949), pp. 103-105. Tirpitz, Alfred v. Politische Dokumente. Der Aufbau der deutschen Weltmacht. Stuttgart and Berlin, 1925. --------. Politische Dokumente. Deutsche Ohnmachtspolitik im Weltkrieg, Hamburg and Berlin, 1926. Treue, Wilhelm, Möller, Eberhard and Rahn, Werner. Deutsche Marinerüstung 1919- 1942: Die Gefahren der Tirpitz-Tradition [Treue-Denkschrift]. Herford and Bonn, 1992. Wagner, Gerhard, ed. Lagevorträge des Oberbefehlshabers der Kriegsmarine vor