43rd PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development EVIDENCE NUMBER 019 Wednesday, March 17, 2021 Chair: Mr. Francis Scarpaleggia 1 Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development Wednesday, March 17, 2021 ● (1430) The Canada-wide strategy on zero plastic waste has a two-phase [Translation] Canada-wide action plan on zero plastic waste that aims to support The Chair (Mr. Francis Scarpaleggia (Lac-Saint-Louis, Canada’s shift to a circular economy for plastics. It contains actions Lib.)): Hello. I'd like to welcome you all to the 19th meeting of the that contribute to reaching the ambitious plastic waste reduction Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Develop‐ targets laid out in the Ocean Plastics Charter. ment. I should just let you know that the meeting is scheduled to end at Canada’s plan is directly related to global actions aimed at im‐ 4:30 p.m. proving plastic waste management and reducing plastic litter enter‐ ing the environment. A key element of our international action is to Today we'll spend the first hour hearing from witnesses on Scot implement controls on the transboundary movement of plastic Davidson's Bill C‑204. We'll then proceed to a clause-by-clause waste and to work with the international community to ensure that study of the bill. our exports do not lead to pollution abroad. This afternoon, we have three witnesses from Environment and Climate Change Canada: Helen Ryan, whom we know well, Dany Drouin and Nathalie Perron. We also have Richard Tarasofsky from Canada has a robust legislative regime in place for controlling Global Affairs Canada. transboundary movement of waste and ensuring that controlled shipments crossing Canada’s borders reach the intended destina‐ Ms. Ryan, you have five minutes. Go ahead. tions and are managed so as to reduce releases of contaminants into Ms. Helen Ryan (Associate Assistant Deputy Minister, Envi‐ the environment. ronmental Protection Branch, Department of the Environ‐ ment): Thank you very much. The regime includes the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, [English] which is our cornerstone and provides a range of tools to manage Good afternoon. My name is Helen Ryan and I'm the associate wastes. It ensures that movement of wastes controlled under part 7, assistant deputy minister, as we just heard, for the Department of division 8 of the act cannot take place unless the minister is notified the Environment. I'm with the environmental protection branch of and a permit is issued for international exports. Environment and Climate Change Canada. I am accompanied today by my colleague Dany Drouin, who is The PCB waste export regulations, 1996, set out controls on the the director general of the plastics and waste management direc‐ export of wastes containing PCBs. The interprovincial movement torate, and Nathalie Perron, who is the director of the waste reduc‐ of hazardous waste regulations control the movement of hazardous tion and management division. waste and hazardous recyclable material between provinces I'm also accompanied by Richard Tarasofsky from Global Affairs through a tracking mechanism. The export and import of hazardous Canada, who is the deputy director of oceans and environmental waste and hazardous recyclable material regulations implement law. Canada’s international obligations, including those under the Basel Convention. I'm pleased to participate in your study of Bill C-204 and to in‐ form the committee of Canada's ambitious agenda to move forward toward zero plastic waste. The past several months have been very ● (1435) productive, and our efforts will yield results both in Canada and in‐ ternationally. These controls are efficient only if the regulated community The Government of Canada has a comprehensive plan to achieve complies with them. Accordingly, Environment and Climate zero plastic waste and eliminate plastic pollution. Through the Change Canada has actively communicated with Canadian ex‐ Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, we have a porters, ad hoc recyclers and sorting facilities with respect to these framework for joint action with provinces and territories with the new measures to ensure their awareness of the new controls that are goal of keeping plastics in the economy and out of the environment. in place. 2 ENVI-19 March 17, 2021 These regulations control the export of any waste covered by the said “their”, which I assume means the members of the Basel Con‐ Basel Convention when exported to a Basel party. They also con‐ vention—“the importing and/or transit countries confirm that these trol wastes that are defined as hazardous or waste prohibited by the wastes will be managed in an environmentally sound manner.” importing country, even if the waste is not defined as hazardous in Canada. A cornerstone of CEPA and the regulations is to seek the consent of importing and transit countries for any export of these Being that the U.S.—and I'm sure other countries to which we wastes from Canada before an export permit is issued. In providing export—do not have to follow the regulations, meaning that the their consent, the importing and/or transit countries confirm that waste can be managed or mismanaged however they see fit, I'd like these wastes will be managed in an environmentally sound manner. to know from your perspective how much of Canada's plastic waste we have exported to the United States in, let's say, the last year. On December 29, 2020, Canada accepted the plastic waste amendments adopted under the convention. These amendments strengthen controls on the transboundary movement of certain non- ● (1440) hazardous, non-recyclable plastic wastes, such as mixed or contam‐ inated plastic waste or certain resins—for instance, PVC—and clar‐ ify that hazardous plastic wastes are covered by the convention. Ms. Helen Ryan: Thank you for that question. The concrete result of this acceptance is that, since January 1, 2021, an export permit is required for the export of plastic waste I should just note that while the United States is not subject to subject to the convention from Canada to a Basel party. This is a the Basel Convention, in order for Canada to ratify the Basel Con‐ concrete and effective mechanism to ensure that exports of plastic vention, we had to enter into an arrangement with the U.S. to en‐ waste covered by the convention take place only if the consent of sure the environmentally sound management of non-hazardous the importing country has been obtained. waste and scrap subject to transboundary movement. The Chair: Thank you. Is there anyone else from Environment Canada who will be I will turn to Nathalie Perron to give you the specifics with re‐ speaking or will it just be you? spect to the amount going to the United States, but it is a significant Ms. Helen Ryan: It's just me that's speaking. portion of our material. The Chair: Okay, but everyone will be available for questions. Ms. Helen Ryan: That's correct. Ms. Nathalie Perron (Director, Waste Reduction and Man‐ agement Division, Department of the Environment): Thank you. The Chair: Perfect. Between 2019 and 2020, we exported to the United States about We'll go to Mr. Tarasofsky from the Department of Foreign Af‐ 135,000 tonnes of all plastic waste. fairs, Trade and Development. Go ahead. You have five minutes. Mr. Matt Jeneroux: Okay. Let's take it one step further. Mr. Richard Tarasofsky (Deputy Director, Oceans and Envi‐ ronmental Law Division, Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development): Thank you. In fact, I have no opening state‐ I was reading a quote from the 10,000 Changes website, which is ment. funded by your department. It says, “Canada exported 101,131 tonnes of plastic waste [just] in 2018”. Your numbers are little bit Ms. Helen Ryan: I'm doing the only opening statement. larger, Ms. Perron, only because obviously the scope is 2020. It The Chair: Okay. That's fine. We'll go straight to questions. says, “much of it [is] to American recycling brokers, who then re‐ sell it to overseas companies. Once Canadian waste enters the U.S., We're starting the six-minute round with Mr. Jeneroux. it is not tracked, so where it ends up is a mystery.” Mr. Matt Jeneroux (Edmonton Riverbend, CPC): Thank you, Mr. Chair. Even though they are not part of the Basel Convention, there is That was the most efficient opening statement on this that we've this signed agreement, but there still seems to be that mystery in heard here for a while. terms of where the waste ends up. I'm hoping that maybe Ms. Per‐ Ms. Ryan, if I may, you talked a lot in your opening statement ron or Ms. Ryan could give us a sense of how we would go about about what your department is doing to ensure proper waste man‐ tracking that. How could we get the accurate number of how much agement and about the regulations to control the export of any of that waste is Canada's in particular? waste covered under the Basel Convention when exported to a Basel party, but as we know, the U.S. is not a member of the Basel Convention. They haven't ratified. It sounds like it ends up in the Asian markets as well. The purpose, then, of the regulation is obviously to control waste management. You stated, “In providing their consent”—and you Ms. Helen Ryan: Thank you for the question. March 17, 2021 ENVI-19 3 I would just like to point out that waste that is not disposed of in We've been sorting through.... I guess in this study when you talk the United States and that is just in transit is subject to our regula‐ about “sorting” it can be taken a lot of different ways, but in this tion and does require an export permit.