PALACKY UNIVERSITY OLOMOUC Faculty of physical education COMPARISON OF THE SELCTED PHENOMENA OF APA IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND AUSTRALIA: EVALUATION OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS INTEGRATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION Master thesis Author: Tomas Salava, department of Adapted Physial Activity Promoter: prof. PhDr. Hana Válková, CSc. Olomouc 2011 Acknowledgements To my dearest family… …you gave me the chance…and I will make the most of it. To prof. Hana Valková… …It´s been no bed of roses, no pleasure cruise…I know. To those who helped me in the Czech Republic and in Australia …It was pleasure meeting you. To everyone else… …don´t stop me now!.I´m burning through the skies.. I thank you ALL! GO HARD, OR GO HOME! 3 Bilbliographical identification Author’s first name and surname: Bc. Tomas Salava Title of the master thesis: Comparison of the selected phenomena of APA in the Czech Republic and Australia: evaluation of attitudes towards integration in P.E. Department: Department of Adapted Physical Activities Promoter: prof. PhDr. Hana Válková, CSc. The year of presentation: 2011 Abstract: The first aim of this study was to gain a general overview on the historical development and current situation in education on the individuals with disability, mainstreaming and inclusive strategies in education in Czech Republic and Australia. Review the literature, compare and to see the similarities and differences in the various areas such as sport, education, legislation and interventional programs. The second aim was to compare what type of interventional program will have more visible effect on attitudes of pupils towards inclusion of peer with disability. Whether Paralympic School day in Czech Republic or Sports Ability Program in Australia. This has been done by comparing the results obtained from various researches on this topic in Czech Republic and one in Australia. Materials used on this research were the revised CAIPE-R questionnaire from Block and Siperstein´s Adjective Checklist. We found the main differences in legislation and inclusive education between Czech Republic and Australia, but we didn´t find out any difference in the effect of the interventional program on the attitudes. Keywords: Attitudes, education, history of disability, individual with a disability, inclusion, interventional programs, legislation, mainstreaming, Paralympic school day, Sports ability program I agree with lending of this thesis within the library service. 4 Bibliografická identifikace Jméno a příjmení autora: Bc. Tomáš Salava Název diplomové práce: Komparace vybraných jevů APA v Austrálii a ČR: hodnocení postojů k integraci v P.E.. Pracoviště: Katedra Aplikovaných pohybových aktivit Vedoucí diplomové práce: prof. PhDr. Hana Válková, CSc. Rok obhajoby: 2011 Abstrakt: Prvním cílem této studie bylo získat základní přehled o historickém vývoji a současné situaci ve školsP.E.í a péči o osoby se zdravotním postiţením a strategií v oblasti vzdělávání v České Republice a v Austrálii. Přehled literatury, najít a srovnat podobnosti a rozdíly v různých oblastech, jako je sport, vzdělávání, legislativa a intervenční programy. Druhým cílem bylo porovnat, jaký typ intervenčního program bude mít viditelnější vliv na postoje ţáků k začlenění vrstevníků se zdravotním postiţením. Ať uţ paralympijský školní den v České Republice nebo Sports Ability Proram v Austrálii. To bylo provedeno srovnáním dosaţených výsledků z různých výzkumů na toto téma uskutečněných v České Republice a jednoho výzkumu v Austrálii. Materiály pouţité v tomto výzkumu byly CAIPE-CZ dotazník a Sipersteinuv Adjective Checklist. Zjistili jsme hlavní rozdíly v legislativě a inkluzivním vzdělávání mezi Českou republikou a Austrálií, ale nenašel se ţádný rozdíl v účinku intervenční program na postoje vůčí ţákům s postiţením. Klíčová slova: Historie osob s postiţením, inkluze, intervenční programy, jedinec s postiţením, legislative, mainstreaming, Paralympijský školní den, postoje, vzdělávání Souhlasím s půjčováním diplomové práce v rámci knihovních služeb. 5 Declaration Práce vznikla v rámci projektu ESF č. CZ 1.07/1.2.00/14.0021 -Speciálně poradenské centrum aplikovaných pohybových aktivit. The theses was developed under umbrella of ESF project No. CZ 1.07/1.2.00/14.0021 „Special education center of adapted physical activity“ I hereby declare that I have completed this Master thesis independently under the supervision of prof. Hana Valkova. I have provided all literal sources and met all principles of scientific ethics. In Vracov, 31st of July, 2011 ………………………….. 6 INDEX 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 9 2 Aims and objectives ........................................................................................................ 10 2.1 Scientific Question .................................................................................................... 10 3 Literature research and review ..................................................................................... 11 3.1 Inclusion .................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Disability ................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Mainstreaming ........................................................................................................... 14 3.4 Least Restrictive Environment .................................................................................. 14 4 Background comparison ................................................................................................ 16 4.1 General situation ........................................................................................................ 16 4.1.1 Australia ............................................................................................................. 16 4.1.2 Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 16 4.1.3 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 17 4.2 History of disability education and Adapted physical activities ............................... 17 4.2.1 Australia ............................................................................................................. 17 4.2.1.1 Post-War Australia ...................................................................................... 19 4.2.2 Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 23 4.2.2.1 Post-War Czech Republic ............................................................................ 27 4.2.2 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 30 4.3 Education ................................................................................................................... 31 4.3.1 Inclusive strategies ............................................................................................. 31 4.3.2 Education today .................................................................................................. 35 4.3.2.1 Australia ...................................................................................................... 35 4.3.2.2 Czech Republic ............................................................................................ 38 4.3.3 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 39 4.4 Legislation in education............................................................................................. 39 4.4.1 Australia ............................................................................................................. 39 4.4.2 Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 44 4.4.3 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 54 4.5 Legislation in sport .................................................................................................... 54 4.5.1 Australia ............................................................................................................. 54 4.5.2 Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 55 4.5.3 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 56 4.6 Sports ......................................................................................................................... 56 4.6.1 Australia ............................................................................................................. 56 4.6.2 Czech Republic ................................................................................................... 59 4.6.3 Disability Exhibitions ......................................................................................... 64 4.6.3.1 Australia ...................................................................................................... 64 4.6.3.2 Czech Republic ............................................................................................ 64 4.6.4 Brief summary .................................................................................................... 65 4.7 Recreation .................................................................................................................