DSpace Institution DSpace Repository http://dspace.org Environment and climate change Thesis and Dissertations 2020-12-25 EFFECT OF LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGES ON FARMERS INCOME IN FARTA WOREDA, NORTH WESTETHIOPA Mesfin Abebaw http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/11790 Downloaded from DSpace Repository, DSpace Institution's institutional repository BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICUTLURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT M.Sc. IN ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE GRADUATE PROGRAM EFFECT OF LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGES ON FARMERS INCOME IN FARTA WOREDA, NORTH WESTETHIOPA M.Sc. Thesis By Mesfin Abebaw SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) IN ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE July 2020 Bahir Dar, Ethiopia BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICUTLURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT M.Sc. IN ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE GRADUATE PROGRAM EFFECT OF LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGES ON FARMERS INCOME IN FARTA WOREDA, NORTH WESTETHIOPA M.Sc. Thesis By Mesfin Abebaw SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) IN ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE July 2020 Bahir Dar, Ethiopia THESIS APPROVAL SHEET As member of the Broad of Examiners of the Master of Science (M.Sc.) thesis open defense examination .We have read and evaluated this thesis prepared by Mister Mesfin Abebaw Yalew entitled “Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Change on Farmers Income in Farta District, Ethiopia”. We hereby certify that, the thesis is accepted for fulfilling the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Environment and Climate Change. Board of Examiner ---------------------------------- ----------------------------- -------------- Name of External Examiner Signature Date -------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ------------------ Name of Internal Examiner Signature Date ---------------------------------- -------------------------------- ----------------- Name of Chairman Signature Date i DECLARATION This is to certify that this thesis entitled “Analysis of Land Use Land Cover Change on Farmers Income in Farta District, Ethiopia “submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of Master of Science in Environment and Climate Change to Graduate Program of College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, BahirDar University my Mr Mesfin Abebew Yalew (ID BDU 1108010) is an automatic work carried out by him under our guidance. The matter embodied in this project work has not been submitted earlier for award of any degree or diploma to the best of our knowledge and belief. Name of the Student --------------------------------- Signature &date------------------------- Name of the Supervisors 1. --------------------------------------------(Major Supervisors) Signature &date---------------------------------- 2. ………………………………………….Co. Supervisors) Signature &date------------------------------- ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I would like to express my gratitude to my advisor, Mulatie Mekonnen (PhD) for his time and academic guidance throughout the entire period of this thesis and allowing me financial assistance of the Science Technology Information commination commission. I am also pleased to extend my gratitude to my friends: farta kebele agricultural experts, Mr.Fenta, Mr. Dessie, Mr. Melaku, Mr.Belete, Miss Birkie and Miss Lideta Tilahun for their support, sharing their knowledge and motivating. It requires much space to list all individuals who contributed, in one way or another, to the successful completion of my study. However, I am much indebted to acknowledge all of my classmates, my colleagues who were encouraging me while I got stress. Finally, my appreciation goes to my family for their moral support throughout the study, and everybody who contributed in making this research work a success. iii . DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my lovely father Ato Abebaw Yalew. Dear Dadi, I am very thankful because I had a strong, wonderful and adorable father like you. You sacrificed all of your things to make me happy, strong and concerned in the walk of life. Even though you are not here by my side now, I know your soul and your blessing is always with me. This is all your result you should deserve a great credit for my presence here today. iv ABBREVATION ANRS Amhara National Regional State ETB Ethiopian Birr CSA Central statistical Agency DEM Digital Elevation Model EHRS Ethiopian Highland Reclamation Study ERDAS Earth Resources Data Analysis System ETM+ Enhanced Thematic Mapper FAO Food and Agriculture organization GCP Ground control point GIS Geographic Information System GPS Global Positioning System LULCC Land Use and Land Cover Change MA Master of Art Sciences MLC Maximum Likelihood Classifier Mm Millimeter MSS Multi Spectral Sensor NRM Natural Resource Management OLI/TIRS Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor RS Remote Sensing v ABSTRACT Land use/cover change dynamics influences many aspects of the natural environment. It’s shifting patterns as a component of many existing climate change problems has been gaining recognition as key cause and consequences of environmental problems and livelihood changes. This research was conducted in Amhara region located in the south Gondar zone specifically in Farta district to investigate the land use/cover changes between the years 1989-2019 and to assess the economic advantage of Eucalyptus globulus based land use in contrast to cropland and grazing land uses. In this study, both primary and secondary data collection methods were used. GPS was used for collecting ground control points, ArcGIS 10.3.1 for spatial analysis and mapping, ERDAS Imagine 2010 for land use classification and change detection, Satellite images of Landsat 8 for OLI 2019 and Landsat 5 TM for 1989 and 1999 Landsat 7 ETM 2009 were used to generate land use/cover maps by using Supervised Classification technique with Maximum Likelihood classifier. Total of 60 samples (20 cropland, 20 grazing land and 20 Eucalyptus globulus land) were taken to estimate the amount of production. The production amount of each land use was converted into Birr value for comparison purpose. The land use and land cover change study result showed that forest ,grazing, wetland and bare lands were declining by 6.71%, 3.68%, 1.98% &3.32%, respectively from1989-2019 years. Whereas plantation, cultivated land, water body, and settlement lands were expanding by 6.82%, 4.44%, 0.18% & 4.24%, respectively from1989-2019 years. From the observed changes plantation was the most increased land use/cover type by 6.82% (5663.3ha). The overall classification accuracies of this study for 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 were found to be 85.3%, 85.1%, 85.3%& 85.5%respectively. Total productivity and economic benefits of the three land use types (Eucalyptus globulus based land use, grazing land use and cropland use mainly cropped by wheat) were compared. The net benefit gained from Eucalyptus globulus based land was found to be higher and it gives extra 86,244ETBha-1yr-1to cropping & 106,158ETBha-1yr-1 compared to grazing lands .Therefore, Eucalyptus globulus significantly increase income 4.1% and14.57% fold greater than crop and grazing land system respectively. Based on land equivalent ratio value Eucalyptus globulus based land was 301% better than crop land use system. Out of this study, it is concluded that Eucalyptus globulus production with in a five-year rotation time could benefit farmers in huge incomes. Keywords Eucalyptus globulus, land use change, wheat, Eucalyptus, pasture land use system vi TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS APPROVAL SHEET ......................................................................................................... i DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................. iii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................... iv ABBREVATION ............................................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. vi TABLEOFCONTENTS………………………………………………………………………vii LIST OF TABLE ........................................................................................................................ viii LIST OF FIGURE .......................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF APPENDIX ..................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER ONE………………………………………………………………………………1 1. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………..1 1.1. Background and Justification.................................................................................................. …..1 1.2. Statement of the problem ......................................................................................................... - 3 - 1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THESTUDY…………………………………………………………….-4. 1.3.1 General Objective ………………………………………………………..- 4 - 1.3.2 Specific Objectives ...........................................................................................................