ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For Proposed Beach Nourishment and Installation of Six (6) Groynes at Sandals Negril, Norman Manley Boulevard Hanover FINAL REPORT October 2019 Prepared for: Prepared by: Sandals Negril Limited Environmental Solutions Ltd. Norman Manley Boulevard 7 Hillview Avenue Hanover Kingston 10 Jamaica Jamaica ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For Proposed Beach Nourishment and Installation of Six (6) Groynes at Sandals Negril, Norman Manley Boulevard, Hanover TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................... VII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................................... IX 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 CONTEXTUAL BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 DELINEATION OF THE BOUNDARY OF THE STUDY AREA ............................................................................................. 4 1.3 GENERAL METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 6 2 POLICY, LEGISLATION AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATION ........................................................................... 6 2.1 LEGISLATION .................................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 REGULATIONS ................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 STANDARDS ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 POLICIES .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.5 DEVELOPMENT ORDERS AND PLANS ..................................................................................................................... 7 2.6 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS/PROTOCOLS/TREATIES ............................................................................................ 8 3 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH .................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 PHYSICAL ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.1 Water Quality .......................................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.2 Noise ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS ............................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1 Marine Environment .............................................................................................................................. 14 3.2.2 Terrestrial Surveys.................................................................................................................................. 17 3.3 STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 IMPACT ASSESSMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 20 4 IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ..................................................................................... 21 4.1 NO-ACTION ALTERNATIVE ................................................................................................................................ 21 4.2 BEACH NOURISHMENT ONLY ............................................................................................................................. 21 4.3 BEACH NOURISHMENT WITH HARD STRUCTURES ................................................................................................... 22 4.3.1 Beach Nourishment with Hard Structures above MSL ........................................................................... 22 4.3.2 Beach Nourishment with Hard Structures below MSL ........................................................................... 24 4.4 ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF SAND ........................................................................................................................ 26 5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 28 5.1 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................................... 28 5.2 PROJECT TIMELINES ......................................................................................................................................... 28 5.3 DESIGN CONCEPT AND COMPONENTS ................................................................................................................. 29 5.4 MATERIAL(S) TO BE USED.................................................................................................................................. 32 5.5 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 32 5.5.1 Access for Construction Vehicles ............................................................................................................ 32 5.5.2 Equipment and Storage ......................................................................................................................... 33 i ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT For Proposed Beach Nourishment and Installation of Six (6) Groynes at Sandals Negril, Norman Manley Boulevard, Hanover 5.5.3 Site/Vegetation Clearance (Bloody Bay) ................................................................................................ 33 6 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................................... 35 6.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................................. 35 6.1.1 Geomorphology ..................................................................................................................................... 35 6.1.2 Coastal Processes and Sediment Transport ........................................................................................... 39 6.1.3 Water Quality ........................................................................................................................................ 48 6.1.4 Noise Levels ............................................................................................................................................ 52 6.1.5 Sources of existing Pollution .................................................................................................................. 58 6.2 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................. 59 6.2.1 Terrestrial Assessment (Bloody Bay Sand Extraction Site) ..................................................................... 59 6.2.2 Marine Assessment (Long Bay) .............................................................................................................. 65 6.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................................................... 72 6.3.1 The Beach Area ...................................................................................................................................... 72 6.3.2 The Town Centre .................................................................................................................................... 72 6.3.3 The Residential Areas ............................................................................................................................. 76 6.3.4 Overall Public Perception ....................................................................................................................... 78 6.3.5 Heritage ................................................................................................................................................. 81 7 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS & PROPOSED MITIGATION .......................................................... 85 7.1 POTENTIAL