Alam-Pedja Linnu- Ja Loodusala Kaitsekorralduskava

Alam-Pedja Linnu- Ja Loodusala Kaitsekorralduskava

Alam -Pedja linnu- ja loodusala kaitsekorralduskava 2016-2025 Keskkonnaamet 2015 1 SISUKORD 1. SISSEJUHATUS .............................................................................................................................................. 6 1.1. ALA ISELOOMUSTUS ............................................................................................................................. 6 1.2. MAAKASUTUS .......................................................................................................................................10 1.3. HUVIGRUPID ..........................................................................................................................................11 1.4. KAITSEKORD..........................................................................................................................................12 1.5. UURITUS .................................................................................................................................................16 1.5.1. Tehtud inventuurid ja uuringud...........................................................................................................16 1.5.2. Seire ..................................................................................................................................................17 1.5.3. Inventuuride ja uuringute vajadus.......................................................................................................22 2. VÄÄRTUSED JA KAITSE-EESMÄRGID ....................................................................................................24 2.1. ELUSTIK ..................................................................................................................................................24 2.1.1. Soontaimed ........................................................................................................................................24 2.1.1.1. Soontaimede iseloomustus ........................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.1.2. Kaunis kuldking (Cypripedium calceolus) .................................................................................................... 25 2.1.1.3. Kollane kivirik (Saxifraga hirculus) ............................................................................................................. 26 2.1.1.4. Soohiilakas (Liparis loeselii) ....................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.2. Samblad, samblikud ja seened ............................................................................................................27 2.1.3. Selgrootud..........................................................................................................................................29 2.1.3.1. Selgrootute iseloomustus ............................................................................................................................. 29 2.1.3.2. Paksukojaline jõekarp (Unio crassus)........................................................................................................... 30 2.1.3.4. Laiujur (Dytiscus latissimus)........................................................................................................................ 31 2.1.3.5. Tõmmuujur (Graphoderus bilineatus) .......................................................................................................... 32 2.1.4. Kalad .................................................................................................................................................32 2.1.4.1. Kalastiku iseloomustus ................................................................................................................................ 32 2.1.4.2. Harilik tõugjas (Aspius aspius)..................................................................................................................... 34 2.1.4.3. Harilik hink (Cobitis taenia) ........................................................................................................................ 35 2.1.4.4. Harilik võldas (Cottus gobio) ....................................................................................................................... 35 2.1.4.5. Harilik vingerjas (Misgurnus fossilis) ........................................................................................................... 36 2.1.5. Kahepaiksed ja roomajad ...................................................................................................................37 2.1.6. Linnud ...............................................................................................................................................38 2.1.6.1. Linnustiku iseloomustus .............................................................................................................................. 38 2.1.6.2. Hanelised .................................................................................................................................................... 41 2.1.6.3. Kanalised .................................................................................................................................................... 42 2.1.6.4. Toonekurelised............................................................................................................................................ 46 2.1.6.5. Haukalised .................................................................................................................................................. 47 2.1.6.6. Kakulised. ................................................................................................................................................... 53 2.1.6.7. Kurelised .................................................................................................................................................... 53 2.1.6.8. Kurvitsalised ............................................................................................................................................... 56 2.1.6.9. Öösorrilised. ............................................................................................................................................... 64 2.1.6.10. Rähnilised ................................................................................................................................................. 65 2.1.6.11. Värvulised................................................................................................................................................. 67 2.1.7. Imetajad .............................................................................................................................................71 2.1.7.1. Imetajate iseloomustus ................................................................................................................................ 71 2.1.7.2. Saarmas (Lutra lutra) .................................................................................................................................. 72 2.1.7.3. Tiigilendlane (Myotis dasycneme) ................................................................................................................ 73 2.2. KOOSLUSED ...........................................................................................................................................74 2.2.1. Koosluste iseloomustus .......................................................................................................................74 2.2.2. Niidud ................................................................................................................................................75 2.2.2.1. Niitude iseloomustus ................................................................................................................................... 75 2.2.2.2. Liigirikkad niidud lubjavaesel mullal (6270*) .............................................................................................. 78 2.2.2.3. Niiskuslembesed kõrgrohustud (6430) ......................................................................................................... 79 2.2.2.4. Lamminiidud (6450).................................................................................................................................... 79 2.2.2.5. Aas-rebasesaba ja ürt-punanupuga niidud (6510) .......................................................................................... 83 2.2.2.6. Puisniidud (6530*) ...................................................................................................................................... 83 2.2.3. Sood ...................................................................................................................................................84 2.2.3.1. Soode iseloomustus ..................................................................................................................................... 84 2.2.3.2. Rabad (7110*), nokkheinakooslused (7150) ja rikutud, kuid taastumisvõimelised rabad (7120) ..................... 84 2.2.3.3. Siirde- ja õõtsiksood (7140) ......................................................................................................................... 85 2.2.3.4. Liigirikkad madalsood (7230) ...................................................................................................................... 86 2.2.4. Metsad ...............................................................................................................................................86

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