GETIING STARTED WITH DECSYSTEM-IO March 1975 Additional copies of this manual may be ordered from: Software Distribution Center, Digital Equipment Corporatuon, Maynard, Ma. 01754 Order Code: DEC-I0-XGSDA-A-D digital equipment corporation · maynard. massachusetts 1st Edition March 1975 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this manual. The software described in this document is furnished to the purchaser under a license for use on a single computer system and can be copied (with inclusion of DIGITAL's copyright notice) only for use in such system. except as may otherwise be provided in writinl by DIGITAL. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by DIGITAL. Copyright <C) 1975 by Digital Equipment Corporation The postage prepaid READER~S COMMENTS form on the last page of this document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in preparing future documentation. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: COP DIGITAL KAIO QUICKPOINT COMPUTER LAB DNC KilO RAD·S COMSYST EDGRIN LAB-S RSTS COMTEX EDUSYSTEM LAB-S/e RSX DDT FLIPCHIP LAB-K RTM DEC FOCAL OMNIBUS RT·ll DECCOMM GLC-S OS/S SABR DECSYSTEM-IO IDAC PDP TOPSIO DECTAPE IDACS PHA TYPESET-S DIBOL INDAC PS/8 TYPESET-IO UNIBUS DIVIDERS DIVIDER 1 - INTRODUCING YOURSELF TO THE DECsystem-lO SA YING GOODBYE TO THE DECsystem-lO TYPING AN EASY COMMAND DIVIDER 2 - ENTERING YOUR PROGRAM INTO THE COMPUTER USING THE SOS EDITOR TYPING MISTAKES (OR FORGET ISAIDTHATI DELETE AN ENTIRE LINE DELETE ONE OR MORE CHARACTERS WHATDIDITYPE DIVIDER 3 - EXECUTING YOUR PROGRAM STOPPING YOUR PROGRAM DIVIDER 4 - EDITING YOUR PROGRAM STARTING THE SOS EDITOR PRINTING A LINE )[NSERTING A LINE DELETING A LINE REPLACING A LINE CHANGING A LINE SA VING THE FILE DIVIDER 5 - WORKING WITH FILES LISTING THE NAMES OF YOUR FILES DELETING A FILE GETTING HELP FROM TOPSIO COPYING ANOTHER USER'S FILE RUNNING ANOTHER USER'S PROGRAM DIVIDER 6 - USING BASIC ST ARTING BASIC ENTERING YOUR PROGRAM SA VING YOUR PROGRAM RUNNING YOUR PROGRAM EDITING YOUR PROGRAM LISTING YOUR PROGRAM RUNNING AN EXISTING PROGRAM LEA VING BASIC AND LOGGING OFF RETURN TO MONITOR MODE iii CONTENTS Notetothe Reader ................ , ........................................... , .......... , ..... , v Preface ........................... , , .......................................................... vii Getting Started with DECSystem-lO ............................................................... 3 Project-Programmer Numbers ........................................... , .............. 3 Passwords ........ , ................................................................... 3 Terminals ..... , ........... , ..................... , .................................... 3 Introducing Yourself to DECsystem-lO ............................................. , ... , .......... 4 Saying Goodbye to DECsystem-IO ................................................................ 6 Using Two Easy Commands ...................................................................... 6 Entering Your Program ......................................................................... 11 Files and Programs ................................................................... II Using the 5()S Editor ....... , ........................... , , ............................. 12 Correcting Typing Mistakes ..................................................................... 15 Executing Your Program ........................ , .............................................. 19 Checking Your Program ........................................................................ 20 Stopping Your Program ......... , ............................................................... 21 Editing Your Program .......................................................................... 2S Correcting Your Program .................................................................. " .... 26 Starting the 50S Editor ................................................................ 21 Printing a Line ....................................................................... 27 Inserting a Line ...................................................................... 28 [)eleting a Line ....................................................................... 28 Replacing a Line ..................................................................... 28 Changing a Line ...................................................................... 29 Saving the File ....................................................................... 29 Re-executing Your Programs .................................................................... 29 Typing Out Your Program ...................................................................... 30 Working with Files ............................................................................. 35 Listmg the Names of Your Files ........................................................ 35 IJeleting a File ....................................................................... 35 Getting HELP from TOPSI0 ........................................................... 36 Copying Another User's File ........................................................... 31 Renaming a File ...................................................................... 37 Running Another User's Program. .. ........... 38 Using Basic ................................................................................... 41 Starti n g Basic ........................................................................ 41 Entering Your Program ............................................................... 41 Saving Your Program ................................................................. 43 Running Your Program ............................................................... 43 Editing Your Program ................................................................. 44 Replacing Your Program .............................................................. 44 Re-running Your Program ............................................................. 45 Listing Your Program ................................................................. 46 Runnin~ an EXisting Program ................................................................... 47 Leaving BASIC and Logging Out. .. .................................................. 47 Appendix - TOPS-lO Commands ............................................................... 49 iv NOTE TO THE READER GETTING STARTED WITH DECsystem-IO is a manual that introduces you to the DECsystem-IO and the TOPS-lO Operating System. This manual has colored dividers that mark its sections: each divider lists procedures for accomplishing specified tasks. For more detailed information. read the sections themselves; they describe the tasks more fully. We hope that as you read this manual you are sitting at a computer termin~1 and executing each boxed example yourself. The adage "to do is to learn" applies especially to computers. The fas­ test-and the surest-way to learn TOPS-lOis to use it! We use several conventions withi,n this manual which may be foreign to you. Some of these con­ ventions are defined below, others are defined within the text. Convention Meaning ) Wherever this symbol appears, we are indicating that you should press the key on the terminal keyboard labeled R E­ TURN. This symbol is called a carriage return. ESC Wherever this symbol appears, we are indicating that you should press the key on the terminal keyboard labeled ESC. This key is called the ESCape key, and when it is pressed the system will print a $. Note that on some termi­ nals this key is labeled AL T (for ALTernate) MODE or PREFIX. This symbol is called a circumflex and is sometimes printed as r (up-arrow). Wherever it appears, we are indi­ cating that you should press the key on the terminal key­ board labeled CTRL This key is called the ConTRol key. Wherever this symbol appears, we are indicating that you (RUB\ should press the key on the terminal keyboard labeled R UBOUT. On some terminal keyboards, this key is labeled ~ DELETE. When this key is pressed, the most recently typed character is deleted. Portions of an example which are underlined are the por­ tions of the example that you must type. The portions not underlined are printed by the system. UPPER The portions of an example that are typed as uppercase let­ CASE ters are necessary portions of that example or command LETTERS line. You must type the letters exactly as you see them in this manual. In the example: .EXECUTE filename.extension ) you are to type the word in upper case letters exactly as it appears. v Conyentl .. Melftlna lower The portions of an example or command line description cue that are typed in lower case are variable portions that you letten must supply. The letters that you supply for a variable do not necessarily have to substitute letter-for-Ietter. To supply a variable for "name" you could use a word of n characters in length; you do not have to supply a word with exactly four characters. If at any time a character length limitation is in effect. we will tell you the legal range. In the example: .EXECUTE filename.extension) you are to type the word in uppercase letters exactly as it appears; you are to substitute a file name and a file name extension