Ubuntu 18.04 Essentials Ubuntu 18.04 Essentials ISBN-13: 978-1-951442-17-0 © 2020 Neil Smyth / Payload Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. This book is provided for personal use only. Unauthorized use, reproduction and/or distribution strictly prohibited. All rights reserved. The content of this book is provided for informational purposes only. Neither the publisher nor the author offers any warranties or representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of information contained in this book, nor do they accept any liability for any loss or damage arising from any errors or omissions. This book contains trademarked terms that are used solely for editorial purposes and to the benefit of the respective trademark owner. The terms used within this book are not intended as infringement of any trademarks. Rev: 1.0 Contents Table of Contents 1. Introduction .........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Superuser Conventions................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Opening a Terminal Window ...................................................................................... 2 1.3 Editing Files ................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Feedback ......................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Errata ............................................................................................................................... 5 2. A Brief History of Linux .......................................................................................................7 2.1 What exactly is Linux? .................................................................................................. 7 2.2 UNIX Origins ................................................................................................................ 7 2.3 Who Created Linux? ..................................................................................................... 7 2.4 The History of Ubuntu ................................................................................................. 8 2.5 What does the word “Ubuntu” Mean? ...................................................................... 8 2.6 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 8 3. Installing Ubuntu on a Clean Disk Drive ............................................................................9 3.1 Ubuntu Installation Options ........................................................................................ 9 3.2 Server vs. Desktop Editions .......................................................................................10 3.3 Obtaining the Ubuntu Installation Media ...............................................................11 3.4 Writing the ISO Installation Image to a USB Drive ................................................11 3.4.1 Linux .......................................................................................................................11 3.4.2 macOS ....................................................................................................................12 3.4.3 Windows ................................................................................................................13 3.5 Booting from the Ubuntu USB Image ......................................................................14 3.6 Installing Ubuntu ........................................................................................................15 3.7 Accessing the Ubuntu Desktop .................................................................................19 3.8 Installing Updates ........................................................................................................20 3.9 Displaying Boot Messages ..........................................................................................21 3.10 Summary ....................................................................................................................22 4. Installing Ubuntu with the Network Installer ...................................................................23 4.1 Network Installer Advantages ....................................................................................23 4.2 Obtaining the Network Installer Image....................................................................23 4.3 Booting from the Installer Image ..............................................................................23 4.4 Performing the Installation ........................................................................................24 4.5 Disk Partitioning .........................................................................................................26 4.6 Software Collection Selection ....................................................................................28 4.7 Installing Software Collections After System Setup ................................................29 4.8 Summary ......................................................................................................................29 i Table of Contents 5. Dual Booting Ubuntu with Windows ................................................................................31 5.1 Beginning the Ubuntu Installation ..........................................................................31 5.2 Booting Ubuntu for the First Time ...........................................................................36 5.3 Changing the Default Boot Option ...........................................................................37 5.4 Accessing the Windows Partition from the Command-line .................................38 5.5 Accessing the Windows Partition from the Desktop..............................................39 5.6 Summary ......................................................................................................................42 6. Allocating Windows Disk Partitions to Ubuntu ...............................................................43 6.1 Unmounting the Windows Partition ........................................................................43 6.2 Deleting the Windows Partitions from the Disk ....................................................43 6.3 Formatting the Unallocated Disk Partition ............................................................46 6.4 Mounting the New Partition .....................................................................................46 6.5 Editing the Boot Menu ...............................................................................................47 6.6 Using GNOME Disks Utility .....................................................................................47 6.7 Summary ......................................................................................................................52 7. A Guided Tour of the GNOME 3 Desktop .........................................................................53 7.1 Installing the GNOME Desktop ................................................................................53 7.2 An Overview of the GNOME 3 Desktop .................................................................53 7.3 Launching Activities ...................................................................................................55 7.4 Managing Windows ....................................................................................................57 7.5 Using Workspaces .......................................................................................................58 7.6 Calendar and Notifications ........................................................................................58 7.7 Desktop Settings ..........................................................................................................59 7.8 Customizing the Dash ................................................................................................60 7.9 Installing Ubuntu Software ........................................................................................61 7.10 Beyond Basic Customization ...................................................................................62 7.11 Summary ....................................................................................................................63 8. An Overview of the Ubuntu Cockpit Web Interface .........................................................65 8.1 An Overview of Cockpit .............................................................................................65 8.2 Installing and Enabling Cockpit ................................................................................66 8.3 Accessing Cockpit .......................................................................................................66 8.4 System ...........................................................................................................................67 8.5 Logs ...............................................................................................................................67 8.6 Storage ...........................................................................................................................68 8.7 Networking ...................................................................................................................68 8.8 Accounts .......................................................................................................................69