ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATIONAL AND BEHAVOIRAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF SCHOOL BASED SUPERVISION IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF EAST WOLLEGA ZONE BY ZEWDU NEGASA ABDETA JUNE, 2018 ADDSIS ABABA PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF SCHOOL BASED SUPERVISION IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF EAST WOLLEGA ZONE. A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN SCHOOL LEADERSHIP. BY ZEWDU NEGASA ADVISOR: HAILESILASSIE W/GERIMA JUNE, 2018 ADDSIS ABABA This thesis has been summated for examination with my approval as University advisor Name :-_________________________________________________ Signature:-_______________________________________________ Date:- __________________________________________________ ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF SCHOOL BASED SUPERVISION IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF EAST WOLLEGA ZONE. BY ZEWDU NEGASA APPROVAL OF BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS ____________________________ _________________________ Department Head Signature ____________________________ _________________________ Advisor Signature ____________________________ _________________________ Chair man Signature ____________________________ _________________________ Internal examiner Signature _____________________________ __________________________ External examiner Signature DECLARATION I, the undersigned, declared that the thesis on the title, “Practices and Challenges of School Based supervision in Government Secondary Schools of East Wollega Zone” is his work and that all sources that have been referred to and quoted have been dully indicated and acknowledged with complete references. Name- _________________________________________ Sign.____________ Date ________________ This thesis has been submitted for examination with my approval as the University advisor. Advisor’s name: Hailesilassie Woldegerima(Associate professor) Sign. ____________ Date __________________ Place: Addis Ababa University College of Education and Behavioural Studies Department of Educational Planning and Management. Date of submission ___________________________ Challenges and practices of School based supervision ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this research is a result of so many People‟s efforts that deserve appreciation. First and foremost I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my advisor Hailesellasse W/ Gerima. I really cannot put into words how incredibly grateful I am for everything he has done for me. For everything he has taught me and for his professional advice and constructive criticisms in my attempts to make this work a success, I sincerely thank him. Secondly, I would also like to express my heartfelt thanks to Addis Ababa University for its financial and material support for the completion of this research work. Thirdly, I have also expressed my sincere love and appreciation for my wife Wro, Gadise Regasa, and all my family‟s members. For their moral support and encouragement, and also their efforts to overcome various challenges in this study. I have send my heartfelt thanks to my friends Mr,Mezgabu Ifa and Mr. Leta Erena for their financial, material, technical support as well as moral support starting from the initial to the completion of this research work. Lastly, but not least, I would like to send my sincere thanks for East Wollega Zone sample secondary school principals and teachers, secondary school supervisors, Zone and Woreda education office, for their participation to give necessary information, through questionnaire and semi-structured interview to finish the study successfully. Addis Ababa University Page i Challenges and practices of School based supervision TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................. ii LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................... viii CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Background of the Study .............................................................................................................................1 1.2. Statement of the Problem ..............................................................................................................................4 1.3. Objectives of the Study .................................................................................................................................6 1.3.1. General Objective ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2. Specific Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.4. Significance of the Study ..............................................................................................................................6 1.5. Delimitation of the Study ............................................................................................................................7 1.6. Limitations of the Study ................................................................................................................................8 1.7. Operational Definitions of Key Terms ......................................................................................................8 1.8. Organization of the Study .............................................................................................................................8 CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................................................ 10 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE........................................................................................... 10 2.1. The Concepts of Supervision .................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1. Historical Development of Educational Supervision............................................................ 12 2.1.1.1. Global Perspective about Supervision .............................................................................. 12 2.1.1. Basic Principles of School based Supervision ..................................................................... 16 2.1.2. Historical Development of Educational Supervision in Ethiopia ......................................... 19 Addis Ababa University Page ii Challenges and practices of School based supervision 2.1.3. Practices of Instructional Supervision .................................................................................. 20 2.1.4. The Current Practice of Educational Supervision in Ethiopia. ............................................. 21 2.1.5. Practice of School Based Supervision in Oromia Region .................................................... 22 2.1.7. Supervision at School Level ...................................................................................................... 22 2.1.8. Supervisors‟ Responsibility ....................................................................................................... 23 2.1.9. Qualities of School based Supervisors ...................................................................................... 23 2.1.10. The Roles of School Based Supervision ................................................................................. 24 2.1.10.1. The Roles of School Principals in Supervision. ............................................................... 25 2.1.10.2. The Roles of Deputy Principals in Supervision. ............................................................... 26 2.1.10.3. The Roles of Department Heads in School based Supervision. ....................................... 26 2.1.10.4. The Roles of Senior Teachers in Supervision. .................................................................. 27 2.1.11. Basic skills of School based Supervision ................................................................................ 27 2.2. Tasks of Supervision ................................................................................................................................. 28 2.2.1. Direct Assistance to Teacher ................................................................................................ 28 2.2.2. Curriculum Development ..................................................................................................... 29 2.2.3 Group Development ................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.4 Professional Development .........................................................................................................