8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse Find x. 1. 2. SOLUTION: In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the SOLUTION: lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is 13 lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length and the lengths of the legs are 5 and x. of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is x and the lengths of the legs are 8 and 12. ANSWER: 12 ANSWER: eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 1 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 4. Use a Pythagorean triple to find x. Explain your reasoning. 3. SOLUTION: In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length SOLUTION: of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is 16 35 is the hypotenuse, so it is the greatest value in the and the lengths of the legs are 4 and x. Pythagorean Triple. Find the common factors of 35 and 21. The GCF of 35 and 21 is 7. Divide this out. Check to see if 5 and 3 are part of a Pythagorean triple with 5 as the largest value. ANSWER: We have one Pythagorean triple 3-4-5. The multiples of this triple also will be Pythagorean triple. So, x = 7(4) = 28. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to check it. ANSWER: 28; Since and and 3-4-5 is a Pythagorean triple, or 28. eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 2 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 5. MULTIPLE CHOICE The mainsail of a boat is Determine whether each set of numbers can be shown. What is the length, in feet, of ? the measures of the sides of a triangle. If so, classify the triangle as acute, obtuse, or right. Justify your answer. 6. 15, 36, 39 SOLUTION: By the triangle inequality theorem, the sum of the lengths of any two sides should be greater than the length of the third side. A 52.5 B 65 C 72.5 D 75 Therefore, the set of numbers can be measures of a triangle. SOLUTION: The mainsail is in the form of a right triangle. The Classify the triangle by comparing the square of the length of the hypotenuse is x and the lengths of the longest side to the sum of the squares of the other legs are 45 and 60. two sides. Therefore, by the converse of Pythagorean Theorem, a triangle with the given measures will be a right triangle. ANSWER: Therefore, the correct choice is D. Yes; right ANSWER: D eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 3 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 7. 16, 18, 26 8. 15, 20, 24 SOLUTION: SOLUTION: By the triangle inequality theorem, the sum of the By the triangle inequality theorem, the sum of the lengths of any two sides should be greater than the lengths of any two sides should be greater than the length of the third side. length of the third side. Therefore, the set of numbers can be measures of a Therefore, the set of numbers can be measures of a triangle. triangle. Now, classify the triangle by comparing the square of Now, classify the triangle by comparing the square of the longest side to the sum of the squares of the other the longest side to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. two sides. Therefore, by Pythagorean Inequality Theorem, a Therefore, by Pythagorean Inequality Theorem, a triangle with the given measures will be an obtuse triangle with the given measures will be an acute triangle. triangle. ANSWER: ANSWER: Yes; obtuse Yes; acute eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 4 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse Find x. 10. 9. SOLUTION: In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the SOLUTION: lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is 15 lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length and the lengths of the legs are 9 and x. of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is x and the lengths of the legs are 12 and 16. ANSWER: ANSWER: 12 20 eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 5 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 11. 12. SOLUTION: SOLUTION: In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is 5 of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is 66 and the lengths of the legs are 2 and x. and the lengths of the legs are 33 and x. ANSWER: ANSWER: eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 6 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 13. SOLUTION: 14. In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the SOLUTION: lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is x lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length and the lengths of the legs are . of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is and the lengths of the legs are . ANSWER: ANSWER: eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 7 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse PERSEVERANCE Use a Pythagorean Triple to find x. 16. 15. SOLUTION: SOLUTION: Find the greatest common factor of 14 and 48. Find the greatest common factors of 16 and 30. The GCF of 14 and 48 is 2. Divide this value out. The GCF of 16 and 30 is 2. Divide this value out. Check to see if 7 and 24 are part of a Pythagorean Check to see if 8 and 15 are part of a Pythagorean triple. triple. We have one Pythagorean triple 7-24-25. The We have one Pythagorean triple 8-15-17. The multiples of this triple also will be Pythagorean triple. multiples of this triple also will be Pythagorean triple. So, x = 2(25) = 50. So, x = 2(17) = 34. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to check it. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to check it. ANSWER: ANSWER: 50 34 eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 8 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 17. 18. SOLUTION: SOLUTION: 74 is the hypotenuse, so it is the greatest value in the 78 is the hypotenuse, so it is the greatest value in the Pythagorean triple. Pythagorean triple. Find the greatest common factor of 74 and 24. Find the greatest common factor of 78 and 72. 78 = 2 × 3 × 13 72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 The GCF of 24 and 74 is 2. Divide this value out. The GCF of 78 and 72 is 6. Divide this value out. 78 ÷ 6 = 13 72 ÷ 6 = 12 Check to see if 12 and 37 are part of a Pythagorean Check to see if 13 and 12 are part of a Pythagorean triple with 37 as the largest value. triple with 13 as the largest value. 132 – 122 = 169 – 144 = 25 = 52 We have one Pythagorean triple 12-35-37. The We have one Pythagorean triple 5-12-13. The multiples of this triple also will be Pythagorean triple. multiples of this triple also will be Pythagorean triple. So, x = 2(35) = 70. So, x = 6(5) = 30. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to check it. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to check it. ANSWER: ANSWER: 70 30 eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 9 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse 19. BASKETBALL The support for a basketball goal 20. DRIVING The street that Khaliah usually uses to forms a right triangle as shown. What is the length x get to school is under construction. She has been of the horizontal portion of the support? taking the detour shown. If the construction starts at the point where Khaliah leaves her normal route and ends at the point where she re-enters her normal route, about how long is the stretch of road under construction? SOLUTION: In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the SOLUTION: lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length Let x be the length of the road that is under of the hypotenuse. The length of the hypotenuse is construction. The road under construction and the and the lengths of the legs are detour form a right triangle. The length of the hypotenuse is x and the lengths of the legs are 0.8 and 1.8. Therefore, a stretch of about 2 miles is under construction. ANSWER: about 2 mi Therefore, the horizontal position of the support is about 3 ft. ANSWER: about 3 ft eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 10 8-2 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its Converse Determine whether each set of numbers can be 22. 10, 12, 23 the measures of the sides of a triangle. If so, SOLUTION: classify the triangle as acute, obtuse, or right. Justify your answer. By the triangle inequality theorem, the sum of the 21.