Introducing Entrepreneurship Into The Public University Scheme In Egypt A Thesis Submitted to Sustainable Development Program For all Concentrations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Sustainable Development By Ahmed A. Abbas Under the supervision of Dr. Tarek Hatem Professor of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship 12 - 2016 2 Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................. 5 Chapter I Introduction ............................................................................................................. 7 Background ................................................................................................................................. 7 Research Problem ..................................................................................................................... 10 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................................................. 10 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................................................. 12 Research Questions ................................................................................................................... 16 Research Motivation ................................................................................................................. 16 Research Hypothesis ................................................................................................................. 17 Chapter II: Research Methods ................................................................................................ 18 Research Design ........................................................................................................................ 18 Research Procedures ................................................................................................................. 18 Limitations of The Study ............................................................................................................ 19 Chapter III: Literature Review ................................................................................................. 20 Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship ....................................................................................... 20 Ecosystem ................................................................................................................................. 21 Egyptian Ecosystem ................................................................................................................... 22 Enablers of Entrepreneurial Development ................................................................................ 25 Social Entrepreneurship ............................................................................................................ 26 Social Entrepreneurship in Egypt .............................................................................................. 28 Social Entrepreneurship Education ........................................................................................... 28 Chapter IV: The State of Entrepreneurship Education in Public Universities ............................ 31 Chapter V: Legal Framework of Public Universities, Bylaws and Hieratical Structure ............... 43 Legislative and Regulative Summary ......................................................................................... 48 Hieratical Structure ................................................................................................................... 51 Units of Special Situation .......................................................................................................... 52 Chapter VI: University Social Entrepreneurship Programs and Center ..................................... 54 Oxford University ...................................................................................................................... 55 Harvard University .................................................................................................................... 56 Cambridge University ................................................................................................................ 58 Duke University, the Faqua School of Business ......................................................................... 60 Stanford University .................................................................................................................... 62 3 University of Cape Town, South Africa ...................................................................................... 64 Brac University, Bangladesh ...................................................................................................... 66 Indian Colleges and Institutions offer Entrepreneurship Education Programs ......................... 67 Analysis & Lesson Learned ........................................................................................................ 69 Local Social Enablers ................................................................................................................ 72 Injaz Egypt ................................................................................................................................. 72 Nahdet el Mahrousa .................................................................................................................. 72 Chapter VII: Internal Insights .................................................................................................. 74 Chapter VIII: Challenges & Opportunities ............................................................................... 78 Accreditation ............................................................................................................................. 81 Chapter IX: Suggested Intervention ........................................................................................ 82 Stakeholders Collaboration ....................................................................................................... 82 Quick-Win Intervention: ............................................................................................................ 84 Long-Term Intervention: ........................................................................................................... 85 Strategic Intervention: .............................................................................................................. 86 Chapter X: Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 88 Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 90 Attachments .......................................................................................................................... 98 I IRB APPROVAL...................................................................................................................... 99 II Consent Form .................................................................................................................... 100 III Interview Questions ........................................................................................................ 101 Table of Figures Figure 1 Ajzen Theory of Planned Behavior ------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Figure 2 The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on New Companies Creation (Kauffman) - 15 Figure 3 The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Sales Growth and Personal --------------- 15 Figure 4 Daniel Isenberg Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Model (Source Babson College) ---------- 21 Figure 5 Egypt Entrepreneurship World Ranking (Source GEDI) ----------------------------------------- 22 Figure 6 Status of Egyptian Entrepreneurship Pillars (Source GEI) -------------------------------------- 23 Figure 7 Scores of Entrepreneurship Pillars (Source GEI) -------------------------------------------------- 24 Figure 8 Master of Entrepreneurship & Small Enterprises ------------------------------------------------- 41 Figure 9 Hierarchal Structure of Public Universities --------------------------------------------------------- 52 4 Figure 10 Harvard Social Enterprise Fast Facts --------------------------------------------------------------- 58 Figure 11 Stanford Social Entrepreneurship Resource Hub ----------------------------------------------- 64 Figure 12 Stakeholder Mapping ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 83 Figure 13 Intervention Layout ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 87 Table of Tables Table 1 Faculty of Commerce, Assuit University Programs ........................................................... 32 Table 2 Faculty of Commerce Zagazig University Programs ......................................................... 33 Table 3 Faculty of Commerce, Sohag University Programs .......................................................... 33 Table 4 Faculty of Commerce, South Valley in Quena University Programs ................................ 33 Table 5 Faculty of Commerce, Mansoura University Programs ................................................... 34 Table 6 Faculty of Commerce, Tanta University Programs .......................................................... 34 Table 7 Faculty of Commerce,