re ultu et c on ati uc Ed AN ENGLISHMAN IN VAUGNERAY HALLOWEEN Halloween in the USA : There was a lot of resistance to The name : The 1st of November is All Saints Day (Toussaint). Halloween by the Puritans. It only became popular after Another name is All Hallow’s Day. The 31st of October is the mass immigration of the Irish and Scottish in the 19th the Eve or evening before All Hallow’s Day, or All Hallow’s century. Typical American marketing made Halloween big Evening. Over time this was contracted to Halloween. business. The history : 2000 years ago the Celts celebrated their Halloween in Vaugneray : Mrs M. and New Year on the 1st of November. It marked the end of I will read Two Little Witches to her CE1/ summer and the beginning of winter. It could be difficult to CE2 class. It’s a book to teach counting, get food in winter, and the cold weather was dangerous. appearance and Halloween characters, They associated winter with death and on the 31st of for example witch (sorcière), skeleton October they had a festival called Samhain. They believed (squelette), clown, pumpkin (courge), the ghosts of the dead returned on this day. They dressed in monster and pirate. costumes and druids made sacred bonfires to protect them The Sous des Écoles will organise their from winter. second Halloween Party on Saturday the Later two Roman festivals were combined with Samhain. 29th of October. You can try Pumpkin Pie One of these festivals celebrated the dead, and the other at the party and maybe apple bobbing, celebrated Pomona a goddess of fruit and trees. The symbol too. Mr. F will also make Pumpkin Pie. You can buy one in of Pomona is an apple. his Banette bakery on Saturday and Sunday. In 609 AD the Pope declared the 13th of May All Martyrs’ Day. After Pope Gregory III expanded the festival to include Halloween recipe : Pumpkin Pie All Saints and moved the festival to the 1st of November. To completely replace the Celtic festival Pope Gregory IV created All Souls’ Day on the 2nd of November. The traditions : Modern Halloween traditions are a mix of Pagan, Celtic, Roman and Christian influences. - A jack-o’-lantern is a carved pumpkin with a candle inside. It represents a ghost or spirit and protects your house from other ghosts and spirits. - apple bobbing is an old Irish tradition. Apples are put in a basin of water and you must take one with just your mouth ! • 500g pumpkin, cooked and puréed (450-500g de purée de courge) • 1 tin evaporated milk (une boîte de lait condensé ou éventuellement de la crème épaisse) • 2/3 eggs, beaten (2/3 œufs battus) • 175g dark brown soft sugar (sucre roux) • 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon (une demi cuillère à café de cannelle) • 1/2 teaspoon ground ginger (gingembre) • 1/2 teaspoon ground nutmeg (noix de muscade) • 1/2 teaspoon salt (sel) • sweet shortcrust pastry (une pâte brisée) - toffee apples are apples covered in caramel on a stick; Peel and cut the pumpkin in cubes. Cook in a pan of water another link to Pomona. until tender (tendre). Drain (égouttez) well and leave to cool. - trick or treating: children wear costumes and knock on Mix all the ingredients in a mixer and pour into the pastry. doors and say “Trick or Treat!”. A trick is practical joke, a Cook for 40 minutes at 200°C. Check with a knife after 30 treat is a cake or sweets. The costume symbolises a ghost minutes. or spirit, and the sweet symbolises a sacrifice for protection. Serve cold or warm. - bonfires symbolise protection from the dangers of winter. Mr T. N°146 - Octobre 2016 p.30 Vivre à Vaugneray.