I 1 .----1 ---------- ------------------------------- --,I LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 ISSN 1031-3958 I I I Lithuanian Papers I I Contents : ANNUALJOURNAL OF THE LITHUANIAN STIIDIES SOCIETY I l AT TIIE UNIVERSI1YOF TASMANIA Queen Elizabeth 11 in Lithuania 3 ¥olume 21 - 2007 I I missed out knowing my granddad John Masanauskas 7 Tas, NE. Compensation is well overdue Lietuvos Rytas, EDITOR: Algimantas P. TASKONAS, OAM, PhD MEdAdmin I Tas. I transl. Gintautas Kaminskas 14 ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Vince J. TASK0NAS, BA I EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS ADDRESS: Living on a farm in Lithuania, 2007 Danute M. Baltutiene 17 1 Post Office Box 777, SANDY BAY, TAS. 7006 (Australia). I The EU-Russia energy link and the Baltic transit corridor Phone (03) 6225 2505. E-mail: <[email protected]> Eiki Berg 23 SUBSCRIPTIONS: Australia, single issue, $7 posted. All other countries, single issue by air mail, US$8. Please direct subscription Where was mediaeval Lithuania? Stephen C. Rowell 31 1 requests to: Post Office Box 777, Sandy Bay, Tas. 7006 (Australia). All you wanted to know (Lithuanian Book Collection) 36 PRINTED in Australia by Print Centre (Tas-') P/L, Ph. 03 6231 1700. LITHUANIAN PAPERS journal has been published annually since 1987, The forests of Lithuania and Tasmania: A literary analysis by the Lithuanian Studies Society at the University of Tasmania, usually Claire Jansen 39 in October or November. Archives of Emigration: Problems and Cases CONTRIBUTIONS are normally assessed by independent peer , Jolanta Budriilniene 42 referees before publication. Il Book Review: Janina Degutyte in English translation The VIEWS expressed in this journal, unless otherwise stated, I i Ina Bertulyte Bray 45 , are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the I Transl. by Graiina Slavenas ! vie�s of the Editors or the publishers (the Lithuanian Studies I Poetry by Janina Degutyte 49 I Society). I Lithuanians in Australia Algimantas Taskunas 55 I Advertising : Lithuania - Main facts 70 The publishers of LITHUANIAN PAPERS welcome ethical advertising ! I Our thanks I, and reserve the right to refuse any advertisement, without having to give Il l the reasons for such refusal. : I 1 J Il ADVERTISING RATES Il : Size Dimensions AU $ or US $ l I I 2 adjoining pages mono 170 x 250 mm l COVER PHOTOS: ! or2 x170 x113 mm $250 or US$215 I l Full page mono 170 x113 mm $ 140 or US$120 I Several Lithuanian folk dancing groups are active in the larger centres of l Half page mono 80 x113 mm $ 85 or US$ 75 l Australia. These amateur dancers practise regularly and entertain ethnic Other - by arrangement. Prices are for camera-ready copy. groups as well as non-ethnic audiences. Pictured, on front and back ! ! Melbourne folk dancing group "Gintaras" (Amber), performing The l Typesetting and graphic design are available at extra cost. l covers: CONTACT: Al TaskOnas, Editor. Ph. (03) 6225 2505 Forest Crossing dance, at the 2006 Lithuanian Dance Festival. : ! - Photos: Vytautas Krivickas. l� -- -------------E-mail:------ [email protected]�l 2 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 3 Queen Elizabeth II in Lithuania UNIVERS'TY Of' fA<,,v;ANIA Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great TA S SCHO UTAS Britain and Northern Ireland, Elizabeth II, and His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh paid an official Lithuanian Studies visit to Lithuania on 16-18 October, 2006. The Queen was enthusiastically received Society Honours by the people of Lithuania, and she responded with the Scholarship following speech at the Seimas (Lithuania's Parlia­ $5,000 ment) on 17 October, 2006. Thank you for your warm welcome and for the opportunity to address the Seimas. Are you doing Honours in 2008? The exhibition I have just seen has reminded me both of Lithuania's long history as a European nation and of the drama of your country's recovery of Independence some fifteen years ago. The Lithuanian Studies Society, whose aim is to promote the study and research of topics connected with Lithuania and its people. will offer this scholarship in It is an honour to stand here where so many risked their lives in 2008. the struggle for freedom. The Scholarship is available to an Honours student from any faculty of the Prince Philip and I begin today in Vilnius our first visit to the Baltic University whose thesis involves an aspect of the study of Lithuania and/or Lithuanians. States to mark the achievements of all three nations in these recent years. Apply now by completing the Honours application form available at You have emerged from the shadow of the Soviet Union and www.scholarships.utas.edu.au or apply online. Contact the Tasmania Scholarships Office on (03) 6226 2879 or email [email protected] for further information on blossomed as sovereign states, taking up your rightful places in applying. the international community and as respected members of the European Union and NATO. For more information on the scholarship contact Dr Al Taskunas from the It is a transformation - political, economic and social - for which Lithuanian Studies Society on (03) 6225 2505 or write to PO Box 777, Sandy Bay, Tasmania 7006. there are few parallels in the history of Europe. But we should never forget what Lithuania has suffered along the Applications close on Friday, 16 November 2007 road to freedom. The years of murder, torture, deportations and exile during much of the twentieth century are amongst the darkest passages in the history of our continent. 4 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 5 Here in Vilnius we cannot forget the tragedy of the holocaust. Lithuania has a fresh and energetic spirit, born out of your There are many in the British Jewish community whose families struggles and achievements, to which British people respond. lie buried in Lithuania and I pay tribute to all who stood up against And I believe Britain has much to offer Lithuanians. tyranny, so often making the ultimate sacrifice. In the future I hope young people will continue to travel between During the years of occupation contacts between the United our two countries, learning about each other, whether working, Kingdom and the Baltic States were limited. But before 1939 our studying or as tourists. Lithuania's millennium in 2009 and Vilnius' relationship stretches back to mediaeval times so in the last term as a European Capital of Culture that year offer new fifteen years we have been rediscovering each other. opportunities, including collaboration with Liverpool which will be a Capital of Culture in 2008. We value the great diversity that is a defining characteristic of Europe and you enrich our continent with your distinctive We also look forward to welcoming Lithuanians to London for the language, culture and experience. 2012 Olympic Games, as competitors and spectators. I am pleased that the relationship between Britain and Lithuania is developing at such a pace. We face many of the same challenges and opportunities as we work together in the European Union and NATO. Despite our different histories we see many things in the same light. We share an interest in building a Europe which is outward looking, open and confident. We are not afraid of change and reform. We are committed to ensuring that the benefits of freedom, democracy, and the benefit of open markets which we enjoy in the EU and NATO are extended to our neighbours who are ready and willing to join. We both believe that we have a duty to help resolve conflicts in the wider world. Trade and investment is growing in both directions and new opportunities are being created by the freedom of movement of labour. Above all I am delighted that contacts between our people, especially the young, have flourished in recent years. Many Lithuanians are now visiting Britain and the number of British people coming to Lithuania is increasing rapidly. Hundreds of years ago it was the Scots and the merchants from the North East of England who established themselves in your During their visit, Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Phillip country. Today, too, people from these parts of Britain are again (left) (behind her) attended a historic exhibition in Seimas, Lithuania's Parliament House. notably active in exploring new partnerships with Lithuania - it Among their hosts were the first deputy speaker (sometimes also known was a particular pleasure to welcome your President to Edinburgh as the deputy chairman) of Seimas, Ceslovas Jursenas (right) and the in July this year. speaker, Viktoras Muntianas (second from right). 6 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 LITHUANIAN PAPERS, No.21/2007 7 Mr. Speaker, I hope my visit will demonstrate the importance we attach to the relationship which now exists between Britain and I Missed out Knowing My Grandad Lithuania. We welcome Lithuania as a new partner and ally and John MASANAUSKAS want to see our relationship flourish in every sphere. Melbourne We admire the spe.ed with which you have moved from being a recipient of international aid to being a generous donor, from an It would begin with a 4000km journey to hell and end after importer of security to a country contributing materially to the three years of misery in a Siberian labour camp. This is my security of others. grand-father's story. We salute your dynamism, your creativity and your commitment On June 14, 1941, half the world is at war. Australian troops take to freedom and democracy which has so much to offer to your part in an allied invasion of Lebanon and Syria which are partners and to the world. controlled by the Nazi-backed French Vichy regime.