CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN INDONESIAN LEGAL SYSTEM: BETWEEN LEGAL CERTAINTY AND LEGAL CULTURE By Aditya Rini ID No. 017201300001 A Thesis presented to the Faculty of Humanities President University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Bachelor Degree in Law Major 2017 i THESIS ADVISOR RECOMMENDATION LETTER This Thesis entitled “Capital Punishment in Indonesian Legal System: Between Legal Certainty and Legal Culture” prepared and submitted by Aditya Rini in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Law in the Faculty of Humanities has been reviewed and found to have satisfied the requirement for a thesis fit to be examined. I therefore recommend this thesis for Oral Defense. Cikarang, Indonesia, February 13, 2017 Dr. Edy Santoso Zenny Rezania Dewantary, S.H., M.Hum Advisor 1 Advisor 2 ii DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY I declare that this Thesis entitle “Capital Punishment in Indonesian Legal System: Between Legal Certainty and Legal Culture” is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, an original piece of work that has not been submitted either in whole or in part, to another university to obtain degree. Cikarang, Indonesia, February 13, 2017 Aditya Rini iii PANEL OF EXAMINERS APPROVAL SHEET This Thesis entitled “Capital Punishment in Indonesian Legal System: Between Legal Certainty and Legal Culture” has been submitted by Aditya Rini majoring in Law from the Faculty of Humanities has been assessed and approved to have passed the Oral Examination on February 27th 2017. Dr. Edy Santoso Chair Panel of Emaniners/Thesis Advisor Zenny Rezania Dewantary, S.H., M.Hum Examiner I Dra. Fennieka Kristianto, S.H., M.H., M.A., M.Kn Examiner II iv ABSTRACT The research has a purpose to analyze and find answer for two things, there are: first, the enforcement of capital punishment in Indonesian legal system. Second, The reasons, background, and consideration of the exsistance of capital punishment. This research done by normative legal research, thus the research examine the problems to find out the solutions using the methods which obtaining the remaining way which could be controled and has the basis of any kind of supporting theories related to the enforcement of capital punishment. It also directly related to the legal practice which concerning into two main aspects regarding the legal forming (legal development) and legal implementation concerning the capital punishment. In this research writing, using approach of statute; comparative; and philosophy by using related laws, regulations, and legal principles, supporting by the theories and principles that related to the research problem as the central of focus, in addition author using comparative approach with Malaysian Law limited to certain regulations which concern to the Capital Punishment. The result of research that had already found: first, the capital punishment does not violate Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution and any other Laws both nationally and internationally. Second, capital punishment feasible to be applied as long as society still need it and as deterrence effect. Keywords: Capital punishment, Indonesia, Retentionist, Indonesian Penal Code Renewal, Alternative Punishment. v ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menemukan jawaban atas dua hal, yaitu: pertama, mengenai penegakan hukuman mati dalam sistem hukum Indonesia dan yang kedua, berkenaan tentang alasan, latar belakang, dan pertimbangan dari adanya hukuman mati. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif, dimana dalam penelitian ini menguji rumusan masalah dengan upaya mencari solusi menggunakan metodologi yang terkait dengan teori pemberlakuan pidana mati. Dimana hal tersebut terkait langsung dengan berbagai bentuk praktik hukum yang berfokus kepada dua aspek utama tentang penemuan hukum (perkembangan hukum) dan implementasi hukum terkait pelaksanaan hukuman mati. Dalam penulisan, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan statuta; komparatif; dan filosofi dengan menggunakan undang-undang, peraturan, dan prinsip hukum yang terkait, dengan didukung teori dan prinsip yang terkait dengan rumusan masalah, sebagai tambahan Penulis menggunakan pendekatan komparatif terhadap Hukum Malaysia, yang terbatas pada beberapa peraturan yang terkait tentang hukuman mati. Hasil penelitian yang telah ditemukan adalah sebagai berikut: pertama, hukuman mati tidak melanggar Pancasila, UUD 1945 dan UU lainnya baik secara nasional maupun internasional. Kedua, hukuman mati layak diterapkan selama masyarakat masih membutuhkannya dan sebagai efek pencegahan akan kejahatan yang akan datang. Kata kunci: Hukuman mati, Indonesia, Retensionis, Pembaruan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, Hukuman Alternatif vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank to Allah SWT, for His blessings in my life, lead and accompany me during ups and downs, especially that I could finish my thesis in order to achieve Bachelor Degree of Law. In completing my thesis writing, I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who supported me. I would like to thank to my beloved family. My father Slamet Hariyadi; my mother Marini Hasyim; my brothers Haryo Umboro and Hari Triadi Syarifahri; my sisters Meilla Inayah and Salwa Ulya Athiyah and my uncle Indrardjo Kusumo W. Soemasto who support me. This achievement is only the beginning. I would promise you that I made you even prouder in the future. I love you with all of my heart. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisors Mr. Edy Santoso and Mrs. Zenny Rezania Dewantary for the continuous support, for the patience, motivation, and immense knowledge. Their guidance help me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. I thank to Mrs Fennieka Kristianto as the Head of Law study program and also the other lecturers of Law study program, to Mrs. Maria Francisca, Mr. Mahayoni Manasye, Mr. Yance Arizona, Mr. Veri Junaidi, Mr. Sujana Donandi Sinuraya, Mrs. Rahma Mary, Mr. Iyus Tobing, Mr. Nur Munir, Mr. Arif Maulana, and other names that could not be mentioned for your kindness in giving knowledge through all years of study and also my beloved Mbak Maya Nursita who helps most of my administration issue in these past years. vii This thesis would not have been possible to be done without Matteo Lelli who always support and help me in any conditions in this period, thanks for everything. My best friend Dara Rizki Amalia, Efi Fauzia, Madonna Natalia, Marrietta Rizkita Sihotang, Khorunnisa, and Bella Jelita Nediawati who always cheer me up and help me to go through this all. I thank you, I really appreciate it so much. I thank to my colleagues during the Internship program in Nestle, to my supervisor Mr. Didik Mas’adi, Mrs. Annisa Permata, all Management team and all Union team for all knowledge and self development that you have taught me. To all of my friends during the Internship program in Nestle, Gusti Anggita, Agnes Friska Cyntia, Joanna, Tania, Chris, Prayogo Yoedo, Ana Fitria and Andyn who never stop to support me. I thank you for all who have helped me that cannot be mentioned one by one and also for those useful tools that are always available to help me to get the information and references, National library, University of Indonesia library, Internet, Google and other tools that support me to do my thesis and works effectively and efficiently. Thank you for everything and at last but not least, I pray the best for you all and may God bless you. Cikarang, Indonesia, February 13, 2017 Aditya Rini viii TABLE OF CONTENTS THESIS ADVISOR RECOMMENDATION LETTER .................................... i DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY .............................................................. ii ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... viii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. Background ..................................................................................................... 1 B. Problem Identification ..................................................................................... 6 C. Research Objectives ........................................................................................ 6 1. General Objective......................................................................................... 6 2. Specific Objective ........................................................................................ 6 D. Scope and Limitation ...................................................................................... 6 E. Research Benefits ............................................................................................ 7 F. Framework ...................................................................................................... 7 G. Research Methodology.................................................................................... 9 ix 1. Type of Research.........................................................................................