UNION WITH CHRIST Apologetics Vol. 6, No. 1 / April 2020 6, No. Vol. Westminster International Theological Reformed Seminary Evangelical Philadelphia Seminary uniocc.com Vol. 6, No. 1 / April 2020 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFORMED THEOLOGY AND LIFE Editorial Board Members Africa Flip Buys, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Henk Stoker, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Philip Tachin, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria Cephas Tushima, ECWA Theological Seminary, Jos, Nigeria Asia UNION WITH CHRIST In-Sub Ahn, Chong Shin University and Seminary, Seoul, Korea Wilson W. Chow, China Graduate School of Theology, Hong Kong Matthew Ebenezer, Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Dehra Dun, India Editorial Committee and Staff Editor in Chief: Paul Wells Kevin Woongsan Kang, Chongshin Theological Seminary, Seoul, Korea Senior Editors: Peter A. Lillback and Benyamin F. Intan In Whan Kim, formerly Daeshin University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Korea Managing Editor: Bernard Aubert Billy Kristanto, International Reformed Evangelical Seminary, Jakarta, Indonesia Book Review Editor: Brandon D. Crowe Jong Yun Lee, Academia Christiana of Korea, Seoul, Korea Subscription Manager: Audy Santoso Sang Gyoo Lee, Baekseok University, Seoul, Korea Assistant: Gospel Porquez Deok Kyo Oh, Ulaanbaatar University, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Copy Editor: Henry Whitney Jason Hing Kau Yeung, China Graduate School of Theology, Hong Kong Typesetter: Janice Van Eck Moses Wong, China Reformed Theological Seminary, Taipei, Taiwan Mission Statement Australia Unio cum Christo celebrates and encourages the visible union believers possess Allan M. Harman, Presbyterian Theological College, Victoria, Australia in Christ when they confess the faith of the one holy catholic and apostolic Peter Hastie, Presbyterian Theological College, Victoria, Australia church, the body of Christ. Thus, its mission is (1) to be an international scholarly Mark D. Thompson, Moore Theological College, Newtown, Australia and practical journal for the global Reformed community—churches, seminaries, theologians, and pastors; (2) to encourage deeper fellowship, Europe understanding, and growth in faith, hope, and love in the Reformed community Henri Blocher, Faculté Libre de Théologie Évangélique, Vaux-sur-Seine, France at large; and (3) to support small and isolated Reformed witnesses in minority Leonardo De Chirico, Istituto di Formazione Evangelica e Documentazione, missional situations. It will seek to do so by the publication and dissemination Padova, Italy of scholarly contributions of a biblical, theological, and practical nature by David Estrada, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Reformed leaders world-wide—including leading theologians, developing Ian Hamilton, Inverness, formerly Cambridge Presbyterian Church, Cambridge, UK scholars, practicing missionaries, pastors, and evangelists. Roel Kuiper, Kampen Theological University, Kampen, Netherlands José de Segovia, Iglesia Reformada de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Articles, interviews, and book reviews will consistently be in line with biblically Herman J. Selderhuis, Theological University Apeldoorn, Apeldoorn, Netherlands based Reformed confessional orthodoxy and orthopraxis. Submitted or Henk van den Belt, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands solicited contributions for its biannual issues will focus on specific themes of importance to the Reformed tradition and present debate. North America Greg Beale, Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, USA The opinions expressed in this journal represent the views only of the individual Joel R. Beeke, Puritan Reformed Theological Seminary, Grand Rapids, USA contributors; they do not reflect the views of the editors, of Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, or the International Reformed Evangelical Seminary, Jakarta. Gerald L. Bray, Samford University, Birmingham, USA William Edgar, Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, USA Richard B. Gaffin Jr., Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia, USA This periodical is indexed in the ATLA Religion Database® (ATLA RDB®), a product of the David (Eung-Yul) Ryoo, Centreville, USA, formerly Chongshin Seminary, Seoul, American Theological Library Association. Email: [email protected], www: www.atla.com. Korea The journal’s “Ethics Statement” and “Peer Review and Editorial Policy Statement” can Jason Van Vliet, Canadian Reformed Theological Seminary, Hamilton, Canada be consulted on our website. ISSN 2380-5412 (print) South America ISSN 2473-8476 (online) Davi Gomes, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil Mauro Meister, Andrew Jumper Graduate Center, São Paulo, Brazil Copyright © 2020 International Reformed Evangelical Seminary and Westminster Theological Seminary. All rights reserved. Unio cum Christo® is a registered trademark of Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia. Printed in the United States of America and Indonesia INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFORMED THEOLOGY AND LIFE UNION WITH CHRIST Vol. 6, No. 1 / APRIL 2020 Apologetics Published jointly by Westminster International Reformed Theological Seminary Evangelical Seminary P.O. Box 27009 Reformed Millennium Philadelphia, PA 19118 Center Indonesia United States of America Jl. Industri Blok B14 Kav. 1 Jakarta Pusat, 10720, Indonesia uniocc.com [email protected] Submissions For questions regarding submission of articles, contact Paul Wells at [email protected] or Bernard Aubert at [email protected]. Guidelines of style can be found at our website: uniocc.com. Subscriptions Annual subscription rates for 2020 are $40.00 for institutions, $30.00 for individuals, and $20.00 for students. Single issues may be purchased at $14.00 per copy. Inquiries concerning subscription and orders should be sent to [email protected]. This periodical is indexed in the ATLA Religion Database® (ATLA RDB®), a product of the American Theological Library Association. Email: [email protected], www: www.atla.com. The journal’s “Ethics Statement” and “Peer Review and Editorial Policy Statement” can be consulted on our website. ISSN 2380-5412 (print) ISSN 2473-8476 (online) Copyright © 2020 International Reformed Evangelical Seminary and Westminster Theological Seminary. All rights reserved. Unio cum Christo® is a registered trademark of Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia. Printed in the United States of America and Indonesia CONTENTS Apologetics 5 Editorial: The Way We Live Now / PAUL WELLS APOLOGETIC ISSUES IN MISSION 11 The Areopagus Speech and Contextualization: Some Hermeneutical and Exegetical Considerations / FLAVIEN PARDIGON 29 Shared Presuppositions? The CAMEL Method and the Insider Movement / JOHN SPAN 9 4 Missiological Implications of Conscience in Present-Day Roman Catholicism / REID KARR 65 Cults and Conscience: Apologetics and the Reconfigured Conscience of Cult Members / H. G. (HENK) STOKER ETHICAL ISSUES IN APOLOGETICS 83 Solidarity in the Fall: An Essay on Self-Deception / ANDRÉ GESKE 99 Self-Deception and the Apologetic of Despair in Pascal, Kierkegaard, and Bahnsen / THEODORE G. (TED) VAN RAALTE 117 Does Our Lord Ask Too Much? A Neglected Issue in Apologetics Today / WILLIAM EDGAR 131 God Intended It for Good: Re-forming Evil / YANNICK IMBERT ETHICAL ISSUES 914 Edwards: Ethics for Both the Vulgar and the Learned / PAUL HELM 7 16 Progress and Protest in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth- Century Presbyterianism / CHAD VAN DIXHOORN 3 4 UNIO CUM CHRISTO ›› UNIOCC.COM 185 Young Age Faith in Light of Developmental Psychology / G. JONKER VENTER AND H. G. (HENK) STOKER INTERVIEW 199 Interview with Os Guinness / PETER A. LILLBACK SHORT NOTICES 211 Schaeffer’s Apologetics / JERRAM BARRS 229 Newbigin’s Missionary Ecclesiology / ARJAN DE VISSER BOOK REVIEWS 723 Flavien Pardigon. Paul Against the Idols: A Contextual Reading of the Areopagus Speech / JEONG KOO JEON 240 Elijah Hixson and Peter J. Gurry, eds. Myths and Mistakes in New Testament Textual Criticism / THOMAS HAVILAND-PABST 243 John V. Fesko. Reforming Apologetics: Retrieving the Classic Reformed Approach to Defending the Faith / ANDRÉ GESKE 246 Paul Helm. Human Nature from Calvin to Edwards / MATTHEW J. HART 250 Jordan Peterson. Twelve Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos / ALISON WELLS EPILOGUE 255 Pastoral Principles Pertaining to Pestilence and Providence / PETER A. LILLBACK 271 Contributors EDITORIAL The Way We Live Now PAUL WELLS t the beginning of the third decade of this new century, Unio cum Christo will address the issues of apologetics and public theology. Both subjects present challenges that demand the attention of Reformed Christianity since we live in a world where change seems to be accelerating at breathtaking Aspeed with new issues constantly surfacing. We trust the way of presenting these questions will be stimulating and useful to you, our readers. Toward the end of the twentieth century, when the narrative of modern- ism disintegrated, the radical individualism of “me and my conscience” invaded the social beachheads. The title of Elton John’s recent autobiography Me says it all. The identity constructs of subjective autonomy sounded the death knell of rationalism, debate, and historical materialism. It is the final escape from reason, to use Francis Schaeffer’s term. Traditional under- standings of class, gender, and language are seen to be the tools of ruling elite oppression. The order of the day became deconstruction of worn-out narratives to remove the injustices of the past: of reason, history, nature, class, sex, and, above all, family