Monitoring and Indicators of Forest Biodiversity in Europe – From Ideas to Operationality Marco Marchetti (ed.) EFI Proceedings No. 51, 2004 European Forest Institute IUFRO Unit 8.07.01 European Environment Agency IUFRO Unit 4.02.05 IUFRO Unit 4.02.06 Joint Research Centre Ministero della Politiche Accademia Italiana di University of Florence (JRC) Agricole e Forestali – Scienze Forestali Corpo Forestale dello Stato EFI Proceedings No. 51, 2004 Monitoring and Indicators of Forest Biodiversity in Europe – From Ideas to Operationality Marco Marchetti (ed.) Publisher: European Forest Institute Series Editors: Risto Päivinen, Editor-in-Chief Minna Korhonen, Technical Editor Brita Pajari, Conference Manager Editorial Office: European Forest Institute Phone: +358 13 252 020 Torikatu 34 Fax. +358 13 124 393 FIN-80100 Joensuu, Finland Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.efi.fi/ Cover illustration: Vallombrosa, Augustus J C Hare, 1900 Layout: Kuvaste Oy Printing: Gummerus Printing Saarijärvi, Finland 2005 Disclaimer: The papers in this book comprise the proceedings of the event mentioned on the back cover. They reflect the authors' opinions and do not necessarily correspond to those of the European Forest Institute. © European Forest Institute 2005 ISSN 1237-8801 (printed) ISBN 952-5453-04-9 (printed) ISSN 14587-0610 (online) ISBN 952-5453-05-7 (online) Contents Pinborg, U. Preface – Ideas on Emerging User Needs to Assess Forest Biodiversity ......... 7 Marchetti, M. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 9 Session 1: Emerging User Needs and Pressures on Forest Biodiversity De Heer et al. Biodiversity Trends and Threats in Europe – Can We Apply a Generic Biodiversity Indicator to Forests? ................................................................... 15 Linser, S. The MCPFE’s Work on Biodiversity .............................................................. 27 Schuck, A. and Forest Biodiversity Indicators – A Contribution to an EEA Core Set of Rois, M. Biodiversity Indicators .................................................................................... 37 Schuck et al. Forest Biodiversity Indicator: Dead Wood – A Proposed Approach towards Operationalising the MCPFE Indicator .......................................................... 49 Humphrey, J.W. and Biodiversity Indicators for UK Managed Forests: Development and Watts, K. Implementation at Different Spatial Scales .................................................... 79 Estreguil et al. JRC Contribution to Reporting Needs of EC Nature and Forest Policies ...... 91 Session 2: Forest Classification and Assessment Strategies Barbati, A. and Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment (FTBAs) in Europe: the Revised Marchetti, M. Classification Scheme ................................................................................... 105 Bradshaw, R.H.W. European Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment – A Qualitative and Møller, P.F. Approach ...................................................................................................... 127 Norddahl Kirsch, M.M. European Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment – Quantitative and Bradshaw, R.H.W. Approaches ................................................................................................... 135 Corona et al. Stand-level Forest Type Approach in Italy: Experiences from the Last Twenty Years ................................................................................................. 143 Rego et al. Combination of Structural and Compositional Factors for Describing Forest Types Using National Forest Inventory Data .................................... 153 Ciancio, O. and Biodiversity Conservation in Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems: from Nocentini, S. Theory to Operationality ............................................................................... 163 Session 3: Stand-Level Indicators: Dead Wood Montes et al. Characterisation of Coarse Woody Debris in Two Scots Pine Forests in Spain ............................................................................................................. 171 Hahn, K. and Dead Wood in European Forest Reserves – A Reference for Forest Christensen, M. Management ................................................................................................. 181 Humphrey et al. Deadwood as an Indicator of Biodiversity in European Forests: From Theory to Operational Guidance .................................................................. 193 Stokland et al. Development of Dead Wood Indicators for Biodiversity Monitoring: Experiences from Scandinavia ..................................................................... 207 Session 4: Stand-Level Indicators: The Heterotrophic Phase Christensen et al. Wood-inhabiting Fungi as Indicators of Nature Value in European Beech Forests ........................................................................................................... 229 Dodelin, B. and Estimating the Heterotrophic Phase in Alpine Forests ................................. 239 Lempérière, G. Sim-Sim et al. Diversity of Bryophytes – Useful Indicators of Madeira Laurel Forest Conservation ................................................................................................. 247 Pontégnie et al. On the Interest of Litter-Dwelling Invertebrates to Assess Silvicultural Impact on Forest Biodiversity ...................................................................... 259 Garcia et al. Epiphytic Bryophytes and Lichens in Quercus rotundifolia Lam. Woodlands of Portugal and their Value as Ecological Indicators................. 271 Session 5: Forest Indicator Development at Landscape Level Agnoletti, M. Cultural Landscapes and Biodiversity: A Case Study Suggesting a Different Approach In Conservation Strategies in Italy ............................... 287 Angelstam, P. and Maintaining Forest Biodiversity in Actual Landscapes – European Törnblom, J. Gradients in History and Governance Systems as a “Landscape Lab” ........ 299 Koch, B. and Ivits, E. Results from the Project BioAssess – Relation Between Remote Sensing and Terrestrial Derived Biodiversity Indicators .............................. 315 Maggi et al. Implementing Indicators for Forest Monitoring within Alpine Natura 2000 Sites ......................................................................................... 333 La Mela Veca et al. Spatial Analysis of Natural and Semi-natural Habitats of the Natura 2000 Network in the Sicani Mountains (W Sicily, Italy) ...................................... 343 Hirata et al. Extracting Forest Patch Attributes at the Landscape Level Using New Remote Sensing Techniques – An Integrated Approach of High-Resolution Satellite Data, Airborne Lidar Data and GIS Data for Forest Conservation ...................................................................................... 359 Casanova, P. and Birds and Mammals as Indicators of Changes in Biodiversity in Italy ........ 369 Memoli, A. Session 6: Methods for Data Collection and Evolution of Monitoring Schemes Chirici, G. Ecological Multicriteria Evaluation as Fuzzy Prior Probability Supporting Forest Type Mapping on a Regional Scale ................................................... 381 Mayer et al. Baselines of Biodiversity – the Plant Species Richness of Natural Forests as a Target for Nature Conservation ............................................................. 393 Sechi et al. A Monitoring Network of Cork Oak Decline in Sardinia, Italy to Establish Control Strategies .......................................................................... 405 Haußmann, T. and The Forest Monitoring Programme of ICP Forests – A Contribution to Fischer, R. Biodiversity Monitoring ............................................................................... 413 Kovac et al. A Methodological Approach for the Improvement of Biodiversity Monitoring and Management ....................................................................... 421 Luque et al. Multi-Source Forest Inventory Data for Biodiversity Monitoring and Planning at the Forest Landscape Level ....................................................... 431 Petriccione, B. First Results of the ICP Forests Biodiversity Test-Phase in Italy ................. 445 Pileri, P. and Monitoring Biodiversity at a Wide Land Scale to Support Sustainable Sartori, F. Planning and Policy: The Proposal of a Key Indicator Based on Vegetation Cover Data Deriving from Maps ................................................ 455 Session 7: Human Influence on Biodiversity van der Sluis et al. Towards Biodiversity Assessment for Boreal Forests in the Pechora River Basin (Russian Federation) ........................................................................... 467 Barbera et al. Agroforestry Systems of Mt Etna, Italy: Biodiversity Analysis at Landscape, Stand and Specific Level ........................................................... 481 Toivanen et al. Effects of Management and Restoration on Forest Biodiversity: An Experimental Approach ................................................................................ 493 Viedma et al. Factors Controlling the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of a Forested Landscape Affected by Fire in Central Spain ............................................... 505 La Mantia, T. The Sicilian Phanerophytes: Still a Noteworthy Patrimony, Soon a Lost and Pasta, S. Resource? .....................................................................................................