ACTIVITY REPORT 2009-2014! Laboratoire de Physique ! UMR CNRS 5672! Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon! Contents I. Organisational structure 3 II. Scientific Report 4 T1R. Hydrodynamics and Geophysics5 T2R. Soft Matter : Multi-scale Mechanics, from Measurements to Models 11 T3R. Physics of Biological Systems 15 T4R. Mathematical Physics and Fundamental Interactions 19 T5R. Condensed Matter 23 T6R. Infophysics, Signal and Systems 27 T7R. Statistical Physics 31 T8R. Instrumentation and imaging 35 III. Scientific Production 37 A. Books 37 B. Edited Books 37 C. Chapters of books 37 T1B. Hydrodynamics and Geophysics 38 T2B. Soft matter : multi-scale mechanics, from measurements to models 42 T3B. Physics of Biological Systems 44 T4B. Mathematical Physics and Fundamental Interactions 48 T5B. Condensed Matter 52 T6B. Infophysics, Signal and Systems 55 T7B. Statistical Physics 63 T8B. Instrumentation and Imaging 66 3 I. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE 2014 DIRECTION Thierry DAUXOIS SERVICES COMMUNS Gestion et secrétariat Service informatique Atelier mécanique Atelier électronique Responsable : Responsable : Responsable : Responsable : CLERVAUX Nadine (CNRS, AI) LOUIS-LUCAS Bertrand (CNRS, IE) MOULIN Marc (CNRS, IE) METZ Pascal (CNRS, IE) BOUCHNEB Fatiha (CNRS, TCN) BARROUX Hervé (ENS, TCS) ARNOULD Frédéric (ENS, TCN) ROPARS Franck (CNRS, IE) DUMAZEL Laure (ENS, Adt) LE TOURNEAU Denis (ENS, ASI) TANASE Marius (CNRS, TCN) MAUDUIT Laurence (CNRS, TCS) VITTOZ Franck (CNRS, TCE) Équipe 1 Équipe 2 Équipe 3 Équipe 4 Matière & Complexité PHYNOLIN–Physique Statistique, SISYPHE – Signaux, Physique Théorique Hydrodynamique et non Linéarités Systèmes et Physique Responsable : Responsable : Responsable : Responsable : GEMINARD Jean-Christophe, DR BELLON Ludovic, CR ABRY Patrice, DR MAILLET Jean-Michel, DR Effectif : 50 Effectif : 43 Effectif : 20 Effectif : 30 15 CHERCHEURS : 10 CHERCHEURS : 7 CHERCHEURS : 10 CHERCHEURS : BERGERON Vance, DR ARGOUL Françoise, DR AUDIT Benjamin, CR ALASTUEY Angel, DR CASTELNOVO Martin, CR ARNEODO Alain, DR Emérite BORGNAT Pierre, CR CARPENTIER David, CR GIBAUD Thomas, CR BOUCHET Freddy, DR CHEVILLARD Laurent, CR DEGIOVANNI Pascal, DR OSWALD Patrick, DR CILIBERTO Sergio, DR FLANDRIN Patrick, DR DELDUC François, DR PALIERNE Jean-François, CR CRAUSTE Caroline, CR JENSEN Pablo, DR FEDORENKO Andrey, CR PLACE Christophe, CR DAUXOIS Thierry, DR PUSTELNIK Nelly, CR GAWEDZKI Krzysztof, DR SANTUCCI Stéphane, CR ERMANYUK Evgeny, CDD DR LIVINE Etera, CR VAILLANT Cédric, CR GARNIER Nicolas, CR 2 ENSEIGNANTS/CHERCHEURS: NICCOLI Giuliano, CR VIDAL Valérie, CR PETROSYAN Artyom, IR ORIGNAC Edmond, CR PINTON Jean-François, DR CASTAING Bernard, PR PLIHON Nicolas, CR 10 ENSEIGNANTS/CHERCHEURS : ROUX Stéphane, MC 4 ENSEIGNANTS/CHERCHEURS: PUMIR Alain, DR BARTOLO Denis, PR STEINBERGER Audrey, CR HOLDSWORTH Peter, PR 6 DOCTORANTS : EVERAERS Ralf, PR VENAILLE Antoine, CR MAGRO Marc, MC FREYSSINGEAS Eric, MC ROSCILDE Tommaso, MC BOULOS Rasha GAYVALLET Hervé, MC 5 ENSEIGNANTS/CHERCHEURS: SAMTLEBEN Henning, PR COSTARD Aude MANNEVILLE Sébastien, PR FRECON Jordan MOSKALENKO Cendrine, MC CHILLA Francesca, MC HAMON Ronan 11 DOCTORANTS : PAULIN Sébastien, PRAG JOUBAUD Sylvain, MC MICHAU Gabriel PEYRARD Michel, PR Emérite NAERT Antoine, MC TREMBLAY Nicolas CHAMPION Maxime RIGORD Patrick, PRAG ODIER Philippe, MC CHARLES Christophe TABERLET Nicolas, MC VOLK Romain, MC FAULKNER Michaël 5 POST-DOCTORANTS : FRUCHART Michel 13 DOCTORANTS : 17 DOCTORANTS : KAISER Vojtech HAMONIER Julien LOPES CARDOZO David LOZENGUEZ Guillaume BRICARD Antoine BERUT Antoine MALPETTI Danièle PEREIRA Rodrigo BERNAUD Julien BERTOLACCINI Jonathan ORTIZ Thomas SCHMITT Jérémy CAUSSIN Jean Baptiste BOURGET Baptiste TAUBER Clément SPILKA Jiri CHASTAING Jean-Yonnel BROUZET Christophe THIBIERGE Etienne CLOTET FONS Xavier DEVAILLY Clémence WENDLAND David DALBE Marie-Julie GEITNER Mickaël DESREUMAUX Nicolas GUICHARDAZ Robin HADDAD Noëlle HORNE Ernesto 5 POST-DOCTORANTS : LIDON Pierre JULIEN Jean-Daniel MOKHTARI Zakia LAPERROUSAZ Bastien DE FORGES DE PARNY Laurent PERGE Christophe LE CUNUDER Anne DELPLACE Pierre SANCHEZ Claudia LIOT Olivier HENRY Louis-Paul VERDIER Timothée MACHICOANE Nathanaël LE DIFFON Arnaud MARTINEZ Cristina NARDINI Cesare 10 POST-DOCTORANTS : RUSAOUEN Eléonore STREPPA Laura CECCIA Simona TANGARIFE Tomas CHIKKADI Vijayakumar FARDIN Marc-Antoine 12 POST-DOCTORANTS : JEANNERET Raphaël JOST Daniel BOUSSELIN Guillaume LASTAKOWSKI Henri DIGIUNI Simona LEOCMACH Mathieu DRILLON Guénola MODLINSKA Anna GERASIMOVA Evgeniya TAPIA Franco HOMAN Tess WEIJS Joost LOPEZ CABALLERO Miguel MARTINEZ Ignacio PEREZ APARICIO Roberto SALORT Julien SCOLAN Hélène THEURKAUFF Isaac WOUTERS Jeroen . 1 CDD ITA : PROVERA/BOYER Elise, IR 4 II. SCIENTIFIC REPORT 5 T1R. Hydrodynamics and Geophysics Permanent Members: P. Borgnat, F. Bouchet, B. Castaing, L. Chevillard, F. Chilla,` T. Dauxois, E. Freyssingeas, K. Gawedzki, J.-C. Geminard,´ S. Joubaud, E. Lev´ eque,^ S. Man- neville, P. Odier, N. Plihon, A. Pumir, J.-F. Pinton, S. Roux, N. Taberlet, A. Venaille, V. Vidal, R. Volk Post-docs: E. Calzavarini, M. Creyssels, L. Ducasse, L. Fiabane, J. Munroe, C. Nardini, X. Riedinger, J. Salort, H. Scolan, F. Seychelles, H. Touil, A. Venaille, M. Vosskuhle PhD students: G. Bordes, B. Bourget, C. Brouzet, A. Cahuzac, E. Horne, O. Liot, N. Machicoane, M. Mercier, S. Miralles, B. Percier, E. Rusaouen, C. Sanchez,´ T. Tangarife, J.C. Tisserand, G. Varas, G. Verhille, M. Vosskuhle, R. Zimmermann Many activities of the laboratory involve fluids or complex matter flows. Some of these activities relate to fundamental hydrodynamics, whether experimental, theoretical or numerical. Following the new technical developments on particle tracking, a group in our laboratory has designed experiments to study the dynamics of particles in a turbulent flow, while other groups tackled the same issue via theoretical stochastic approaches. Another research axis has been focussing on mass or heat turbulent transport, studying ice melting or gravity currents dynamics, as well as forced turbulent convection. Finally, pursuing our solid tradition in statistical physics, several groups have been working on statistical turbulence, using multifractal or conformal invariance theory, and turbulence modeling, developing new Large Eddy Simulations (LES) approaches. Others activities are dedicated to, inspired by, or might be of potential applicability in the geophysical context. Regarding oceanic and atmospheric applications, the main focusses have been on energy transfer by internal gravity waves, as well as statistical approaches of large scale flows. Following the success of the VKS experiment, various new results have also been obtained on the behavior of a dynamo generated magnetic field and its coupling with the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow. Other groups have concentrated their efforts of multi- phase flows, working on the formation of ripples on roads, the discharge of a grain silo or the motion of gas bubbles through complex material. Regarding the complexity of all the considered phenomena in the geophysical context, we think that progress in these fundamental studies would be of primary interest to the understanding of field observations. A. Turbulent transport tation in the whole flow volume of a turbulent von K´arm´anflow. We observed both translation and ro- Particle dynamics in turbulent flows (ANR tation dynamics are still very intermittent for these DEPSET and TEC, M. Bourgoin, LEGI, J. Bec, large scale objects, with strong coupling between the OCA, M. Lance LMFA) two through a lift force [104]. We also observed Experimental studies of particle dynamics. Mod- a transition in the dynamics of very large particles ern experimental techniques make possible nowadays which become trapped in the large scale structures to resolve the dynamics of small material particles of the underlying flow, leading to non-homogeneous in highly turbulent flows. Using Extended Laser sampling [45]. Doppler Velocimetry, we have focused experimentally Theoretical studies of particles dynamics. From the on the dynamics of small neutrally buoyant particles theoretical point of view, these studies raise ques- with sizes larger than the dissipative scale of the flow, tions about the statistical properties of the orienta- and observed that not only their variance of accelera- tion of objects transported by the flow. In this spirit, 2=3 tion decreases as (D/η)− (following pressure incre- we have proposed a very simple model of rotating ments), but also the intermittency of their dynamics sphere in a turbulent flow, and obtained explicit re- [98]. These results compare qualitatively well with sults about the dynamics of decorrelation of the ori- a Faxen model of material particle dynamics we im- entation [101], which can be formally understood in plemented in a DNS simulation of homogeneous and terms of irrational quantum numbers. We have also isotropic turbulence [17, 18]. More recently we in- demonstrated the alignment of small rods in the flow vestigated the possible clustering of neutrally buoy- with the fluid vorticity [67]. A generalization of this ant material particles, and compared the results with study concerns the deformation of more complex ob- what was obtained for inertial particles with same jects, such as triangles in turbulent flows [68]. Stokes number in a homogenous and isotropic turbu- It has been noticed for many years that turbulence lent flow [105]. We observed that if large neutrally leads to an enhanced collision rate between (heavy) buoyant particles share