Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations HCNSO Student Work 6-1-2010 A Comparison of Copepoda (Order: Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Poecilostomatoida) Density in the Florida Current Off orF t Lauderdale, Florida Jessica L. Bostock Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation Jessica L. Bostock. 2010. A Comparison of Copepoda (Order: Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Poecilostomatoida) Density in the Florida Current Off Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Master's thesis. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, Oceanographic Center. (92) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/92. This Thesis is brought to you by the HCNSO Student Work at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center A Comparison of Copepoda (Order: Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Poecilostomatoida) Density in the Florida Current off Fort Lauderdale, Florida By Jessica L. Bostock Submitted to the Faculty of Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with a specialty in: Marine Biology Nova Southeastern University June 2010 1 Thesis of Jessica L. Bostock Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Science: Marine Biology Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center June 2010 Approved: Thesis Committee Major Professor :______________________________ Amy C. Hirons, Ph.D. Committee Member :___________________________ Alexander Soloviev, Ph.D. Committee Member :___________________________ Jonathan Shenker, Ph.D. 2 Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis and research would not have been possible without the hard work of many individuals. I would first like to thank my committee members, Dr. Amy C. Hirons, Dr. Alex Soloviev, and Dr. Jonanthan Shenker for their invaluable assistance during various stages of my project. Dr. Hirons, as my major professor, has provided many invaluable critiques and comments during the progression of the project to make it successful. I would also like to thank Dr. Alexander Soloviev and Dr. Jonathan Shenker for giving suggestions and constructive criticism along the way. I would also like to thank Dr. Jason Gershman, of the Division of Math, Science and Technology of Farquhar College of Arts and Sciences who assisted with the statistical portion of my research. I would like to thank my friends and family for supporting and encouraging me throughout this process. To my lab mates, Stephanie Healey, Gabriela Winiewski, and Maduhra Mokashi for their constant support and entertainment during the identification portion of my project. To my co-workers and friends, Kerry Boytin, Whitney Brown, Jamie Rodriguez, Zaibis Munoz, Sara Schilling, Kenrick Roberts, Lindy Wagner, and Anthony DeSantis. Your showed me what true friends are with willing ears to listen and offering advice when I was lost, thank you. Finally, I am indebted to my father and mother, Jay and Kathleen Bostock, for their unwavering love and unconditional support throughout my entire life. They have taught me the invaluable lessons of commitment, sacrifice, and perseverance. Without them I would not be where I am today and I thank you. I would also like to express my gratitude to my older sister, Virginia Bostock. She was able to show me there was a light at the end of the tunnel and that I can do this. And to my younger siblings, Meredith and Devon Bostock, who could always bring a smile to my face when I needed it the most. Thank you all for being my rock, I couldn’t have asked to for a better family. 3 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 8 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 10 I. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................... 12 Copepoda ................................................................................................................. 12 Ecological Importance .................................................................................... 15 Life History ...................................................................................................... 16 Geographical Distribution: Latitudinal, Land Proximity, and Depth ....... 20 Latitude .................................................................................................... 20 Land Proximity: Coastal and Pelagic Distribution .................................. 22 Depth: Diel Vertical Migration ................................................................ 23 Anatomy and Function ........................................................................................... 24 Seta position ..................................................................................................... 24 Cephalosome .................................................................................................... 24 Antennule and Antenna.............................................................................. 27 Mandible, Maxillule, Maxilla, and Maxilliped .......................................... 29 Metasome ........................................................................................................ 32 Urosome .......................................................................................................... 35 Taxonomic Composition of South Floridian Waters ........................................... 35 Physical Environment ............................................................................................. 37 Tropical Waters ............................................................................................. 37 The Florida Current ...................................................................................... 38 Statement of Purpose .............................................................................................. 41 II. MATERIAL AND METHODS ............................................................................. 42 Study Site ................................................................................................................. 42 Zooplankton Collection .......................................................................................... 44 4 Identification Analysis ............................................................................................ 45 Laboratory Analysis ............................................................................................... 45 Diversity and Statistical Analysis .......................................................................... 46 III. RESULTS ................................................................................................................ 49 Copepod Composition and Density Data .............................................................. 50 Diversity Data .......................................................................................................... 69 Oceanographic Data ............................................................................................... 71 CTD Data ......................................................................................................... 71 ADCP Data ...................................................................................................... 74 Density Statistical Analysis .................................................................................... 78 IV. DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................... 90 Gear Selectivity ....................................................................................................... 91 Sea surface temperature ......................................................................................... 93 Salinity ..................................................................................................................... 94 Fluorescence ............................................................................................................ 94 Copepod Composition and Density Distribution ................................................. 95 Spatial and Temporal Scales ................................................................................ 102 Biological Interactions .......................................................................................... 103 Study Influence...................................................................................................... 106 V. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................... 107 VI. REFERENCES ....................................................................................................