Local Development Plan (LDP) - Position Paper Flooding and Drainage Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................. 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 2 Regional Planning Policy Context .......................................................................... 3 Regional Development Strategy 2035 (RDS).......................................................... 3 Strategic Planning Policy Statement (SPPS) .......................................................... 4 Local Planning Policy Context ................................................................................ 6 Planning Policy Statement 15: Planning and Flood Risk (PPS15) .......................... 6 Addendum to Planning Policy Statement 7: Safeguarding the Character of Established Residential Areas (PPS7) .................................................................... 6 Extant Area Plans ..................................................................................................... 7 North Down and Ards Area Plan 1984-1995 (NDAAP), Belfast Urban Area Plan, draft Belfast Metropolitan Area Plan 2015 (dBMAP) and Belfast Metropolitan Area Plan 2015 (BMAP) .................................................................................................. 7 Ards and Down Area Plan 2015 (ADAP) ................................................................. 7 Council Plans and Strategies .................................................................................. 8 Ards and North Down Corporate Plan 2015-2019 ................................................... 8 The Big Plan for Ards and North Down 2017-2032 ................................................. 8 Flood Maps NI ........................................................................................................... 8 Reservoirs ............................................................................................................... 10 Legislation Relating to drainage and flooding..................................................... 11 The EU Floods Directive ....................................................................................... 11 Bangor Significant Flood Risk Area ...................................................................... 12 Newtownards Significant Flood Risk Area ............................................................ 14 Flood Resilience ..................................................................................................... 17 Northern Ireland Flood Risk Management Plan .................................................... 17 Sustainable Water: A Long Term Strategy for Northern Ireland (2015-2040) ....... 17 Managing Water – A Strategy for Promoting the use of Sustainable Drainage Systems ................................................................................................................ 18 Case Study: Clandeboye Primary School Rainwater Garden ............................... 19 Homeowner Flood Protection Grant Scheme........................................................ 20 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 20 Appendix A: List of Reservoirs in Ards and North Down ................................... 21 References/Useful Links ........................................................................................ 21 Executive Summary This Position Paper provides the Council with an overview of baseline evidence in relation to drainage and flood risk in Ards and North Down. It examines the various types of flooding and the policy and operational measures that are in place that aim to deal with the risks. The paper should assist in identifying the key future direction for the Local Development Plan (LDP) up to 2030, by allowing members to consider the key issues in relation to the managing the flood risk to our people and property. It is important to stress that in compiling the Position Paper the best information available has been used however it may need revised in light of the release of any new data. The paper will provide a foundation of evidence to bring forward proposals in the Preferred Options Paper (POP) and also form a starting point with the views of members generated as part of the engagement event. The POP is the earliest stage of plan preparation and will form the basis for consulting with the public and stakeholders on a range of options for dealing with key issues in the Borough. It will also allow members to commence consideration of how policy for the effective management of development affecting floodplains and watercourses can be formulated within the context of the Regional Development Strategy (RDS 2035) and the Strategic Planning Policy Statement (SPPS). Any future decision making will need to be made within the context of a Sustainability Appraisal under the provisions of Planning (Northern Ireland) Act 2011. This paper is therefore intended to generate members’ ideas on how planning can best manage development to minimise the risk of flooding. 1 Introduction 1.1 The aim of this paper is to provide baseline evidence with respect to flooding in order to inform members and enable meaningful participation in the LDP topic- based workshops. 1.2 Flooding is a natural phenomenon which cannot be entirely prevented. It can happen at any time and there is consequent risk to people, property, infrastructure and the natural environment. Flooding originates from four main sources: • Fluvial Flooding (from rivers) occurs when the river channel capacity is exceeded and water is conveyed and stored within the natural flood plain of the river; • Pluvial Flooding (surface flooding) occurs as a result of rainfall which overwhelms natural or man-made drainage systems and results in water flowing overland or ponding in depressions; • Flooding from reservoirs can occur if the reservoir fails structurally or by an unusually high release of water via spillways. Although the likelihood of this type of flooding is low, the impact upon communities is high due to the sudden release and rapid inundation of flood water; and • Coastal Flooding occurs when inundation from the sea takes place along coastal areas as a result of a combination of high tides, storm surge and wave action. 1.3 This paper will focus on the first three types of flooding and members should refer to ‘The Coast’ paper for further information on coastal flooding. 1.4 It is generally accepted that we are more likely to experience more regular flooding in the future. In urban areas, surface water flooding may increase due to the development of green spaces and paving of gardens and driveways. Deforestation, agricultural drainage and changing land management practices increase flows in watercourses and climate change 2 predictions also suggest a rise in sea level, increase in winter precipitation and an increase in the intensity of extreme rainfall events. 1.5 A fundamental reason why people and property are at risk from flooding is that many towns and cities are located within flood plains. Historically, people chose settlement locations close to rivers based upon the need for drinking water, foul drainage, transport, commerce and fishing. 1.6 The planning system has a role to play in balancing the pressure for development within towns and cities against flood risk and to prevent future development that may be at risk from flooding or that may increase the risk of flooding elsewhere. Regional Planning Policy Context 2.1 The regional policy context is provided by the Regional Development Strategy (RDS) 2035 and the Strategic Planning Policy Statement (SPPS). A summary of these documents as they relate to plan making and flood risk and drainage is provided in the following paragraphs. Regional Development Strategy 2035 (RDS) 2.2 The RDS 2035 sets out the strategic framework for the promotion of sustainable development in the Region. It recognises the need to avoid, where possible, the selection of flood prone land for employment and housing growth. It urges the planning system to adopt a precautionary approach to development in areas of flood risk and the use of the latest flood risk information that is available in order to properly manage development. 2.3 Policy RG12: ‘Promote a more sustainable approach to the provision of water and sewerage services and flood risk management’ Changes in population distribution, household formation, urban development and our changing lifestyles continue to put increased pressure on our water 3 resources and drainage systems. Climate change will also have an impact upon our water environment, with potentially increased flood events from drainage systems, rivers, the sea and surface water runoff. The following measures should be implemented: • Integrate water and land use planning: This will involve close cooperation between planning authorities and the water industry in the preparation of local development plans and long term water strategies • Manage future water demand: The reduction of water consumption by reducing waste can lead to a lower carbon footprint as less water will need to be abstracted, treated and pumped. • Encourage sustainable surface water management: Greater use of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) should be encouraged, particularly as part of significant development proposals. SuDS provide a water quality benefit and if designed appropriately can