PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION JULY-AUGUST 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES WHAT DIPLOMACY DELIVERS OUT IN THE COLD FAMILY MEMBER EMPLOYMENT THE VALUE OF U.S. DIPLOMACY FOREIGN SERVICE July-August 2017 Volume 94, No. 6 20 44 Focus on Environmental Diplomacy 20 32 Features An Existential Threat The Path to PACE: That Demands Greater FS How U.S. Diplomacy Engagement Accelerated Clean Energy For more than 25 years, negotiators Cooperation with India 44 have worked around the world to meet A foreign affairs practitioner offers Making It Work: the climate change crisis. The need to a ground-level guide to changing Conversations with deepen this work will only increase, and the world, one clean energy market greater FS engagement is essential. at a time. Female Ambassadors Seven female ambassadors By Tim Lattimer By Jason Donovan candidly discuss the challenges and successes of building both 26 36 career and families. It’s Not Just about Paris: Solar Overseas: Interviews Conducted International Climate Harnessing the Sun to by Leslie Bassett Action Today Power U.S. Embassies There is a great breadth and depth of With the significant, steady drop in 61 official and unofficial activity around the cost of solar energy systems, the Out in the Cold: How the world aimed at meeting the climate State Department has moved to take change challenge. advantage of this environment-friendly the Hiring Freeze By Karen Florini & Ann Florini investment. Is Affecting Family By Todd Evans Member Employment Employing family members overseas isn’t just good for morale. 41 It makes financial sense, too, From the FSJ Archive: and helps keep our embassies Decade of the Environment functioning. A feature from the May 1978 FSJ traces By Donna Scaramastra accomplishments from the previous decade. Gorman By Fitzhugh Green THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | JULY-AUGUST 2017 5 FOREIGN SERVICE Perspectives 78 Local Lens Departments Pernik, Bulgaria 7 By Jenny Cobble 10 Letters President’s Views Sustaining America’s Global 13 Talking Points Leadership 65 In Memory By Barbara Stephenson 70 Books 9 Letter from the Editor Climate Change Diplomacy Marketplace By Shawn Dorman 17 72 Classifieds Speaking Out 75 Real Estate The Value and Purpose of 74 Index to Advertisers American Diplomacy By William J. Burns 78 AFSA NEWS THE OFFICIAL RECORD OF THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION 49 2017-2019 Governing Board Election Results 60 AFSA Announces High School Essay Contest 50 State VP Voice—I Couldn’t Have Done It Winner Without You 60 Join Us for Happy Hours 51 USAID VP Voice—The Future of Foreign Assistance 52 FAS VP Voice—Looking Forward 52 AFSA Governing Board Meeting, May 2017 53 Assignment Restrictions: An Update 54 AFSA Outreach—Our Successes So Far 55 Senate Foreign Service Caucus Launched 56 99 Years of the FSJ Now at Your Fingertips 56 2017 Summer Interns Arrive at AFSA 57 2017 AFSA Award Recipients 58 Retiree Corner 56 60 iLead Speaker Series Features AFSA President On the Cover: A woman portrayed against a backdrop of dramatic deforestation in the hills of Haiti. Photo by Ron F. Savage, a USAID FSO cur- rently serving in the Dominican Republic. More of his photographs can be found at http://sierravistaimages.zenfolio.com. 6 JULY-AUGUST 2017 | THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL PRESIDENT’S VIEWS Sustaining America’s Global Leadership BY BARBARA STEPHENSON s I prepared to write this, the final among members a sophisticated under- Senator Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.), column of my two-year term as standing of the unique demands of our chairman of the Senate Appropriations AFSA president, I reviewed all service so that members are themselves Subcommittee on State, Foreign Opera- A19 columns published since I equipped to be effective advocates. tions and Related Programs, had this to say took office in July 2015. By the time you Workforce planning, the creation of about the proposed cuts to the budget for read this, the results of the elections for staff capacity so that AFSA can fulfill its State and USAID: “A 29 percent cut means the 2017-2019 AFSA Governing Board and role as the Voice of the Foreign Service you really have to withdraw from the world officers will have been announced, and and generate informed arguments about because your presence is compromised. we will know if I will be back in this space what choices contribute to the long-term That may be the goal of this budget. It’s not writing President’s Views columns for the well-being of the Foreign Service as a my goal. This guts soft power as we know next two years. vital instrument of national security and i t .” I told you at the outset of my tenure that prosperity. Make no mistake about it: what you do I would use this column as an accountabil- I am pleased to report that we have matters. In addition to being effective and ity tool to report openly and transparently made enormous progress in all three informed advocates for the Foreign Ser- about AFSA’s goals and plans, all funded by areas, and I invite—indeed encour- vice, I want to ask you to double down on you, the more than 16,500 members who age—you to read AFSA’s annual report doing your jobs. For the two-thirds of you voluntarily pay dues to run this organiza- for further details about the work we have who are deployed abroad representing our tion so we can serve as the Voice of the undertaken on your behalf. great nation at 270 American diplomatic Foreign Service, your voice. As we face a proposed 30 percent posts around the world, please keep our I reported to you that the AFSA Gov- cut to the foreign affairs budget, along flag flying proudly. Reinforce patterns of erning Board would structure its work with a major reorganization, I am, while cooperation. Encourage partners in your around three pillars: profoundly unsettled about what all this host country to continue to look to the Outreach, to tell the proud story of the means for America’s global leadership, American embassy for leadership and Foreign Service to the American people equally grateful that we at AFSA had the problem solving. so they understand what we do and why foresight to prepare and mount a credible Double down on your contact work. it matters to them—and are then ready defense of the Foreign Service as both Keep information channels flowing and to champion our vitally important work indispensable to global leadership and patterns of security cooperation robust. to help make our country secure and the most cost-effective tool in the national Pay into the bilateral relationship, build- prosperous through sustaining America’s security toolkit. ing up the metaphorical bank account global leadership role. I am more convinced than ever of by reminding your host country what Inreach, both the vital role the Foreign Service plays in they love about America, whether that’s to gain a nuanced sustaining America’s global leadership astronauts or jazz, and of the ties that bind understanding of role—a role supported by nine in 10 of our us, whether of shared sacrifice or kinship members’ aspira- fellow Americans. So are other leading or history. tions and concerns voices—from our country’s most respected And take care of each other. as the basis for our generals and admirals to business and Remember: America’s global leader- advocacy agenda religious leaders, as well as many members ship role rests in large measure on your and to reinforce of Congress from both sides of the aisle. shoulders. n Ambassador Barbara Stephenson is the president of the American Foreign Service Association. THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | JULY-AUGUST 2017 7 FOREIGN SERVICE Editor in Chief, Director of Publications Shawn Dorman: [email protected] www.afsa.org Managing Editor Susan Brady Maitra: [email protected] Associate Editor CONTACTS Gemma Dvorak: [email protected] AFSA Headquarters: BUSINESS DEPARTMENT Publications Coordinator (202) 338-4045; Fax (202) 338-6820 Director of Finance Dmitry Filipoff: [email protected] State Department AFSA Office: Femi Oshobukola: [email protected] (202) 647-8160; Fax (202) 647-0265 Controller Ad & Circulation Manager USAID AFSA Office: Kalpna Srimal: [email protected] Ed Miltenberger: [email protected] (202) 712-1941; Fax (202) 216-3710 Assistant Controller Art Director FCS AFSA Office: Cory Nishi: [email protected] Caryn Suko Smith (202) 482-9088; Fax (202) 482-9087 Editorial Intern LABOR MANAGEMENT GOVERNING BOARD THROUGH JULY 15 Andrea Philbin General Counsel President Sharon Papp: [email protected] Editorial Board Hon. Barbara Stephenson: Deputy General Counsel Beth Payne, Chair [email protected] Raeka Safai: [email protected] Randy Berry Secretary Senior Staff Attorneys James Bever William Haugh: [email protected] Neera Parikh: [email protected] Angela Bond Treasurer Hon. Charles A. Ford: [email protected] Hon. Gordon S. Brown Zlatana Badrich: [email protected] State Vice President Stephen W. Buck Labor Management Counselor Angie Bryan: [email protected] Lawrence Casselle Colleen Fallon-Lenaghan: Eric Green USAID Vice President [email protected] Kara McDonald Sharon Wayne: [email protected] Grievance Counselor John G. Rendeiro Jr. FCS Vice President Jason Snyder: [email protected] Steve Morrison: [email protected] Senior Labor Management Advisor FAS Vice President James Yorke: [email protected] THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS Mark Petry: [email protected] Labor Management Advisor PROFESSIONALS Retiree Vice President The Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), Patrick Bradley: [email protected] Hon. Tom Boyatt: [email protected] 2101 E Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is Executive Assistant State Representatives published monthly, with combined January-February Jaya Duvvuri: [email protected] and July-August issues, by the American Foreign Service Lawrence Casselle USAID Staff Assistant Association (AFSA), a private, nonprofit organization.