www.malvern.com Sample dispersion and refractive index guide Mastersizer 2000 Malvern Instruments Limited Printed in England MRK0933-01 Reference manual Enigma Business Park Grovewood Road, Malvern Worcs, WR14 1XZ, U.K. Tel: +44 (0) 1684 892456 Fax: +44 (0) 1684 892789 INSTRUMENTS Blank pages.fm Page 2 Friday, March 16, 2007 3:54 PM Blank MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page i Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Guide MAN0396 Issue 1.0 April 2007 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page ii Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM © Malvern Instruments Ltd. 2007 Malvern Instruments makes every effort to ensure that this document is correct. However, due to Malvern Instruments’ policy of continual product development we are unable to guarantee the accuracy of this, or any other document after the date of publication. We therefore disclaim all liability for any changes, errors or omissions after the date of publication. 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Tel + [44] (0)1684-892456 Fax + [44] (0)1684-892789 Printed in England MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page i Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Table of Contents Refractive index list . 1-1 Sample dispersion guide . 2-1 Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Page i MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page ii Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Table of Contents Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Page ii MAN 0396 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 1 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM 1 Refractive index list Compound Formula Refractive index Acanthite (Silver Sulphide) Ag2S2.2 Acetal 1.48 Acetone 1.36 Adipic Acid (CH2.CH2.COOH)2 1.433 Agate SiO2 1.544 - 1.553 Albite Na2O.AI2O3.6SiO2 1.529 Albite (Feldspar) NaAlSi3O8 1.527 - 1.538 Almandine (Garnet) 1.830 Alumina AI2O3 1.760 Alumina trihydrate AI2O33H20 1.577-1.595 Aluminium Hydroxide Al(OH)2 1.56 - 1.75 (Nat. Boehmite) AlO(OH) 1.64 - 1.67 Aluminium Oxide Al2O3 1.76 - 1.768 (Corundum) 1.765 Aluminium Silicate Al2O3.SiO2 1.65 Aluminium Stearate Al(C18H35O2)3 1.49 Aluminum Sulphate AI2(SO4)3 1.47 Ammonium Chloride NH4CI 1.642 Ammonium Sulphate NH4SO4 1.523 Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (NH4)H2P2O6 1.52 Anatase (Titanium Dioxide) TiO2 2.49 - 2.56 Andesine (Feldspar) ([NaSi]0.7-0.5 [CaAl]0.3-0.5)AlSi2O8 1.544 - 1.563 Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Page 1-1 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 2 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM 1 Chapter 1 Refractive index list Compound Formula Refractive index Andradite (Garnet) 1.887 Anglesitte (Lead Sulphate) PbSO4 1.8771 - 1.8937 Anhydrite (Calcium Sulphate) CaSO4 1.5698 - 1.6136 Anhydrite (Gypsum) CaSO4.2H2O 1.57 - 1.61 Anhydrous Borax Na2O.2B2O3 1.501 Anorthite (Feldspar) CaAl2Si2O8 1.577 -1.590 Anorthoclase (Feldspar) (Na,K)AlSi3O8 1.523 - 1.529 Antimony Trioxide Sb2O3 (Nat. Semarnontite) 2.087 (Nat. Valentine) 2.18 - 2.35 Antimony Vermilion Sb2S3 2.65 Aragonite (Calcium Carbonate) CaCO3 1.530 - 1.686 Arsenic Sulphur Glass 2.61 Arsenous Oxide As2O3 1.76 (V) 1.92 (I) Asphaltum (Bitumen) 1.64 - 1.66 Azurite 2CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 1.73 - 1.83 Baddeyelite (Zirconium Oxide) ZrO2 2.13 - 2.20 Barite (Barytes) BaSO4 1.6362 - 1.6482 Barium Carbonate (Witherite) BaCO3 1.529 - 1.677 Barium Chloride BaCI2.2H2O 1.642 Barium Crown Glass (Light) 1.54065 (Medium) 1.576 (Dense) 1.613 Barium Fluoride BaF2 1.47 Barium Oxide BaO 1.98 Barium Sulphate (Barite, Barytes) BaSO4 1.637 - 1.649 Barium Mono-sulphide BaS 2.155 Barium Titanate BaTiO3 2.40 Barium Yellow BaCrO4 1.94 - 1.98 Barytes (Barite, Blanc Fixe) BaSO4 1.636 - 1.649 Benzene C6H6 1.50 Page 1-2 MAN 0396 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 3 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Refractive index list Chapter 1 Compound Formula Refractive index Benzyl Alcohol C6H5CH2OH 1.538-1.541 Benzyl Benzoate 1.568-1.570 Beryllium Oxide BeO 1.719 Biotite (Mica) K(Mg,Fe)3 AlSi3O10(OH,F)2 1.565 - 1.696 Bitumen 1.6500 Black Pigments 1.675 (average) Blanc Fixe (Artificial Barytes) BaSO4 1.638 - 1.649 Blue Pigments 1.63 (average) Boehmite AlO(OH) 1.64 - 1.67 Bone Black C + Ca3(PO4)2 1.65 - 1.70 Boracic Acid B2O3.3H2O 1.456 Borax Na2B4O7 1.4466 - 1.4687 Borax Na2O.2B2O3.10H2O 1.469 Boric Oxide B2O3 1.459 Boro-silicate Crown Glass 1.50970 (Soda lime glass) 1.513 Boron Oxide B2O3 1.61-1.64 Boron Oxide Glass B2O3 1.485 Brick Dust 1.44 Brookite (Titanium Dioxide) TiO2 2.5831 - 2.7004 Brown Pigments 1.653 (average) N-butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 1.3993 Butanone CH3CH2COCH3 1.38 Butter Fat 1.4548 Cadmium Iodide CdI2 2.7 Calcium Metaborate Ca(BO2)2 1.660 Cadmium Oxide CdO 1.49 Cadmium Red CdS(Se) 2.64 - 2.77 Cadmium Red Lithopone CdS(Se) + BaSO4 2.50 - 2.76 Cadmium Sulfide (Greenockite) CaS 2.506 - 2.529 Cadmium Yellow CdS 2.35 - 2.48 Cadmium Yellow Lithopone CdS + BaSO4 2.39 - 2.40 Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Page 1-3 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 4 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Chapter 1 Refractive index list Compound Formula Refractive index Calcite (Calcium Carbonate) CaCO3 1.486 - 1.740 Calcium Carbide CaC2 1.750 Calcium Carbonate CaCO3 1.681 (IV) Calcium Carbonate CaCO3 (Aragonite) 1.53 - 1.685 (Nat. Calcite) 1.4864 - 1.74 (Nat. Vaterite) 1.55 - 1.65 Calcium Carbonate Hexahydrate CaCO3.6H2O 1.460 - 1.545 Calcium Chloride CaCI2 1.52 Calcium Chlorite Ca(ClO)2.2Ca(OH)2 1.51 - 1.585 Calcium Fluoride (Fluorite) CaF2 1.43 - 1.44 Calcium Hydroxide (Hydrated Lime) Ca(OH)2 1.545 - 1.574 Calcium Hypochlorite Ca(ClO)2 1.545 - 1.69 Calcium Hypochlorite Tri-hydrate Ca(ClO)2.3H2O 1.535 - 1.63 Calcium Magnesium Carbonate CaCO3, MgCO3 1.5026-1.6817 (Dolomite) Calcium Metasilicate (a) CaSiO3 1.6350 Calcium Metasilicate (b) CaSiO3 1.6145 (Nat. Wollastonite) Calcium Molybdate (Pawellite) CaMoO4 1.97 Calcium Oxide (lime) (Calcia) CaO 1.838 Calcium Peroxide CaO2 1.895 Calcium Phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 1.629 (tri) Calcium Phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 1.627 Calcium Meta Silicate (a) CaSiO3 1.610 - 1.664 (Nat. Pseudowollastonite) Calcium Meta Silicate (b) CaSiO3 1.616 - 1.613 (Wollastonite) Calcium Di-ortho Silicate I Ca2SiO4 1.717 - 1.735 Calcium Di-ortho Silicate Ii Ca2SiO4 1.717 - 1.735 Calcium Di-ortho Silicate Iii Ca2SiO4 1.642 - 1.654 Calcium Tri-silicate (Nat. Alite) Ca3SiO5 or 3Ca.SiO2 α 1.718 - β 1.724 Page 1-4 MAN 0396 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 5 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Refractive index list Chapter 1 Compound Formula Refractive index Calcium Sulphate (Nat. Anhydrite) CaSO4.2H2O 1.569 - 1.613 (Nat. Gypsum) CaSO4.2H2O 1.521 - 1.53 Calcium Sulphide (Nat. Oldhamite) CaS 2.137 Calcium Titanate CaTiO3 1.57 Calcium Tungstate CaWO4 1.9185 Caraway Oil 1.485-1.492 Carbon (Lamp Black, Graphite) C 2.42 Carbon Tetrachloride / Tetrachlo- CCl4 1.46 romethane Cardamom Oil 1.461-1.467 Castor Oil 1.4770 Castrol 1.1000 Cellulose Acetate 1.46-1.5 Cellulose Acetate Butpate 1.46-1.49 Cement 1.68 (average) Cerium Compounds 1.8282 Cerium (iii) Orthophosphate (nat. CePO4 1.774-1.851 Monazite) η Cerulean Blue CoO. SnO2 1.84 Cerussite PbCO3 1.804 - 2.079 Chalk (Whiting) CaCO 1.53 - 1.68 See Calcium Carbonate Chalcedony (Fiberous, Impure SiO2 1.544- 1.553 Quartz) Chazabite 1.482 China Clay (Kaolinite) Al4Si4O10(OH)8 1.533 - 1.577 Chloroform CHCI3 1.446 Chocolate 1.5900 Chrome Alum Cr2(SO4)3.K2SO4.24H2O 1.481 Chrome Orange PbCrO4.Pb(OH)2 2.42 - 2.7 Chrome Green (med.) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 + PbCrO4 2.4 Chrome Yellow (med.) PbCrO4 2.31 - 2.49 Chromic Oxide Cr2O3 2.551 Sample Dispersion and Refractive Index Page 1-5 MAN0396-1.0 Sample Dispersion & Refractive Index.book Page 6 Thursday, April 5, 2007 10:30 AM Chapter 1 Refractive index list Compound Formula Refractive index Chromium Cr 3.51 Chromium Oxide Green Cr2O3 2.5 Cigarette Ash 1.53 Cinnamon Oil 1.573-1.600 Clofibrate 1.500-1.505 Clove Oil 1.528-1.537 Coconut Oil 1.448-1.450 Cobalt Blue CoO.Al2O3 1.74 Cobalt Carbonate CoCO3 1.60 - 1.855 (Nat. Spherocobaltite) Cobalt Ii Per-chlorate Co(ClO4)2.6H2O1.55 Cobalt Ii Per-chlorate (Needles) Co(ClO4)2 1.490 - 1.51 Cobalt Ll Chloride Di-hydrate CoCl2.2H2O 1.625 - 1.67 Cobalt Fluosilicate CoSiF6.6H2O 1.382 - 1.387 Cobalt Green CoO.πZnO 1.94 - 2.0 Cobalt Yellow CoK3(NO2)6.H2O 1.72 - 1.76 Cobalt II Oxide CoO 1.74 Cobalt Violet Co3(PO4)2 1.65 - 1.81 Cocoa Butter 1.4568 Cobaltous Nitrate Co(NO3)2.6H2O1.4 Cobaltus Sulphate CoSO4.7H2O 1.483 Coconut Oil 1.4493 Cod-liver Oil 1.481 Coffee Dust 1.53 Copper Cu 0.25 Copper II Carbonate (Nat. Malachite) CaCO3.Cu(OH)2 1.655 - 1.909 (Nat.